International Journal Of Bio-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials
Volume:1 Issue: 3, Autumn2012

Highly crystalline and pure lithium metasilicate (Li2SiO3) and lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) nanomaterials were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by PXRD technique.The changes in the morphology and particle size of the synthesized nanomaterials with reaction time were investigated using SEM technique. The UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectra of the compounds were studied. The intensity of the bands in the emission spectra increased with increasing reaction time in both compounds. The electronic band structure along with density of states (DOS) calculated by the DFT method that indicated Li2SiO3 and Li2Si2O5 had an indirect energy band gap of 4.575 eV and 4.776 eV, respectively. The optical properties, including the dielectric, absorption, reflectivity and energy-loss spectra of the compounds were calculated by DFT method and analyzed based on the electronic structures.

A simple ion imprinted amino-functionalized sorbent was synthesized by coupling activated carbon with iminodiacetic acid, a functional compound for metal chelating, through cyanoric chloride spacer. The resulting sorbent has been characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and evaluated for the preconcentration and determination of trace Cr(III) in environmental water samples. The optimum pH value for sorption of the metal ion was 6. The sorption capacity of functionalized sorbent was 32.36 mg.g-1. The chelating sorbent can be reused for 10 cycles of sorptiondesorption without any significant change in sorption capacity. A recovery of 104% was obtained for the metal ion with 0.5 M nitric acid as eluting agent. The equilibrium adsorption data of Cr(III) by modified resin were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich-Peterson models. Based on equilibrium adsorption data the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin constants were determined as 0.048 (L/mg), 2.849 (mg/g) (L/mg)1/n and 2.124 (L/g), respectively at 25°C.

Effects of heat-transferring property of silver nanoparticles were evaluated on two solid woods of poplar and fir and in combination with Borax. Nanosilver and Borax were applied in pressure vessel using Rueping method. The size range of silver nanoparticles was 20-80 nm. Specimens of 150×130×9 mm were prepared and five fire-retarding properties were measured using a newly designed slide fire test apparatus. The obtained results indicated that most fire-retarding properties of Borax were improved in combination with nanosilver suspension. Some improvements, although not significant in most cases, were also observed in those specimens that were only impregnated with nanosilver. Significant difference was observed in the two species.Fire-retarding properties were best improved by nanosilver+Borax impregnation in poplar; however, Borax-impregnated specimens seemed to have the optimum properties in fir.

The purpose of this study is to produce an oil-in-water nano-emulsion by ultrasonication. Casein combined with inulin used as continuous phase, while dispersed phase consisted of fish oil. The size of the nano-emulsion and the pH of nano-emulsion were characterized. Ultrasound has been used for preparing emulsion by 24 KHz intensity for 120 seconds. Prepared nano-emulsion was investigated by particle matrix. Result shows that ultrasonication is an efficient emulsification technique producing small emulsion droplets. Nano-emulsions were very small droplet size (<172.344 nm). In the present work, our aim was to evaluate kind of continuous phase materials and its concentration on the pH of the Oil/water nano-emulsions and the size distribution of nano-emulsion droplet. Considering the difference in structure in our study shows the mean particle diameter of nano-emulsion droplets decreased with increasing fish oil concentration. This research proved that type and density of used components as continuous has effect on the properties of nano-emulsion. The ultrasonic technology used in this study could lead to application in the food industry.

In this scientific research, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized from magnesium nitrate and ammonium solutions via microwave@sol-gel process. The structure and the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles has been identified and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Tell), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The crystallite size of nano MgO was in the range of (100 nm (and surface area of 596.39 m2/g. The (2-chloro ethyl phenyl sulfide) 2-CEPS are a sulfurous pollutant. This compound can cause the contaminations of environment. In this survey, we used MgO nanoparticles for removal of 2-CEPS molecule. The results of UV/Vis irradiation for the weight ratio of 1:40 (2-CEPS: MgO nanoparticles) at ambient temperature emphasized that 2-CEPS molecule has the highest amount of removal about 61% and 70% by nanoparticles in the isopropanol and n-heptane solvents after 8 hours, respectively. Although, for the weight ratios of 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 very lower degradation of the sulfurous pollutant (from the same conditions) was observed. Elimination single product; i.e. phenyl vinyl sulfide (PVS) has been identified via GC-MS analysis.

In this work, we report synthesis and characterization of Bi2O3 nanoparticles loaded on mesoporous MCM-41 nanoparticles by a simple solid-state dispersion (SSD) method. Monoclinic bismuth oxide nanoparticles were prepared by polyacrylamide gel method and used as loading materials on the prepared mesoporous MCM-41 as a supporting material. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to study the structural and morphological characteristic of the prepared nanocomposite samples. Photocatalytic performance of the prepared samples was finally evaluated by degradation of methylene blue under irradiation of UV and visible light. The results revealed that, Bi2O3 loaded on nanosize MCM-41 has higher photocatalytic activity than that of pure starting Bi2O3 nanoparticles.

Glycerol mono-oleate (GMO) was produced by direct esterification reaction with amberlyst 16 resin catalysts with the efficiency of 86% and was used as a surfactant for synthesis of CoFe2O4 nano-particles by surfactant-assisted microwave method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to consider the structural and morphological properties of CoFe2O4 nano-particles. Results demonstrated that the average particle size and the percentage of crystallinity were 37.90 nm and 47.34%, respectively.

Molybdenum thin films with 50 and 150 nm thicknesses were deposited on silicon substrates, using DC magnetron sputtering system, then post-annealed at different temperatures (200, 325, 450, 575 and 700°C) with flow oxygen at 200 sccm (standard Cubic centimeter per minute). Thecrystallographic structure of the films was obtained by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. An atomic force microscope (AFM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to investigate the samples surface morphology. A four point probe instrument and a spectrophotometer were used for electrical resistivity and transmittance spectrum measurements, respectively. XRD results showed a MoO3 polycrystal (single phase) for annealed samples at 450 and 575°C, while annealed sample at the highest temperature (700°C) had a mixed phase of MoO3 and Mo9O26. Both the grain size and the surface roughness of the samples increased with annealing temperature. The electrical resistivity and transmittance spectrum of the films increased with increasing of annealing temperature up to 575°C, while an increase in annealing temperature to 700°C had an inverse effect. It was also observed that the thicker films (with 150 nm thickness) had lower resistivity and transmission.