فهرست مطالب

Biolmpacts - Volume:6 Issue: 4, Dec 2016

Biolmpacts
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Dec 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
|
  • Seyed Moein Moghimi * Pages 183-185
    Nanoparticles are being used for construction of complex and higher-order functional structures and metamaterials with applications in nanophotonics, information storage and biomedicine, to name a few. These innovations are briefly discussed within the context of future diagnostic and nanomedicine platform technologies and their possible self-assembly in vivo.
    Keywords: Binary nanoparticle patterns, Microspheres, Nanospheres, Self, assembly
  • Mohammad Reza Ranjouri, Parisa Aob, Sima Mansoori Derakhshan, Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani, Hossein Chiti, Ali Ramazani* Pages 187-193
    Introduction
    A variety of genetic predisposing factors and environmental factors are known to influence the pathogenesis of type-1 diabetes (T1D). This study intended to investigate the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA) gene polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes in children of northwest of Iran.
    Methods
    Genomic DNA was extracted by salting-out method. PCR amplification and direct sequencing methods were used for genotyping of CTLA4 (exon 1) and IL2RA (intron 1) genes in all patients and controls. SNPStats was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p values.
    Results
    In this study, the frequency of G allele and GG genotype of CTLA-4 () polymorphism in T1D patients were significantly different from those in the controls (26% vs. 11%, p = 0.006). Moreover, a significant difference was observed between patients and control group in the allele frequencies of the new SNP (chr2:203868145) that was identified in exon one of CTLA4 (14% vs. 3%, p = 0.006). The results showed that the GG homozygous genotype of A>G was associated with increased glycemic level in T1D patients in the study population (95% CI = 10.47, p = 0.0067). However, no significant association was found between IL2RA (ss52580101C>A) polymorphism and T1D patients (2% vs. 4%, p = 0.41).
    Conclusion
    The results further support the association of T1D with >G SNP in the CTLA4 gene in the population of northwest of Iran. However, no significant relationship was observed between ss52580101C>A polymorphism of IL2RA gene and T1D in this study.
    Keywords: CTLA4_IL2RA_SNP_Type 1 diabetes (T1D)
  • Farhad Kiafar, Mohammad Reza Siahi Shadbad, Hadi Valizadeh* Pages 195-201
    Introduction
    Optimization of filgrastim (G-CSF) (granulocyte colony stimulating factor) liposomes formulation prepared by the method of film hydration was the aim of this research.
    Methods
    To study the independent variables effects in the development of filgrastim (G-CSF) liposomes, method of factorial design was applied. The molar ratio of dipalmitoyl phophatidylcholine (DPPC) per cholesterol (Chol.) and hydration time were chosen as two independent factors. The dependent variables were encapsulation efficiency percent (EE %) and particle size (PS). Ultrafiltration method was applied for separation of un-encapsulated protein. RP-HPLC method was employed for analysis of G-CSF.
    Results
    Application of response surface methodology (RSM) in formulation of filgrastim liposomes and the obtained results for responses including particle size and EE % showed that the main effective independent variable was DPPC/Chol molar ratio. Different impacts of influencing parameters including interaction and individual effects were checked employing a mathematical method for obtaining desired liposomes. Optimum liposomal formulations were established using this method for enhancing their characteristics. Average percent errors (APEs) were 3.86% and 3.27% for predicting EE % and PS, respectively which reflect high model ability in this regard.
    Conclusion
    It is concluded that observed and predicted values regarding PS and EE % were consistent and this model is efficient enough in prediction of the mentioned characteristics while preparing filgrastim (G-CSF) liposomes.
    Keywords: Central composite design, Filgrastim (G, CSF), Liposomes, Response surface methodology
  • Nimgampalle Mallikarjuna, Kukkarasapalli Praveen, Kuna Yellamma* Pages 203-209
    Introduction
    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, clinically characterized by memory dysfunction and progressive loss of cognition. No curative therapeutic or drug is available for the complete cure of this disease. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 in ATPases activity in the selected brain regions of rats induced with Alzheimer’s.
    Methods
    For the study, 48 healthy Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group I as control group, group II as AD model (AD induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-Galactose, 120 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks), group III as normal control rats which were orally administered only with Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 for 60 days, and group IV where the AD-induced rats simultaneously received oral treatment and Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 (10ml/kg body weight, 12×108 CFU/mL) for 60 days. The well known membrane bound transport enzymes including Na, K+ATPases, Ca2+ATPases, and Mg2+ATPases were assayed in the selected brain regions of hippocampus and cerebral cortex in all four groups of rats at selected time intervals.
    Results
    Chronic injection of D-Galactose caused lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the damage of neurons in the brain, finally bringing a significant decrease (-20%) in the brain total membrane bound ATPases over the controls. Contrary to this, treatment of AD-induced rats with Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 reverted all the constituents of ATPase enzymes to near normal levels within 30 days.
    Conclusion
    Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC1325 exerted a beneficial action on the entire ATPases system in AD-induced rat brain by delaying neurodegeneration.
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Lactobacillus plantarum, ATPases, D-Galactose
  • Mohammad Hossein Biglu*, Parvaneh Abotalebi, Mostafa Ghavami* Pages 211-217
    Introduction
    Breast cancer is one of the highest reasons of deaths for people in the world. The objective of current study is to analyze and visualize the trend of global scientific activities in the field of breast cancer during a period of 10 years through 2006-2015.
    Methods
    The current study was performed by utilizing the scientometrics analysis and mapping the co-authorship and co-organization networks. The Web of Science Core Collection (WoS-CC) database was used to extract all papers indexed as a topic of breast cancer through 2006 to 2015. Research productivity was measured through analysis several parameters, including: the number and time course of publications, the journal and language of publications, the frequency and type of publications, as well as top 20 active sub-categories together with country contribution. The extracted data were transferred into the Excel charts and plotted as diagrams. The Science of Science (Sci2) and CiteSpace softwares were used as tools for mapping the co-authorship and co-organization networks of the published papers.
    Results
    Analysis of data indicated that the number of publications in the field of breast cancer has linearly increased and correlated with the time-course of the study. The number of publication indexed in WoS-CC in 2015 was two times greater than that of 2006, which reached from 15 229 documents in 2006 to 30 667 documents in 2015. English Language accounted for 98% of total publications as the most dominant language. The vast majority of publication's type was in the form of original journal articles (64.7%). Based on Bradford scatterings law, the journal of "Cancer Research" was the most productive journal among the core journals, while the USA, China, and England were the most prolific countries in the field. The co-organization network indicated the dominant role of Harvard University in the field.
    Conclusion
    The integrity of network indicated that scientists in the field of breast cancer working collaboratively to tackle the number one threat in women health.
    Keywords: Breast cancer, Co-authorship, Co-organization, Publication network, Scientometrics analysis
  • Inna Garmasheva*, Nadezhda Kovalenko, Sergey Voychuk, Andriy Ostapchuk, Olena Livinska, Ljubov Oleschenko Pages 219-223
    Introduction
    Application of lactic acid bacteria for synthesis of silver (AG) nanoparticles (NPs) could be a good ecological friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. The objective of this study was to investigate the biosynthesis of silver NPs using Lactobacillus strains and to compare their monosaccharide composition of capsular exopolysaccharides and the antibacterial activity of synthesized nanoparticles.
    Methods
    The washed cells of 22 Lactobacillus strains were used for in vitro silver nanoparticle biosynthesis from silver nitrate solution. The NPs formation was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. TEM micrographs were used for the evaluation of NPs size. The monosaccharide composition of capsular exopolysaccharides was determined using GC/MS analysis. The antimicrobial activity was determined by agar well diffusion assay.
    Results
    The capsular layers of Lactobacillus strains contained heteropolysaccharides that were composed mostly of glucose, mannose, galactose and rhamnose in a different molar ratio. It was found that Ag NPs with large size (30.65 ± 5.81 nm) obtained from L. acidophilus 58p were more active against S. epidermidis, E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. flexneri and S. sonnei compared with Ag NPs from L. plantarum 92T (19.92 ± 3.4 nm).
    Conclusion
    The size and antibacterial activities of Ag NPs were strain-dependent and such characteristics may be due to the capsular biopolymer composition of Lactobacillus strains used for Ag NPs synthesis.
    Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Lactic acid bacteria, Nanobiotechnology, Opportunistic pathogens, Silver nanoparticles
  • Jaleh Barar, Mohammad A. Rafi, Mohammad M. Pourseif, Yadollah Omidi* Pages 225-248
    Introduction
    Desired clinical outcome of pharmacotherapy of brain diseases largely depends upon the safe drug delivery into the brain parenchyma. However, due to the robust blockade function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), drug transport into the brain is selectively controlled by the BBB formed by brain capillary endothelial cells and supported by astrocytes and pericytes.
    Methods
    In the current study, we have reviewed the most recent literature on the subject to provide an insight upon the role and impacts of BBB on brain drug delivery and targeting.
    Results
    All drugs, either small molecules or macromolecules, designated to treat brain diseases must adequately cross the BBB to provide their therapeutic properties on biological targets within the central nervous system (CNS). However, most of these pharmaceuticals do not sufficiently penetrate into CNS, failing to meet the intended therapeutic outcomes. Most lipophilic drugs capable of penetrating BBB are prone to the efflux functionality of BBB. In contrast, all hydrophilic drugs are facing severe infiltration blockage imposed by the tight cellular junctions of the BBB. Hence, a number of strategies have been devised to improve the efficiency of brain drug delivery and targeted therapy of CNS disorders using multimodal nanosystems (NSs).
    Conclusions
    In order to improve the therapeutic outcomes of CNS drug transfer and targeted delivery, the discriminatory permeability of BBB needs to be taken under control. The carrier-mediated transport machineries of brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) can be exploited for the discovery, development and delivery of small molecules into the brain. Further, the receptor-mediated transport systems can be recruited for the delivery of macromolecular biologics and multimodal NSs into the brain.
    Keywords: Blood-brain barrier, Brain drug delivery, Brain drug targeting, Carrier-mediated transport, Endocytosis, Receptor-mediated transport, Transcytosis
  • Sina Raeisi, Amir Ghorbanihaghjo*, Hassan Argani, Siavoush Dastmalchi, Babollah Ghasemi, Teimour Ghazizadeh, Nadereh Rashtchizadeh, Mehran Mesgari Abbasi, Nasrin Bargahi, Mahboob Nemati, Ali Mota, Amir Mansour Vatankhah Page 249
    This paper1 was simultaneously submitted by the authors to "Transplantation" journal under the title "The Effects of Valsartan on Renal Klotho Expression and Oxidative stress in Alleviation of Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity" and was accepted for publication in that journal. On the basis of BioImpacts policy in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), any duplicate submission is considered as an ethical misconduct. The accepted manuscript in Transplantation shared considerable overlapping text and data (identical images and materials) with the published paper1 in BioImpacts. The Editor-in-Chief of BioImpacts, Prof. Y. Omidi, was alerted by the Editor-in-Chief of Transplantation, Prof. Jeremy R. Chapman, on such duplication. A comprehensive investigation through comparison of both papers was conducted by the editorial office of BioImpacts along with the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS) under Prof. M. R. Rashidi, who also acts as Director-in-Charge of BioImpacts and TUOMS Vice Chancellor of Research and Technology Affairs. As a result, they decided to retract this paper in line with the COPE recommendations. The authors were informed and advised on this serious ethical breach. Therefore, the paper is retracted at the request of authors, the aforementioned committee and the Editor-in-Chief of BioImpacts, even though the corresponding author believed that two papers were different in their aims, studied animals, and factors. By the way, they apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused. One of the conditions of submission of a paper to BioImpacts is that authors declare explicitly that "This manuscript has been exclusively submitted to this journal and is not under review or accepted for publication elsewhere". As such, this paper represents abuse of the scientific publishing system. As a peer-review multidisciplinary international "Publish Free" and "Access Free" journal, BioImpacts strongly adheres to the "Publication Ethics", and its foremost goal is to preserve the integrity of the scientific reports in the highest standards, therefore the journal takes all issues of publication misconduct seriously.