مجله پژوهش های راهبردی مسائل اجتماعی ایران
سال ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 19، زمستان 1396)

Smuggling of petroleum products had many obvious and hidden issues that impact on the community. Fuel smuggling is undoubtedly harmful consequences on the society. Minab people experience the past few years the phenomenon of smuggling of fuel. It is necessary to adopt appropriate decision to control of this phenomenon. This study examines the social and economic consequences of fuel smuggling as a new phenomenon in Minab city by qualitative analysis. Data was collected using semi-structured interview techniques and data analysis use based on Grounded theory. Based on purposive sampling and theoretical saturation criterion, the interviewe was conducted with 18 informants involved in Smuggling of petroleum products. After analyzing the interviews, Categories business boom in the region, traffic insecurity, luxury and comfort seeking, income gaps, environmental hazards, destruction of institutional trust, undermining work culture, financial corruption, illegality and reduction social problems were extracted. These findings can provide a clear picture of the consequences of the phenomenon of smuggling of fuel.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing cheating among students of higher education institutions in Rasht. The method used for descriptive survey was carried out completely. The population of the city of Rasht higher education institutions include the University of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University and the University of Payam Noor. Independent variables anxiety, positive attitude towards fraud, teaching methods and course content and the dependent variable are committing fraud. In analyzing the results of the survey questions indicated that based on multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), ANOVA and T-Test, students who had more anxiety exams and students. In the age group 24-18 years have been more than other students to have fraud; attitude to fraud, type of discipline and gender of the students in terms of variables such attempted fraud had no significant difference.In general, the issue of fraud can be studied from several aspects: individual factors (character), internal factors (long-term effects of family environment and education) and Sakhtary.bh factors seem to be taking into account the results obtained in this study, actions that lead to change their attitude towards fraud, can be constructive social norms replace destructive norm among the students.

Delinquent tendencies and behavior similar any other normal behaviors are learned on a set of interactions and communication individuals have; and in an era where most of individual's interactions and communication are mediated by a range of different media, the study of media role on deviant tendencies and behaviors is essential. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mass and interactive media usage and tendency to delinquency among the high school students in Bastak city. A survey was conducted, a sample of 401 students (200 boys & 201 girls) from Bastak's high schools was selected randomly and the data was gathered by questionnaire.
The results showed that there are significant correlations between the quantity and content of media usage and student's delinquent tendencies. So that, there was a direct and significant correlations between satellite television's programs, violent and exciting content in domestic television, exciting and violent games with student's delinquent tendencies.

Safety is the most important Characteristic of public spaces and a prerequisite for citizens to attend in actively utilize these spaces. On the other hand, it is a right for general public to live in secure cities and an obligation for states to provide their citizens with a safe ambience. This article reports the findings of a survey on 300 public spaces in Mashhad in regard with safety. Also the findings of a field research with a sample of 1000 women concerning their safety feeling in urban public spaces are presented. The observed spaces includes parks, city bridges, underpasses and main traffic routes which were evaluated on the basis of physical, symbolic and social dimensions of safety. The findings indicate that underpasses and private passenger transporters are the most insecure situations from respondents point of view. Parks and the area around the interviewees Location fall in the second place. The respondents evaluated buses, Pedestrian bridges and cabs the safest places they have experienced. The deserves special attention is the low level of moral security as around half the respondents feel they are exposed to molestation, being kidnapped so on.The researcher concludes with some suggestion for improving safety in public city spaces.

Social participation represents different types of individual and group actions in order to influence the decision-making processes for public affairs.The subjective dimension of participation is the tendency to social participation creating trust and other underlying factors in people as a result; and the objective dimension of social participation appears as membership, supervision, performance and decision-making to represent an objective relationship between them. It seems that existence and consolidation of different dimensions of security plays an important role in consolidation of two subjective and objective aspects of social participation of citizens.
The current study aims to assess the role of sense of security in enhancement of social participation of citizens in Shiraz with prioritizing the effective factors. The study is fulfilled according to its descriptive-analytical and survey methodology during which, the theoretical foundations of study have been analyzed at first in order to reach the main goal. Then, a questionnaire is scrutinized in order to consider the role of security idea in participation of citizens in Shiraz, and is distributed among 256 people of statistical population. SPSS software and T-Test method are used to analyze data and consider the role of security. The findings of study show that sense of security, among other factors such as effectiveness, role-playing, incitation, appropriateness, protection, trust, information and education, responsibility, belonging and attachment, condition and invitation; prepares citizens more for social participation and motivation. In addition, this manuscript presents some guidelines, strategies and policies to improve social participation based on effective factors.