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Nursing and Midwifery Studies - Volume:6 Issue: 4, Oct-Dec 2017

Nursing and Midwifery Studies
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Oct-Dec 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/10/27
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Naser Parizad, Sahar Dalvand, Mozhdeh Zarei, Mohammad Farajzadeh, Maryam Karami, Kourosh Sayehmiri Page 1
    Background
    Many nurses experience job stress in their workplace. Given the wide range of differences in the statistics about job stress among nurses, the question that arises is what is the general prevalence of job stress among Iranian nurses?
    Objective
    The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of job stress among Iranian nurses through meta-analysis. Persian and English databases including SID, MagIran, IranMedex, Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, and PubMed were searched by using the keywords such as “job stress, occupational stress, work-related stress, job related stress” and their combinations and 30 articles were finally selected. All the observational research articles that had information regarding the prevalence of job-related stress, sample size, and job stress instruments were entered into the meta-analysis. The form used to extract information included variables such as the first author's name, publication year, the place where the study had been carried out, type of the study, sample size, data collection instruments, and the most important findings.
    Results
    The general prevalence of job stress was estimated to be 69% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 0.58–0.79) based on the report of 30 papers with sample size of 4630. By region, type of hospital and the type of study, the highest prevalence of nurse's job stress was 90% (CI 95%: 0.85–0.96) in region one (Provinces of Alborz, Tehran, Qazvin, Mazandaran, Semnan, Golestan, and Qom), 70% (CI 95%: 0.60–0.80) in public and private hospitals, and 79% (CI 95%: 0.58–1.01) in studies where the type of study had not been mentioned.
    Conclusion
    Given the high prevalence of job stress among nurses, developing programs to reduce nurse's job-related stress seems to be essential.
    Keywords: Iran, Job stress, Meta‑analysis, Nurse, Prevalence
  • Nehle Parandavar, Khadijeh Abdali, Sara Keshtgar, Masoumeh Emamghoreishi, Seddegheh Amooee, Leili Mosalanejad Page 2
    Background
    Menopause is associated with alterations in women's behaviors and sexual function. Altered sexual function can in turn causes serious health problems for women and negatively affect their marital relationships.
    Objective
    This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on the sexual function of postmenopausal women.
    Methods
    This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was made in 2012–2013 on 240 postmenopausal women who aged 40–60 and referred to public obstetrics and gynecology clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Participants were randomly divided into a melatonin and placebo group. Women in the melatonin and the placebo groups, respectively, received melatonin (3-mg tablets) and placebo for 3 consecutive months. Before and every 1 month during the intervention, participant's sexual function was assessed using Female Sexual Function Index. The repeated measures analysis of variance, the least significant difference, the independent sample t test, the Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were done for data analysis.
    Results
    Sexual function mean score in the melatonin and placebo groups significantly increased from 12.49 ± 7.07 to 20.72 ± 8.57 and from 12.11 ± 7.82 to 15.55 ± 9.06, respectively. Yet, the amount of increase in the melatonin group was significantly higher than the placebo group. Moreover, there were significant differences between the groups regarding the variations of sexual function mean score across the four assessment points (P
    Conclusion
    Melatonin significantly improves sexual function among postmenopausal women.
    Keywords: Melatonin, Menopause, Sexual desire, Sexual function, Sexual satisfaction, Women
  • Shokoh Varaei, Fatemeh Bakhshi, Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini, Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh, Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi Page 3
    Background
    There is limited data about the effects of smoking cessation (SC) strategies among the candidates for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to compare the effects of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and nursing counseling (NC) on SC among the candidates for CABG.
    Methods
    This randomized controlled trial was made in the heart center of Afshar hospital, Yazd, Iran. Sixty candidates for elective bypass graft were recruited and were randomly allocated either to a NC or a NRT group. Study interventions were implemented from 3 weeks before to 3 weeks after the surgery. Before and after hospitalization for the surgery, patients in the counseling group received telephone counseling while during their 1-week hospital stay, they received face-to-face counseling. Patients in the NRT group received nicotine gums before and after hospitalization and were treated with nicotine patches during their 1-week hospital stay. Data were collected through three questionnaires. The Chi-square and the independent-sample t tests were run to analyze the data.
    Results
    SC rate in the counseling group was significantly higher than the NRT group (63.3% vs. 33.3%; P = 0.038). Moreover, cessation rate among the participants with lower nicotine dependency was significantly greater than those with moderate-to-severe dependency (P = 0.01).
    Conclusion
    NC is more effective than NRT in improving SC rate among the candidates for CABG.
    Keywords: Coronary artery bypass graft, Counseling, Nicotine replacement therapy, Nurse, Smoking cessation
  • Mousa Alavi, Houshang Molavi, Razieh Molavi Page 4
    Background
    No study is available on the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on self-esteem and quality of life (QOL) of amputee elderly patients.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to examine the effects of CBT on self-esteem and QOL of hospitalized amputee elderly patients.
    Methods
    A randomized controlled trial was carried out on a sample of 64 amputee elderly patients. The subjects were selected consecutively and then were randomly assigned into either the experimental or the control groups (32 patients in each group). The data collection instrument consisted of a demographic data form, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and the short form of the World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Patients in the intervention group participated in six sessions of CBT and the control group received routine care. At the start and after the 3rd week, all patients answered the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the WHOQOL-short form. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and t- tests were used to analyze the data.
    Results
    No significant differences were found between the intervention and the control groups regarding their baseline mean scores of self-esteem and QOL. The observed changes in the QOL and self-esteem of the control group were not statistically significant. However, significant statistical differences were observed between all mean differences in the two groups that indicate the positive effect of the intervention.
    Conclusion
    The CBT employed in the present study could significantly improve the self-esteem and QOL in amputee elderly patients. The same protocol is suggested to be added into the rehabilitation process for amputee elderly patients.
    Keywords: Elderly, Quality of life, Self‑esteem
  • Toktam Kianian, Ali Navidia, Fahimeh Aghamohamadi, Saman Saber Page 5
    Background
    Physical activity is among the most significant factors behind sleep quality. However, there are limited data on the effects of different types of physical activity on sleep quality.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to compare the effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on sleep quality among male nonathlete students.
    Methods
    As a three-group randomized controlled trial, this study was done on ninety male nonathlete nursing students of Zahedan Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran. Students were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise, an anaerobic exercise, and a control group. For 10 consecutive weeks, students in the aerobic and the anaerobic groups respectively attended aerobic and anaerobic exercise programs thrice a week. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance, the Tukey's post hoc, the Chi-square, and the paired-sample t-tests.
    Results
    At baseline, the mean scores of sleep quality in the aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise, and control groups were 4.06 ± 3.62, 4.56 ± 4.93, and 4.50 ± 4.01, respectively (P = 0.98). However, after the intervention, these values significantly changed to 2.03 ± 2.96, 1.96 ± 3.60, and 4.66 ± 4.16, respectively (P = 0.008). Pairwise between-group comparisons showed that the mean scores of sleep quality in both intervention groups were significantly lower than the control group (P 0.05).
    Conclusion
    Exercise, either aerobic or anaerobic, significantly improves sleep quality among male nonathlete students.
    Keywords: Aerobic, Anaerobic, Exercise, Sleep quality, Students