نشریه راهبردهای کارآفرینی در کشاورزی
پیاپی 7 (بهار و تابستان 1396)

Organizational entrepreneurship is the process by which organizations identify opportunities for growth and development and create new value for customers through innovation and reallocation of resources. Meanwhile, the structural indicators are the crucial and influential factors on the development of the organizational entrepreneurship process. The purpose of the present research is the verification and ranking of the effective structural indicators on organizational entrepreneurship process in Mazandaran fisheries organization. This study, in terms of research purposes, is an applied research and the used method in this study, in terms of data collection, is the descriptive-survey. Statistical population of the present study includes the experts and experienced professionals in Mazandaran fisheries organization. In the present study, by means of literature review, the effective structural indicators on organizational entrepreneurship were identified. Data collection was conducted using Delphi and paired comparisons questionnaires, and data analysis was done using Fuzzy Delphi method and FAHP. Results of the experts' opinions analysis indicated that among the 16 extracted indicators from research literature, only seven indicators are recognized as influential factors on the entrepreneurship process. Using FAHP, then, the indicators ranked as following: organizational structure (0.507); organizational strategy (0.279); reward systems (0.110); strategies and organizational policies (0.071); human resources system (0.020); organization financial system (0.010); and information resources system (0.004). The managers of this organization, according to these results, must establish a dynamic and flexible structure toward creation and innovation development, and consequently, entrepreneurship encouragement. They must endeavor to take steps to reach a strong and common entrepreneurial strategic vision between themselves and their staffs.

Although a relatively neglected topic within the entrepreneurship and creativity literature, personal turbulence has been suggested to account for emergence of new ventures, intention to start a new business and opportunity recognition. On the basis of the predominant impact of personal turbulence on various crucial aspects of the entrepreneurial process, some scholars contend that personal turbulence will also offer a promising lens for gaining insights into entrepreneurs' creativity. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to investigating the role of personal turbulence in Entrepreneurial Opportunities Recognition in agricultural sector of Kermanshah province. The statistical population of this study consisted of all entrepreneurs in agricultural sector of Kermanshah province, that 102 of whom were selected by simple random sampling method. The instrument was a questionnaire that validity and reliability were confirmed by the panel of experts and Kuder- Richardson coefficients. The results of this study showed that entrepreneurial opportunities in agricultural sector was recognized correctly and successfully by entrepreneurs, because they investigated the feasibility, desirability and the degree of alignment between an opportunity’s specific means of supply and a target market at the high level. In addition, findings showed that only 37.3% of the entrepreneurs in this study, before the start of entrepreneurial business and the recognition of agricultural entrepreneurship opportunities in their personal life were confronted with turbulence. The results of regression analysis indicated that the personal turbulence was able to explain 18% of variation variances in the entrepreneurship opportunities recognition in agricultural sector of Kermanshah province. The main implication of this study is to encourage policymakers, planners and managers to create a sense of self-esteem in villagers and farmers to take advantage of the huge potential of the agricultural sector.

TThe purpose of this study was to investigate educational needs of citrus gardeners to improve business. The population of this study included 98 Citrus gardeners in Sari, in 2017, which had at least one hectare of citrus gardens and did not attend any training course, all of which were selected as samples. In order to assess the educational needs, a questionnaire based on Borich Model was used. Its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and also its reliability was reported 0.86 (the Cronbach's alpha). Results showed that competencies such as: Citrus species selection, financing methods, internet business capabilities, soil nutrition elements, biological pest control, organic planting, business regulations and insurance regulations was noticed as the most important priority for education. Therefore, it is suggested that training courses should be implemented in accordance with the educational needs of gardeners.

Entrepreneurs are the engines of economic development and have a special place in agricultural development and especially in rural development. For this reason, one of the most important strategies that have been used by many countries in recent decades to develop rural areas is the development of agricultural entrepreneurship. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and prioritize the factors affecting the development of agricultural entrepreneurship in rural areas of Rostamkola. The library and field research method was used and the indices and statistical data were gathered through a questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of sample farmers and entrepreneurs in the mountain village and a sample of 150 students of households in the study area in 1395 were selected using random sampling method using Cochran formula. The results indicate that the index of social factors with an average of 2.84, the most effective and index of environmental factors with a mean of 1.93 is the least effective factor among the factors affecting entrepreneurship. The institutional and Economical factors are ranked second and third respectively. Overall, the results showed that factors such as having grouping spirit and the existence of communication and social network among the villagers, trust, initiative, individual creativity and high motivation have had the most impact on the development of rural entrepreneurship and increasing the level of entrepreneurial skills of villagers. Therefore, it is necessary to create educational, advisory, and entrepreneurial counseling centers in order to provide expert advice and utilize the entrepreneurial talents of villagers.

Education is one of the most important determinants of people's ability to succeed in their job as well as improve their well-being. Also, evaluation is one of the most important stages of educational planning, and the correct implementation of it provides useful information for improving educational programs. Effectiveness is one of the most important aspects of evaluation in which the success of the program is evaluated according to its goals. This research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a training course on Vermicompost production based on experimental research in Agricultural Jihad Department of Pasargad Township, Fars province in 2013. The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by some experts from Fars Agricultural Education Complex and scientific board of agricultural extension and education in Shiraz University, also, the range of Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the questionnaire scales (from 0.72 to 0.78) indicates the reliability of the measurement tool. Research results showed the main motivation of individuals to participate in the course were increasing information and improving the quantity and quality of agricultural products. The degree of satisfaction of the participants in three dimensions; satisfaction from the teacher, satisfaction with the method and content of the training, and the satisfaction of the facilities and the duration of the training was higher than the average. Comparing the mean of attitude and knowledge about the production of vermicompost before and after the course showed a significant difference between them and after the course participants had a higher attitude and knowledge. Based on the results, had not paid special attention to individuals' need assessment. Therefore, it is suggested that measures have been taken to perform this need assessment for time, location and subject of educational classes periodically in different areas.

Purpose of this study was"Analysis the Role playing of Agricultural and Natural Resources Engineering Organization (ANREO) in the development of entrepreneurship among agricultural and natural resources sciences graduates in Khorramabad Township, Lorestan province.This qualitative research by Grounded theory (GT) in 2017. The statistical population in this research was the 24 members of this organization and through snowball sampling .Initially, the "mechanisms" were determined using the Glaser & Strauss patterns.Then, using the MAXQDA12 software, the main and secondary categories were extracted. The study continued on the basis of Strauss & Corbin's paradigmatic model. The results showed that this organization could be more successful if it performed the following: By introducing entrepreneurs to the relevant institutions for contracting for the sale of their products, introducing the Small low credit enterprises, Needs assessment of members in field of related entrepreneurship subjects, providing consultative services to Proper loan.

TThe purpose of this research is to identify the entrepreneurial opportunities for the rural tourism industry in Mazandaran province in order to answer the question of what the appropriate fields of investment and rural tourism potentials in Mazandaran province are. The methodology used in this research is of a descriptive nature and is based on developmental purposes. Accordingly, a combined approach was used in order to conduct this research and opportunity identification as well. As a research tool in the qualitative research section, semi-structured interviews with managers, economics activists in tourism industry and university scholars of the province were used to identify the livelihood opportunities of Mazandaran province. At this stage, nine experts from the province were identified by a targeted method and the semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. After completing the interview process, the first stage of the open source codification was based on oral statements and in the second stage, the coding was done axially and 17 axial codes were extracted. In the third stage of dimension identification, five dimensions including gardening and greenhouses, breeding and catching fish, packing and conversion industries, livestock and poultry, and cultural and residential dimensions were identified. Considering the qualitative aspect of the research, sampling method was done purposefully in this study. Regarding its quantitative aspect, based on the model extracted from the interviews and using a snowball sampling method, a questionnaire consisting of 55 questions was designed and provided to the statistical community of the research. Data were analyzed by a PLS software, and the findings of this study showed that cultural and residential opportunity was identified as the first rural tourism opportunity in Mazandaran province.