فهرست مطالب

Catalysis - Volume:8 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

Iranian Journal of Catalysis
Volume:8 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/01/29
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
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  • Zakaria Benzekribe, Houda Serrar, Abdelkebir Zarguil, Said Boukhris *, Abdelaziz Souizi Pages 1-7
    A convenient, simple and green process for the synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazole and 1,2,4,5-tetraaryl-1H-imidazole derivatives using snail shell, which is abundant in Morocco, as a catalyst in ethanol at 40 °C has been developed. Additionally, short reaction times, excellent yields, simple procedure and relative non-toxicity of the catalyst are other noteworthy advantages and make this method an interesting alternative to other methodologies. Finally, this solid catalyst can be recovered and reused at least seven times with negligible loss in activity. The catalyst has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and measuring the specific surface.
    Keywords: Heterogeneous catalysis, Green catalysts, Snail shell, 1, 5-tetraaryl-1H-imidazole, 2, 4, 5-triaryl-1H-imidazole
  • Javad Safaei-Ghomi *, Hossein Shahbazi-Alavi, Seyed Hadi Nazemzadeh Pages 9-16
    A rapid and efficient method for the synthesis of bis-thiazolidinones has been achieved by pseudo five-component reaction of aldehydes, ethylenediamine and thioglycolic acid in the presence of nano-NiZr4(PO4)6 as catalyst under microwave irradiation. Nano-NiZr4(PO4)6 has been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FT-IR spectroscopy. In this research, microwave irradiation is used as a green and complementary technique for preparation of bis-thiazolidinones. Use of simple and readily available starting materials, excellent yields, short reaction times, reusability of the catalyst, low amount of catalyst and using of microwave as clean method are some advantages of this protocol.
    Keywords: Bis-thiazolidinones, Nano-NiZr4(PO4)6, Five-component, Microwave irradiation, Nanocatalyst
  • Seyed Ali Hosseini, Mansor Akbari *, Jalil Nikbakht Pages 17-27
    This study focuses on the application of nanostructured Mg-Al layered double hydroxide as a promising adsorbent in desulfurization of dibenzothiophene, an aromatic sulfur bearing compound from gasoil model. The Mg-Al LDH was synthesized by a co-precipitation method and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, EDX and SEM. The XRD and FT-IR approved the layered structure and crystalline form of the adsorbent, the EDX showed the material content in synthesized adsorbent and SEM approved the nanostructure of the synthesized LDH. Four factors were selected as effective factors of desulfurization process. The optimum state of the factors, including calcination temperature of Mg-Al LDH, dibenzothiophene concentration, adsorbent amount and treatment times selected as the 600 ˚C, 50 ppm, 0.1 mg and 120 min, respectively and the highest desulfurization percentage reached to 73.24%.
    Keywords: Layered double hydroxides, Design of experiment, modeling, Desulfurization, Nanostructure, Oil derivatives
  • Rahman Hosseinzadeh*, Zahra Lasemi, Farzaneh Maliji Pages 29-33
    Montmorillonite KSF has been used as an effective and non-toxic heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles via [3] cycloaddition of sodium azide with a wide variety of nitriles. The reaction afforded high yields of the desired products in a short reaction time under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and reused for more consecutive trials without a significant decrease in activity. To avoid using toxic catalyst and catalyst recycling make this synthesis a truly green procedure.
    Keywords: Tetrazoles, [3+2] Cycloaddition, Sodium azide, Montmorillonite KSF, Nitriles, Heterogeneous catalyst
  • Azita Farrokhi *, Issa Yavari, Keivan Ghodrati Pages 35-39
    The four-component Hantzsch condensation reaction of dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate, ammonium acetate, and various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amount of a magnetic nanoparticle-supported tribromide, as a green catalyst, under solvent‐free conditions at 80 °C affords functionalized 5-oxo-hexahydroquinolines in good to excellent yields. The magnetic Fe3O4-SiO2-(CH2)3N㇭솯–, was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The method offers several advantages including high yields, short reaction time, simple work-up procedure and catalyst reusability for several runs. The catalyst could be readily separated by using a magnetic force and reused six times without any significant loss of catalytic activity.
    Keywords: Magnetically retrievable, Heterogeneous catalysis, Nanohybrid, Hantzsch condensation, 5-Oxo-hexahydroquinolines, Solvent-free
  • Rohollah Ezzati * Pages 41-46
    In this work, kinetics and thermodynamics of esterification reaction were studied. This research investigated the esterification reaction between methanol and acidified oil catalyzed by sulfonated cation exchange resin and proposed a new rate equation for consideration of kinetics of this reaction according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. Thermodynamics and kinetics parameters were calculated according to this equation. The results of this study showed that this new equation was a reasonable equation for kinetics study of the esterification reaction. Also, kinetics parameters were calculated for this reaction. Activation energy and Arrhenius pre-exponential factor were equal to and respectively.
    Keywords: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Esterification, Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism
  • Ahmad Nakhaei *, Abolghasem Davoodnia, Sepideh Yadegarian Pages 47-52
    Core–shell zirconia-coated magnetite nanoparticle bearing sulfonic acid groups (nano-Fe3O4@ZrO2-H3PO4) have been prepared and used as an efficient acid catalyst in the synthesis of fluoroquinolons by the direct amination of 7-halo-6- fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids with variety of piperazine derivatives and (4aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridine. The reaction was carried out in the ordinary or magnetized water as a solvent. In the final outcomes, the nano-Fe3O4@ZrO2-SO3H showed good catalytic performance in the both forms of water. However, the magnetized water showed better results. Therefore, this new procedure provides prompt achievement to the appropriate products with acceptable yields in water as a green solvent at reflux situations with an easy work‐up process. Furthermore, the catalyst was recyclable and could be reused at least three times without any discernible loss in its catalytic activity.
    Keywords: Fluoroquinolones, Fast, green synthesis, Fe3O4@ZrO2-SO3H, Ordinary water, Magnetized water
  • Vahid Nabatchi Ahmadi, Masoud Mokhtary* Pages 53-58
    An efficient synthesis of chromenylphenylpropanone derivatives as warfarine-like analogues was developed by the Michael addition of 4-hydroxycoumarin to α,β-unsaturated compounds in the presence of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone supported antimony(III) chloride (PVPP-SbCl3) as a new polymeric Lewis acid catalyst in chloroform at reflux conditions without formation of 2,4-diarylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5(4H)-ones. The synthesized compounds were identified by FT-IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone supported antimony(III) chloride was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Clean methodologies, simple preparation of the catalyst, good yields, environmentally friendly and reusable catalyst are some advantages of this work.
    Keywords: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, Chromenylphenylpropanones, α, β-Unsaturated compounds, 4-Hydroxycoumarin, Antimony trichloride
  • Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani *, Hoda Mollabagher, Parisa Gholamzadeh, Alireza Badiei, Fatemeh Yazdian Pages 59-67
    SBA-15 was prepared and then functionalized with N-methyl-N’-propyltrimethoxysilyl imidazolium chloride as ionic liquid moiety. The ionic liquid functionalized SBA-15 (SBA-IL) was characterized by different analytical techniques including FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption, TGA and SEM image. According to the obtained results it was found that the organic groups were grafted onto the pores of SBA-15 because its pore size and BET surface dropped after modification step. Then, it was used as an efficient nanoreactor in the synthesis of biologically active henna based benzochromene derivatives under solvent‐free conditions. Consequently, the catalyst acted efficiently under solvent free system and gave the products in high yields and short reaction times. Some of the obtained products exhibited antibacterial activities as well as tetracycline.
    Keywords: SBA-IL, 2-Hydroxy-1, 4-naphtoquinone, Lawsone, Solvent?free reaction, Multicomponent reaction, Henna based benzochromenes
  • Meysam Yarie * Pages 69-72
    Meysam Yarie was born in 1987 in Malayer/ Hamedan, Iran. He received his B.Sc. in Applied Chemistry (2010) from Malek-Ashtar University of Technology and M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry (2012) from Kurdistan University under the supervision of Dr. Kamal Amani. He received his Ph.D. from Bu-Ali Sina University under the supervision of Professor Mohammad Ali Zolfigol. He is currently working towards his Post-Doctoral under the supervision of Professor Mohammad Ali Zolfigol at Bu-Ali Sina University. His research interest is the design, synthesis and characterization of task-specific catalysts and their applications in organic synthesis.
    Keywords: Spotlights, 2-Aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate