Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

To review the current knowledge of CAD/CAM in dentistry and its development in the mentioned field.
Sources: An electronic search was conducted across Ovid Medline, complemented by manual search across individual databases, such as Cochrane, Medline and ISI Web of Science databases and Google Scholar for literature analysis on the mentioned topic.
The studies were reviewed thoroughly. This paper summarizes the current scientific and clinical opinions through a brief overview regarding the preferred way of utilizing CAD/CAM in dentistry.
The importance of CAD/CAM systems has seen a dramatic development in the number of products and procedures over last decades, with a concomitant rise in publications on the topic. Literature suggests that using this technology permits carrying out dental treatments feasibly particularly for fixed dental appliances. Based on the previous findings, it is concluded that in office CAD/CAM technique appears to be the most common technique currently available, which is rapid, easy and keeps time. CAD/CAM systems are variable; therefore, using the right system with a logical approach for treating patients are quite mandatory.

Nowadays, the main focus of dental studies is on adhesive dental materials; since clinical long-term success of bonded restorations depended more on marginal microleakage minimization. So, the aim of this study was Evaluation of Diode laser irradiation effect on microleakage in class V composite restoration before and after adhesive application.
In this in vitro-experimental study, standard class V cavity was prepared on lingual and buccal surfaces of 60 premolar teeth. For evaluation of microleakage, 60 teeth were divided randomly into four groups A, B, C, D (n=15): A) primer adhesive (Clearfil TM SE Bond), B) primer Diode laser adhesive (940nm wave-length, 21J total energy, 0.7W power, 30s irradiation time) C) primer adhesive Diode laser D) primer Diode laser adhesive Diode laser. Then, restoration was completed by Z250 composite. For data analyzing, we used SPSS 16 software. For statistical analysis, we used Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis & Mann-Whitney tests at 0.05% significance level.
According to non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, microleakage scores had not significant difference before and after laser irradiation on gingival margins (p=0.116). But, in occlusal margins the results were significant among the groups (p=0.015). Also according to non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests among the occlusal microleakage scores, group B and D (Diode laser irradiation after primer and Diode laser irradiation after primer and adhesive) showed significant results.
This study findings showed that in 6th generation adhesives, Diode laser irradiation on self-etch primer before bonding have significant effect on reduction of occlusal marginal microleakage in class V cavities although there was no significant positive effect of Diode laser on gingival margins.

Detachment of denture teeth from denture base is one of the most common reasons for costly denture repairs .This study aimed at evaluating the bond strength of an acrylic denture tooth to polyamide injection-molded thermoplastic denture base material compared with three conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base resins.
A total of 40 acrylic denture molar teeth were randomly allocated into four groups (n=10) of heat-polymerized (HP), Auto-polymerized (AP), Injection molded (IM) and Polyamide thermoplastic (PT). All denture base/acrylic teeth combinations underwent 5000 thermal cycles (5-55◦C).Samples were subjected to shear bond strength test by a universal testing machine with a 1 mm/min crosshead speed .Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests(α=0.05).
Mean ±SD of shear bond strength values were (MPa) 4.82±1.21, 4.52±1.67, 3.7±0.84 and 4.13±2.21 for groups HP, AP, IM and PT respectively. No significant difference was found among the experimental groups (P=0.429).
Polyamide thermoplastic denture base resin was similar to conventional PMMA denture base materials in terms of bond strength to artificial denture teeth.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate surface topography of WaveOne Gold (WOG) and WaveOne (WO) files using SEM before and after use.
Twelve primary files from each system were scanned for surface defects before instrumentation at 100x and 750x. Each file was planned ti be used to instrument six root canals and then examined under SEM after preparing one, three and six canals at same magnifications. Data were scored and statistically analyzed using Mann Whitney and Friedman tests (p≤ 0.05).
Surface defects were detected in both study groups with higher values in WOG group before use. Surface defects significantly increased in both WO and WOG groups after use. WOG group showed significantly greater defects including metal strips, pitting, craters, micro-cracks and blunt edges (p≤ 0.05).
WaveOne Gold file has a different metallurgy due to it’s gold finish that does not enhance it’s resistance to surface defects during clinical use.

The purpose of this study was to compare dimensional changes of two types of auto polymerizing acrylic resin patterns (APARPs) in three different storing environments.
60 acrylic post and core patterns were made of two types of Duralay acrylic resins (Aria dent, Iran and Reliance, Dental Mfg. Co, USA) using a canine model. Then coronal, apical diameter and coronoapical length of patterns were measured. Afterwards, they were divided into two categories of 30 for each type of Duralay acrylic resin type. Each category was divided into three groups of ten randomly to immerse in three storage environments (Deconex®53plus Borer ChemieAG, Switzerland), Unident ® Impre(USF Healthcare S.A, Sweitzerland) and water. After one hour, three mentioned values were measured again. Data were analyzed by SPSS20 using t-test, paired t-test and ANOVA.
Results showed that there were no statistically difference (p value> 0.05) about all dimensions of auto polymerizing acrylic post and core patterns except apical diameter and coronoapical length of Dental Mfg. Co, USA in Deconex®53 plus.
The best environment to store Duralay APARPs with minimal changes was water and for disinfection, Deconex®53plus and Unident ® Imprecan showed acceptable properties with both of Duralay types.

This article describes the clinical procedures for a modified putty-wash impression technique. In this method, the hydraulic pressure induced from planned flowing the wash material from the inner surface of putty impression toward the vestibules pull over the gingival tissues covering the finishing line. This simple method reduces the need to using retraction cord in normal depth finishing line in the gingival sulcus.

Craniofacial skeletal metastasis is a rare presentation of advanced prostate cancer. This is a report of a 69-year-old man who presented with numbness of the right lower lip and recently ill-fitting lower denture. Based on the medical history of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and suspicion of a metastatic tumor, prostate core needle biopsy was performed. Histology of the prostate biopsy confirmed an adenocarcinoma with Gleason Score of 6/10. The diagnosis of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma was established by incisional biopsy from the mandibular lesion. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered along with bilateral orchidectomy and radiotherapy. He had a significant resolution of trigeminal nerve palsy and the other symptoms at subsequent follow-ups, but after 18 months passed away. The second case was a 65-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer since 5 years ago. He complained of painful swelling in the right side of the face. Radiographic evaluation revealed new bone formation in right mandibular ramus and condylar process as well as the left temporoparietal region. Incisional biopsy from mandibular lesion revealed metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. Palliative radiotherapy for increasing quality of life started for the patient but he died after 9 months. The related literatures were reviewed.

Nerve sheath myxoma has been described as a rare neural tumor arising from Schwann cells. It is observed most frequently in the central area of the face, neck and upper extremities. In the past the term neurothekeoma was used as synonym for nerve sheath myxoma but according to new reports, they are separate entities which can be confirmed by immunohistochemistry as in our case. Oral involvement of this tumor is extremely rare. Here, we present an unusual case of nerve sheath myxoma in the mandible of a 22-year old female patient. This case appears to be the first myxomatous variant which is centrally located in the mandible.