Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
Volume:2 Issue: 3, Summer 2013

Dental turbine chamber is a suitable reservoir for living microorganisms, so chamber sterilization is necessary for reducing cross contamination risk. On the other hand, in non-vacuum autoclaves, steam penetration into turbine chamber is doubtful, while they are still in use in dental clinics. In this study, performance of small non-vacuum autoclave in turbine chamber sterilization was evaluated. A total of 48 dental turbines were sterilized by large vacuum autoclaves. The turbin chamber cap was opened in aseptic enviroment and a strip contaminated with bacillus stearothermophilus endospores was placed into chamber and chamber cap was closed. Twelve dental turbines were loaded in each of four autoclaves (2 large pre-vacuum autoclaves, 2 bench top non-vacuum autoclaves) and sterilization process preformed according to the manufacturer''s instructions. After the sterilization cycle, the strips were transferred to culture medium and incubated at 56°C for 48 Hours. As control sample, a biologic indicator that had not been autoclaved was used for each group. Being loaded in different autoclaves, All 48 turbines were sterilized properly and all the cultures were negative. The culture results of four control indicators which were not sterilized, were positive. There was no difference between performance of vacuum and non-vacuum autoclaves in dental turbine chamber sterilization. Both types performed sterilization properly.

It is important to preserve epithelial and connective tissue attachment at its original level after periapical surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the periodontal parameters after using the papilla base flap and the sulcular full-thickness flap procedures. Fourteen healthy patients with no periodontal disease referred for surgical treatment of periapical lesions, were included in this study. Periodontal parameters were measured preoperatively and at one-month postoperative interval. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. A sulcular full-thickness flap procedure was performed in the first group and papilla base flap procedure in the second. Data were analyzed using t-test, Fisher''s exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. The sulcular full-thickness flap procedure resulted in a significant decrease in papilla height and an increase in recession of marginal gingiva compared to the papilla base flap technique. There were no significant differences between the two flap procedures in bleeding on probing, attachment loss, probing depth and gingival index. The use of papilla base flap technique is recommended to prevent opening of the inter-proximal space, aesthetic and biologic problems after apical surgery.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and dental development. The dental ages of 196 children were calculated according to Demirjian’s method. The chronological age, weight, and height were recorded. Dental development was defined as dental age minus chronological age. Children were classified into three groups according to their BMI: underweight, normal, or overweight and obese. We used One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation tests to analyze the data (significance level of 0.05). There was a significant correlation between BMI and dental development in the girls (P=0.03, r=0.205). There was not a significant correlation between BMI and dental development in the boys (P=0.08, r=0.18). There was not a significant difference between the mean dental development and BMI group in the girls (P=0.07). There was a significant difference between mean dental development in different BMI groups in the boys (P=0.018). Dental development in overweight and obese boys is significantly accelerated

Dry Socket (DS) is a common post-surgical complication following extraction of permanent teeth. Various risk factors has been mentioned for this complication including gender, age, amount of trauma during extraction, difficulty of extraction, inappropriate irrigation, infection, smoking, and oral contraceptive use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of DS among permanent teeth extraction in an Iranian Oral and Maxillofacial clinic and also to identify risk factors. This cross-sectional study performed at Mashhad Faculty of Dentistry between January 2009 and June 2009. Total of 785 patients who underwent non-surgical extraction of permanent teeth included in this study. A questionnaire with two sections designed to collect demographic, medical, and extraction-related data along with data regarding cases returning with DS. Data were reported descriptively and analyzed using Chi-square test with 95% confidence interval. Total of 1073 teeth included in this study. 46.11% of patients were male and 53.89% were female. The mean age of participants was 32.68 ± 17.63 years. Total of 31 patients (2.89%) were diagnosed with dry socket. Smoking and oral contraceptives intake had significant association with incidence of DS. In contrast, age, gender, medical status, tooth location, number of anesthetic carpules, anesthetic technique, pre-extraction antibiotic consumption, and academic year of students had no significant association with the incidence of DS. All cases with DS treated and were followed until resolution of DS. it is recommended to identify high risk groups (smokers and oral contraceptive takers) when performing extraction and to perform preventive measures in these group of patients to attenuate postoperative complications.

Maxillary canines have important roles in facial appearance, development of arch, and functional occlusion. Radiographs are important in evaluating the location and nature of these anomalies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate two types of 2D and 3D imaging technique in diagnosis and treatment of maxillary impacted canines. Thirty eight patients (50 impacted canines) were enrolled. An oral radiologist assessed all of patients’ panoramic radiographs and then cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to determine the presence of adjacent teeth root resorption, root dilacerations before dental extraction, dental rotation, and buccolingual localization ofimpacted canine crown and root contact with sinus and nasal cavity.Then using the patient’s radiographs the treatment plan of each impacted canine was determined by an orthodontist. Differences between panoramic radiography and CBCT in diagnosis of root resorption and dental rotation were significant. There was an agreement between panoramic radiographs and CBCT in localization of impacted teeth crown. Only the treatment plans of 20% of impacted canines were different between panoramic radiographs and CBCT and treatment plan of 80% of impacted teeth was similar. These results showed that 2D and 3D images of impacted maxillary canines can produce different diagnoses and treatment plans.

Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon developmental cyst. It accounts for 0.012% to 1.3% of all the jaw cysts; its prevalence is 0.17%. It was described by Gardner et al. in 1988 as a distinct entity. GOC has a slight predilection for mandible and affect more commonly in the middle-aged patients. Radiographic and clinical features of this cyst are not pathognomonic or specific. Only the histopathological examinations allow for certain diagnosis of the cyst. The increased recurrence rate can be due to cell kinetics in the lining epithelium, multilocularity and incomplete removal of the lining following conservative treatment. In this report, we describe a case of GOC of the mandible associated with impacted tooth. The clinical diagnosis of dentigerous cyst was made, whereas histopathological examination results in a diagnosis of glandular odontogenic cyst. Based on clinical and radiological examination the diagnosis of other lesions such as radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst, and ameloblastoma may be made but histologically GOC shows certain characteristic features.

In this case report, a mature third mandibular molar was transplanted in the socket of a hopeless first mandibular molar of the same quadrant. A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed with strip perforation of her left first lower molar. Orthograde and retrograde treatments were unsuccessful. The tooth was extracted and replaced by the third molar of the same quadrant. Following transplantation, the tooth was splinted and the soft tissue was sutured. Removing sutures and pulp extirpation were carried out one week later simultaneously while the splint was left for one month. Prior to root canal therapy completion, calcium hydroxide therapy was considered for the tooth. Root canal treatment was completed after 3 months and the tooth was restored. Despite presence of granulation tissue in the socket of the first molar and closed apex of the wisdom tooth, the 9-months follow up revealed that the treatment was successful and no signs and symptoms were detected. In clinical examination, probing depth was normal and the radiograph indicated no pathological changes. The tooth was not tender to percussion and the absence of metal sound was indicative of no replacement resorption.