فهرست مطالب

Persian Literary Studies - Volume:6 Issue: 9, Winter-Spring 2017

Persian Literary Studies Journal
Volume:6 Issue: 9, Winter-Spring 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/03/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Amir Pourrastegar, Bahee Hadaegh *, Marjan Daraee Pages 1-22

    The topic in question is concerned with the sociological aspect of literature referring to Iran’s literary and historical experience. The basis of sociological criticism is built on the premise that literary works are the products of social life and that a comprehensive understanding of a work without considering its social aspects is impractical. To reach a better, more scientific, and more precise understanding of Abul Fazl Beyhaqi’s social depiction, the social capital theory has been employed by the authors of this article. What is depicted in Mas‘ud Ghaznavi's age is revenge, demotion and distrust. Putnum's theory of social capital is studied from three aspects: social trust, social cooperation and interaction, and social support. It is then applied to the story of "Busahl Zuzani’s plot against Khwᾱrazm Shah Altuntᾱsh”. In conclusion, there appears some causes which, by creating mistrust, negative interaction, and demotion, decrease safety and social capital and this is clarified as only a counter-social capital in this adventure.By analyzing Robert Putnam’s social capital theory and applying it to one of the most important part of Beyhaqi History, “Busahl’s plotagainst Altuntᾱsh” as an example, it is evident that the three major principles of this theory as social cooperation (individuals’ link and relations), cooperative norms and social support, social trust are clarified in a reversed negative way.

    Keywords: Social Capital, Putnam, Beyhaqi History
  • Sayyed Rahim Moosavinia *, Arash Azarpanah, Manouchehr Joukar Pages 39-43
    Houshang Golshiri is among the Iranian leading creative and imaginative fiction writers who managed to open up new horizons in Iranian fiction. Hence he could be claimed to be an innovative avant-garde short story writer with unique stylistic characteristics. Although inspired by fiction writers such as Alavi, Sadeqi, Golestan and Saedi in the techniques of narration, Golshiri nonetheless stands out among his Iranian peers in creating the sense of indeterminacy, discovery, and the adequate use of polyphonic narration. Thus, he may justifiably be called a well-established paragon of the relevant views and techniques employed by the preceding generations. On the other hand, Golshiri's style in writing short stories (in terms of polyphony), itself based on Bakhtin's dialogical heteroglossia and uncertainty, seems to be worthy of investigating from post-modernist and phenomenological points of view. The present paper uses such a framework to analyze a corpus of eleven short stories written by Golshiri. It is an attempt to show a postmodernist tinge through the presence of narrative indeterminacy and contextual polyphony based on Bakhtin’s ideas. Then through indeterminacy and polyphony Golshiri’s narratives are shown to reach discovery. This will lead the author and the reader to realize discovery and anagnorisis about the main theme throughout the story.
    Keywords: Golshiri, short story, polyphony, indeterminacy, discovery
  • Kavoos Hasanli, Siamak Naderi Pages 45-57
    Sadegh Hedayat is one of the most renowned contemporary writers whose various works are discussed by many literary critics. His short story "The Case of Turkish (rock) Salt" is a humorous and satirical story is collected in Tittle-tattle alongside with five more short stories. The narrator of the story explains the history of human civilization and evolution based on his own perspective. “The Case of Turkish Salt” is not among his best-known stories, yet it can be employed to facilitate a deeper understanding of Hedayat. Rereading and exploring the story illustrates that Sadegh Hedayat was acquainted with the writings on the subject of history of man's civilization and evolution, and his materialist attitudes towards the subject are similar to those of Freud and Will Durant.
    Keywords: Sadegh Hedayat, The Case of Turkish (rock) Salt, materialism, human evolution
  • No Hero and No Faces: The Postmodern Antihero in Reza Ghasemi’s The Nocturnal Harmony of Wood Instruments
    Mahsa Hashemi * Pages 59-80

    Reza Ghasemi’s novel, The Nocturnal Harmony of Wood Instruments, is an intriguing narrative of exile, portraying a nameless protagonist/narrator living in a dystopian microcosm. Hallucinating and self-delusional, he presents a collage-like picture of his life and the account of a novel of the same title he has apparently written. The present study investigates the diverse postmodern characteristics of the work such as metafiction, pastiche, paranoia, dissociation of meaning, looseness of association, and apocryphal history. These characteristic attributes are masterfully employed by the writer in a harmonious yet befuddling texture. This exploration of the postmodern elements serves as the necessary context for the depiction of the narrator/protagonist as a postmodern antihero. It is stated that as an inevitable outcome of dominance of postmodernism which carries with itself memories of disasters and traumas, the apocalyptic vision of the world, and an entropic picture of the universe, there is no room for heroism in its traditional and archetypal sense. Far from being a hero distinguished with heroic codes of action, and in contrast to charismatic heroes capable of leadership and worthy of admiration, Ghasemi’s protagonist, it is proved, is an antihero unable to see any pattern in life and rarely its destination. Far from trying to establish his own personal, suprasocial codes, the antihero is always a displaced person and in relation to society, infrasocial. His self-centeredness makes him not only unheroic, but anti-heroic. The study traces the artistic rendering of the postmodern ambiance in the birth and development of an archetypal antihero.</strong>

    Keywords: Reza Ghasemi, The Nocturnal Harmony of Wood Instruments, postmodernism, Antihero, Persian literature
  • Politics, Poetry, and Sufism in Medieval Iran: New Perspectives on Jāmī’s Salāmān va Absāl, Chad G. Lingwood. Brill, Leiden, 2014. ix + pp. 280. ISBN 9004255893
    Maryam Musharraf Pages 105-107
  • Recasting American and Persian Literatures: Local Histories and Formative Geographies from Moby-Dick to Missing Soluch, Amirhossein Vafa, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, ISBN 978-3-319-40468-4, xv + 204 pp.
    Elham Naeej Pages 109-114
  • Satire, Humor and the Construction of Identities, Massih Zekavat. [Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. pp.viii + 206, index. ISBN 978 90 272 0233 8 (Hb); ISBN 978 90 272 6550 0 (e-book)].
    Mark Rolfe Pages 115-119