Caspian Journal of Dental Research
Volume:6 Issue: 1, Mar 2017

Resin modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGI) is prepared by manual mixing of powder and liquid. Different mixing ratios influence on the RMGI properties. The aim was to compare the effect of different mixing ratios on the microleakage of RMGI.
In this in vitro study, 60 Class V cavities (3×2×1.5 mm) with the gingival margin of 1 mm apical to the cement-enamel junction were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 30 sound premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups. Group 1: The manufacturer’s recommended ratio, without conditioning; Group2: The manufacturer’s recommended ratio with conditioning; Group 3: 20% lower than the manufacturer’s ratio without conditioning; Group4: 20% lower than the manufacturer’s ratio with conditioning; Group 5: 20% higher than the manufacturer’s ratio without conditioning; Group6: 20% higher than the manufacturer’s ratio with conditioning. After thermocycling, the microleakage was evaluated using silver nitrate staining. The teeth were cut into two mesial and distal halves, and the microleakage at occlusal and gingival margins was recorded based on a 0‒3 scoring system under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with significance level at P The maximum microleakage at gingival margins was recorded for group 4, which was significantly higher than that of group 2 and 6 (P=0.043 and P=0.043, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the microleakage between occlusal and gingival margins.
A 20% reduction in P/L ratio of RMGI increases the gingival microleakage when surface conditioning was appli.

Epulis fissuratum is one of the important denture-related mucosal lesions that occurs around the borders of an ill-fitting denture. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cases of epulis fissuratum admitted in the department of oral medicine, Kerman Dental School in relation to the demographic, denture-related and clinical findings.
Medical files of all patients referred to the Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, Kerman Dental School, Iran from 1999 to 2014 were reviewed and 58 cases with the diagnosis of epulis fissuratum with complete and acceptable data were illustrated.
The frequency of epulis fissuratum was 2.9 % of the total number of pathologies. The disorder had been occurred predominantly in the sixth decade of life (41.4%) and more often among females (79.3%). The frequency of epulis fissuratum was higher for a length of denture use of more than 10 years. Patients reported pain associated with the lesion (70.6%).
The knowledge of some facts, especially the quality of dentures and level of denture hygiene in patients with epulis fissuratum supports the importance of the prevention of the lesion, hence the dentists should instruct their patients who have worn dentures how to prevent this lesion.

Cervical root resorption is one of the most important complications of intra coronal bleaching. A way of preventing this type of resorption is using a coronal barrier under the bleaching materials. The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of glass ionomer cement and Pro Root Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as a coronal barrier in intra coronal bleaching.
In this study, 40 single-root maxillary anterior teeth were endodontically prepared and divided into two experimental groups (n= 15) and two positive and negative control groups (n=5). In the experimental groups, gutta percha was removed up to 3 mm below the cemento enamel junction (CEJ).RMGI and MTA were placed over gutta percha up to the level of CEJ. After a 24-hour incubation period, the bleaching agent (a mixture of sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide) was placed in the access cavities. The bleaching agents were replaced every 3 days over 9 days. Then, the access cavity was filled with 2% methylene blue for 48 hours. All samples were longitudinally sectioned and the dye penetration range was evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests (α=0.05).
Leakage mean indicated that there was a significant difference between these two groups and leakage was less in ProRoot than glass ionomer.
It seems that the MTA can provide a better coronal seal during the bleaching.

Debridement of root canal using appropriately safe and effective irrigants is the key factor for long-term success. Purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of propolis with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, and 2% chlorhexidine against enterococcus faecalis.
In this study, 36 single-canal roots were used. The crown was removed and instrumentation was prepared by step-back technique, then teeth were sterilized and contaminated with E. Faecalis, and divided into four groups with 9 cases: group1: Propolis, group2: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, group3: 2% chlorhexidine and group4: controls. Irrigants were injected by a 27-gauge syringe and roots were incubated in 37°C for one week. Sampling was done and inoculated to tryptone soy broth media, after 24 hours the turbidity was measured. Samples were also cultured on agar plates, and colony-forming units were counted as CFU/ml. Data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney test.
The difference between propolis with mean value of 246.77 colonies and chlorhexidine with mean value of zero colonies, was significant (P=.002). Similarly, the difference between chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite with mean value 203.55 of colonies was significant and they had significant difference in turbidity (P=.002), too. No significant difference was observed between propolis and sodium hypochlorite with regard to the induced colonies (P=0.781) and their turbidity (P=0.495).
It can be concluded that antibacterial activity of 2% chlorhexidine against E. faecalis is more obvious than propolis or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. But antibacterial activity of propolis over 5.25% sodium hypochlorite or vice versa was not confirmed.

Obesity as a pervasive phenomenon in recent years has the risky consequences on public and oral health and endangers the teeth especially periodontal tissues. This aim of this study was to assess the relationship of oral health (teeth and periodontal tissue) with obesity and anthropometric measures such as waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI).
This cross sectional study was conducted on 180 subjects in 3 groups of normal weight, over-weight and obese. Periodontal pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was also applied after adjusting for the confounding factors.
Of 180 subjects, 54, 68 and 58 cases were normal, overweight and obese. 75 and 105 participants were male and female, respectively. Generally, a pocket depth was increased 1.394 times with one unit increase of BMI (OR: 1.394, 95% CI: 0.936-2.077). Dental caries index enhanced to 1.036 with one unit increase of waist circumference (WC) (OR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.001-1.071). One centimeter rise of WC increased CPI up to 0.625 times (OR: 1.122, 95% CI: 0.053-0.078).
Obesity even in the absence of underlying systemic diseases can cause the potential risk in oral health.

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a useful determinant to show high level of lipid peroxidation which lead to impaired cell function. Previous studies have mentioned there is a relationship between high oxidative stress and low anti-oxidant activity in patients with oral lichen planus. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum level of Malondialdehyde as an indicator of oxidative stress in patients with oral lichen planus which is a chronic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology.
This descriptive-comparative study evaluated the oxidative stress status on twenty patients with oral lichen planus and 20 control healthy individuals based on serum level of Malondialdehyde.
The mean serum Malondialdehyde levels in oral lichen planus patients and control individuals were 2.9 (±2) and 2.4 (±1.3) µg/ml, respectively, indicating no significant difference (P=0.6).
According to the results, role of Malondialdehyde in cellular damage and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus was not proved.

Plexiform schwannoma is a type of schwannoma that can be occured at any age and any site of the oral cavity. In the gross and histopathological features, it shows plexiform or multinodular growth pattern. This variant of schwannoma is sometimes associated with neurofibromatosis type II or schwannomatosis. Histopathologically, plexiform schwannoma is composed of schwann cells that show Anthony A growth pattern. Mitosis are rare or absent.This study reports a case of a healthy 34 year old female with swelling in floor of her mouth; according to the clinical and histopathological findings, the diagnosis was Plexiform schwannoma.