فصلنامه مدیریت بحران و وضعیت های اضطراری
پیاپی 27 (بهار 1395)

Today, most scientists are looking for a model to manage sociopolitical crises. However, since the principles and strategies offered by them often have Western and non-native origin, they are not compatible with the management style and method of the infallible Imams (a.s.). This article seeks to answer this main question: ‘What principles and strategies did Imam Ali (a.s.) employ to manage socio-political crises of his own time?’ Accordingly, the hypothesis of the study is: Imam Ali (a.s.) managed socio-political crises by capturing hearts, improving his relationship with himself and with God, considering the conditions of the time (contingency management) and using a serene, moderate, preventive and harnessing method. In the present article, this hypothesis as well as Imam Ali’s (a.s.) management principles is verified using the descriptive-analytic method, library studies and exploration of his sayings and life style in Nahj al-Balagha and comparing them against the modern theories on crisis management.

Violent actions in civil centers are often emotionally charged and lack logical orientation. Although they are often short-lived, they have intense psychological and political impacts. This article is aimed at analyzing the role of psychological operations in controlling the protest actions and violent gatherings. This is an applied research work and the method is survey. Developing a number of hypotheses and testing them among the commanders and the staff of the Law Enforcement Force of the Grand Tehran (the first group) and the experts familiar with psychological operations and civil unrest (the second group), 350 and 30 subjects were selected from among them, respectively. Then, their views on various functions of psychological operations, the effectiveness of different methods of containing and controlling protest gatherings were assessed using a measurement scale with a reliability index of 0.8480. The results revealed that, from the viewpoint of experts, the commanders and staff of the Law Enforcement Force, protest actions and gatherings can be contained using systematic and predevised psychological operations. Meanwhile, it was observed that the views of the groups on the effectiveness of psychological operations in controlling protest gatherings were significantly different.

This study has been conducted to identify the critical success factors in project-based organizations in the field of ICT and to evaluate the actions taken to implement these factors in such organizations. The population includes executives and experts of the project-based organizations in the field of ICT in Iran. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire and the obtained data were analyze using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation and Friedman test. The identified critical success factors were classified into three groups: intra-organizational factors, extraorganizational factors and project factors. The results indicated that, in terms of implementation, these factors are rated differentlyin project-based organizations. With regard to the actions taken and implementation in project-based organizations, managers’ competence factor had the highest rate and their political environment factor had the lowest rate among the critical success factors identified in this study. Observation of a significant relationship between the allocation of human resources and financial resources and implementation of critical success factors in project-based organizations is another finding of the present study. According to the findings, the relationship between the allocation of human resources is stronger than the one between allocation of financial resources and implementation of critical success factors.

Security in cyberspace is the function of two key elements: human and cyberspace. The actions and interactions of these two factors lead to the creation of a threatening environment that constitutes a wide variety of dimensions in the field of security. Meanwhile, dealing with the issues related to culture in cyberspace has a key role in raising public awareness and enhancing psychological security in the community. Hence, the present study has been conducted to examine the impact of cyberspace on the psychological security of college students as an important and influential stratum in the society. The research sample included 149 students from Islamic Azad University and the instruments were the Maslow psychological security questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire. The utilized statistical analyses were one-sample t-test, analysis of variance and histograms which were conducted using the SPSS software. Based on the results, the political, economic, cultural and psychological dimensions of cyberspace impact on psychological security.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Coordination Council of Crisis Management in the 2012 East Azarbaijan Province earthquake. The method utilized in thisstudy is a combination of the qualitative and quantitative methods.Accordingly, reviewing the relevant literature and describing the 2012 East Azarbaijan Province earthquake, we have made an attempt to examine the factors giving rise to the creation of the crises resulting from this event and evaluate the performance of the Coordination Council of Crisis Management in managing this disaster. A questionnaire was made and administered to the experts in the region and the collected responses were analyzed using the SPSS software. All the factors giving rise to the creation of the crises resulting from this event were confirmed and the evaluation of the performance of the crisis management system of the region revealed that all the strengths and weaknesses of the Coordination Council of Crisis Management were confirmed.

Civil disobedience and threatened soft to soft war was known in political literature. This type of Soviet war began and has continued, and relying on soft power and soft threats to cultural and social life. With this type of war the Americans managed to change the political regime in several countries were concerned. Color revolutions that occurred in several countries of the former Soviet bloc and the East, in fact, an example of soft war. Due to hardware failure in dealing with the Islamic Republic, seeking West conflict the pattern of recent years, has been changed and the project has been soft on the agenda. Because it is hard subversivemethods will not work for various reasons. The Islamic Republicof Iran's opposition groups some different ways to encourage civil disobedience. Of course, this type of projects in several countries, including the newly independent republics of the Soviet Union was implemented, some are successful and some failed. In this study, using a review of the review of relevant documents with the concept of civil disobedience and comparative study its performance in Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Iran's Islamic Republic. The result indicates that with the blessing of God, vigilance and insight of and adherence to the supreme leader, can be stacked behind the threat. And experience shows that people and countries must remain vigilant against such incidents And can be used with smart power in the passive position of the Islamic Republic of Iran was the enemy.