فصلنامه پژوهش های مدیریت در ایران
سال بیست و یکم شماره 1 (پیاپی 95، بهار 1396)

Reviews have revealed that commercialization of science and technology in humanities has not had proper growth despite close relationship between economic development and development of financial sector. Therefore; lack of literature on commercialization in services point this study toward identifying commercialization processes of financial services. Research methodology in this study was qualitative and by using Triangulation. To identify basic concepts and commercialization phases, library research and semi-structured interviews with academic experts and industry specialists were used. Moreover, semi-structured questionnaires with an open-ended item were employed to sort the phases and extract the commercialization model. To analyze data at the first and the second phases; a combination of structural analysis and interpretation as well as the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) were applied, respectively. Findings at the first phase included twelve steps: business strategies formulation, service ideas generation, screening, business analysis, project authorization, multi-tasking team formation, design of services and processes, design of service delivery system, sales and customer network training and empowering, pilot launch, full-scale launch, and service performance evaluation and improvement. The second phase also contained the prescription of the commercialization process model of innovative financial services in financial markets.

Industrial groups have interactions within and outside groups. In this paper, twelve industrial groups of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange are reviewed in order to evaluate linear information dynamics. Conservatism measures of “ratio of sum of price to sum of book value” and “mean of price-to-book ratio” are considered. In sample periods, in order to remedy the effects of special factors in sample industries, later ratio is de-trended. For controlling effects of each industry, inflation, and some other factors on the various industry indices, two measures of “average annual difference between price and book value” and “each industry index” are considered. Industry analysis shows that "sum of price to sum of book value" criterion has a significant correlation with the average of market value to book value and the correlation would be stronger if using the de-trended criteriun.
Finally, comparing scaled variables on the average annual difference between price and book value, it concluded that scaled variables based on the index of each industry led to a much stronger coefficient of valuation models.
Therefore, for assessment and analysis of linear information dynamics in industrial groups (including environmental factors such as conservatism in accounting policies, industry, stock market indices, cost of capital rate, inflation, the policy of dividend distribution, past and present of book value and securities) can be used for developing residual income valuation models.

Organizational cynicism as one of the main problems of current organizations, has many negative consequences for the organizations in personal and organizational level. Therefor studying solutions for diminishing this phenomenon, is vital. Considering importance of ethical concerns in organizations, this paper studies the impact of ethical leadership on decreasing organizational cynicism directly and through the ethical climate. Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization of Zanjan form the research population. Data gathered by standard questionnaire has been analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results show that there is not significant (direct negative) effect between ethical leadership and organizational cynicism, but if ethical leadership set the stage for flourishing ethical climate, it can decrease organizational cynicism. In this regard, the positive direct impact of ethical leadership on ethical climate has been confirmed.

Research in management involves many people and needs great fund resources. Research impact assessment models can help to ensure positive impacts of their investments and researches. This research intends to identify, compare, and classify extant research impact assessment patterns and finally present a pattern for investigating the impact of researches in management.
20 assessment patterns for research impacts were identified using literature review and 10 subject-related patterns were compared for aspects of indexes, type of the work, elements, tools, time and assessment level. The elements of the model were deciphered from the literature and were prioritized through interviews, distribution of questionnaire, and analytical hierarchy process regarding criteria of “significance level”, “accessibility”, and “measurability”. Indices of each element were selected and presented based on weighted mean of opinions.
This research used qualitative and quantitative methods and it is decision-oriented in its purpose which makes it a practical research. For data analysis, Chang's extended analysis method was employed.
According to results of interviews and by extending suitable models, the “Assessment Pattern for the Impacts of Management Researches” has been presented based on a systemic outlook. The intended pattern has 36 indices which according to the final weight are classified under 6 elements as follow: academic and scientific outputs (0.237), organizational consequences (0.219), educational outputs (0.198), financial and economic consequences (0.126), ordinary or technological application (0.111), and branding or symbolic impacts (0.081).

The knowledge workers are the most important members of organizations in the 21 century. Therefore, proper management of knowledge workers is one of the successful management principles of knowledge organizations.Identifying knowledge jobs is one of the primary and fundamental steps in managing knowledge workers. The aim of this study is to provide a tool to measure and identify knowledge jobs. Positions are determined in a two-dimensional space criteria of “knowledge intensity” and “job requirements”. Mixed method approach applied using grounded theory strategy in qualitative phase and survey strategy in quantitative phase. Documents and textual data were used in the qualitative phase and a questionnaire for the quantitative phase. The study population is RIPI line jobs that have been selected by census method. Results show that developed tool is valid and it can identify and measure knowledge jobs regarding “knowledge intensity” and “job requirement”.

Increasing competition led to lesser cost of customer retention than attract new ones. Based on studies, banks and financial institutions lose about 25 percent of their customers annually. In banking system of Iran, privatization and increasing financial institutions as well as diversification of banking services and easy switching for the customer are principal concern of customer churn managers. 1% of Customer churn decreased result in a 6% increase in profit. This study aims to explain causal factors affecting banking customer churn. This paper is practical and it is descriptive-survey. Population is governmental bank customers in Semnan city which sample of 384 were selected using a stratified random sampling. Data were collected by standard questionnaire and were analyzed using Visual PLS. Results showed “weaknesses in quality of results” by a path coefficient of 0.855 which was higher than other variables effecting negative perception of bank. Also, significant and positive impact of “service failure”, “weakness in interaction” and “lack of responsibility” on “unfavorable perception of Banks’ customers” was confirmed. “Unfavorable perception” through the mediation of “customers rage” (with path coefficient of 0.713), are leading to churn of bank customers (with path coefficient of 0.819), respectively.

This paper is aimed at developing a tool for evaluating organization readiness for business process re-engineering procedures. By reviewing the literature, 16 criteria and 104 sub-criteria were identified. These criteria and sub-criteria refined and classified with respect to experts’ opinions. As a result of this process, 9 main criteria and 18 sub-criteria were selected. Using the DEMATEL method, relationship between major and minor criteria were analyzed. The result showed that “senior management” is the most effective criterion. At the next step, using Analytic Network Process (ANP) method criteria were weighted and the “human resources” criterion had the higher weight. Based on these criteria, a tool was designed in order to assess the readiness for BPR procedures in organization. Results also showed that studied organization is ready for business process reengineering implementation.

The effectiveness of technology transfer is defined as fulfillment level of organization goals. Organizational culture, which affects from national culture, can underlie the success or failure of the technology transfer process. For this purpose, this study examined national and organizational role in technology transfer effectiveness. Accordingly, in order to validate the model, managers and experts in technology-oriented companies that have related experience in international technology transfer, determined as statistical population. 89 managers and experts in various fields of technology transfer were analyzed as the study samples. Findings of the hypothesis reflect national and organizational culture role in technology transfer (to determine the success and failure). Results also showed that organizational culture has mediating role in relationship between national culture and technology transfer effectiveness.