نشریه مطالعات ادبیات تطبیقی
پیاپی 35 (پاییز 1394)

Persecution and oppression are from the most important subjects that Holy Quran vastly talks about it and avoids us; while doing or not doing it, can have the positive or negative effect of our social, practical and moral life. The present article attempts to express the persecution issue in Quran and its reflection in Sa’adi’s Golestan and its roots, reasons and kinds (religious, social and individual) are studied as well. Examples from Quran and narrations as well as some from Golestan are brought to prove this claim.

Abu Nuwas Ahwazi is an Arab well known poet – second century – whose poetry is about beloved, worship and wine. Simplicity and honesty are the characteristics of his poetry. Rudaki – the Persian poet of third and fourth centuries – also expresses wine, beloved and worship in his poetry. The present article studies their biography briefly and then surveys their thoughts and poetry.

Farīd ud-Dīn Attar and Geoffrey Chaucer both have special state in their own literature and culture. They have had outstanding talent in poetry and prose. Attar’s role in composing mystic concepts in Persian Literature is commendable. Chaucer also is well known by his simple, Eloquent, fluent and English method in English literature. Although both poets were from different nations, languages and cultures the common points such as travel, pilgrimage, self – analysis can be seen in their famous works: The Conference of the Birds (manteq Al – Teir) and Canterbury stories.

Leyli & Majnoon are from the famous lovers in Arab and even world literature whose love story reflects in most of the nations’ literature. Kurdish literature is not an exception and the poets around the world paid special attention to love stories and depict it in their poetries especially in the odes since ancient years. The present article tries to study Kurdish contemporary poetry and survey the poets’ knowledge qualitatively and quantitative.

One of the reflected concepts in literature – especially in poetry – is the narcissism phenomenon; in spite of this common emotion among human being and in different poetries, it can be seen in some deep widely such as Khaqani and Bashar ibn Burd’s. They placed this phenomenon in their poetry so artistic and aimed and have worshiped their own artistic characters. The present article studies the differences and similarities of narcissism what and why and the dominant values on Arab and Iranian culture were also studied.

The present article compares two stories: Hayy ibn Yaqzan and Robinson Crusoe in order to determine the effect or lapse of Daniel Defoe form Ibn Tofail story. Thus the content aspect would be studied first and then the subject and theme. The structural aspect would be surveyed by emphasizing the theme, character, view point, situation (time & place) and the ending. And finally the differences and similarities are studied. The findings and results show that both stories are similar in structure and content but these similarities are more in structure rather than content.

The German people became familiar with the Persian literature since seventeenth century. The first political – economic group were dispatched to Iran from Germany (Holstein) in late sixteenth century. There was a translator in this group called Adam Olearius who does not talk about Ferdowsi in his Itinerary. A school called “East Year” (Al Sena Al Sharqiya) in France in the same century. Four languages were taught in this school – Arabic, Hebrew, Turkish and Persian. The ones who were interested in learning Persian have learnt it in this school. Famous authors such as Countess von Hahn-Hahn, Christian Johann Heinrich Heine and … created new works under Shahnameh influence. German people became familiar with Iran and Shahnameh by these works.