فهرست مطالب

Midwifery & Reproductive health - Volume:5 Issue: 1, Jan 2017

Journal of Midwifery & Reproductive health
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Jan 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
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  • Azam Honarmandpour, Zahra Abbaspour, Sara Ziagham, Nahid Javadifar * Pages 791-799
    Background and Aim
    Episiotomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in obstetrics, which requires analgesia. Entonox gas is known to have analgesic and sedative properties. However, no studies have been found on the analgesic effects of Entonox on episiotomy incision. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of Entonox and lidocaine on pain intensity during episiotomy incision in nulliparous women.
    Materials And Methods
    This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 120 term nulliparous women, who met the inclusion criteria. Subjects were selected by randomized sampling and equally divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60). In the intervention group, Entonox gas was applied two minutes before episiotomy incision until the end of the procedure. On the other hand, the control group received 5 ml of lidocaine 2% as routine care before episiotomy incision. Data were collected using visual analogue scale to compare the study groups in terms of pain intensity. In addition, patient satisfaction with pain management technique during episiotomy and side effects of Entonox were assessed. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests, and P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
    Results
    In this study, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups regarding pain intensity (P=0.52). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in the satisfaction level of the two groups (P=0.70).
    Conclusion
    According to the results of this study, Entonox could be used as an effective and noninvasive alternative to lidocaine to reduce pain during episiotomy incision without significant side effects.
    Keywords: Episiotomy, Entonox, Pain intensity, Lidocaine
  • Maryam Pourshirazi, Nahid Golmakani *, Habibollah Esmaeili, Samira Ebrahimzadeh Zagami, Fatemeh Tara Pages 800-805
    Background and Aim
    The risks of maternal mortality and morbidity associated with cesarean delivery are three and two times higher than vaginal delivery, respectively. The majority of cesarean sections are due to failure to progress in labor. One of the common risk factors for failure to progress is small maternal body size. Cormic index is an indicator of body composition assessment, which estimates trunk and leg length. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between Cormic index and mode of delivery.
    Methods
    This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 170 pregnant women referred to Omolbanin Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. Standing and sitting heights were measured at the onset of active phase of labor. Cormic index was calculated as sitting height/standing height×100. Mode of delivery was followed and recorded. Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney tests were performed, using SPSS version 16.
    Results
    The mean Cormic index was 52.04±2.85. There was a significant relationship between mode of delivery and Cormic index, sitting and standing heights, and leg length measures. However, there was no significant relationship between body mass index and mode of delivery.
    Conclusion
    Our findings indicated that mode of delivery is associated with Cormic index. With high Cormic indices (long trunk and short legs) the rate of assisted delivery rose compared to vaginal and cesarean deliveries.
    Keywords: Anthropometry, Body mass index, Cephalopelvic disproportion, Cesarean section
  • Nourossadat Kariman, Zohre Sheikhan*, Masoumeh Simbar, Alireza Zahiroddin, Alireza Akbarzadeh Bahgban Pages 806-813
    Background and Aim
    Sexual health is an essential element of quality of life, affecting both physical and psychological domains. Hormones used in contraceptive methods have contradictory effects on sexual function. In this study, we aimed to compare sexual function in women using combined oral contraceptives (COC) and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), referred to healthcare centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran in 2013.
    Methods
    This descriptive, comparative study was performed on 240 women (n=120 per group), selected through multistage sampling in Tehran, Iran. A questionnaire consisting of three parts, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), demographic characteristics, and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), was completed through interviews. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were calculated, and independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test were performed, using SPPS version 16. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
    Results
    The mean age at marriage in women using DMPA was lower than those using COC (18.55±3.61 vs. 19.92±3.98 years). Based on the findings, the menstrual status in the majority of DMPA users was irregular (46.7% in DMPA group vs. 8.3% in COC group). The difference in sexual function between the COC and DMPA groups was significant. Sexual arousal and lubrication were more favorable in the COC group in comparison with the DMPA group; also, pain in this group was lower than the DMPA group. Scores of total sexual function (27.35±5.22 in DMPA group vs. 29.15±6.13 in COC group), sexual arousal (4.11±0.90 in DMPA group vs. 4.51±1.39 in COC group), and vaginal lubrication (4.82±1.30 in DMPA group vs. 5.26±1.35 in COC group) were lower in the DMPA group, compared to the COC group. Pain scores (4.91±1.25 in DMPA group vs. 5.28±1.19 in COC group) were higher in the DMPA group in comparison with the COC group (P
    Conclusion
    Sexual dysfunction seems to be more prevalent among DMPA users. Therefore, healthcare providers should pay particular attention to sexual function and contraceptive methods. Also, we recommend further research to determine the best way to inform women about the potential risks and benefits of hormonal contraception.
    Keywords: Combined oral contraceptives, Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), Sexual dysfunction
  • Masoumeh Kordi, Azra Vahed*, Fariborz Rezaee Talab, Seyed Reza Mazloum, Marzieh Lotfalizadeh Pages 814-820
    Introduction
    Preeclampsia is the common and dangerous complication of pregnancy with unknown reason. Multiple causes such as depression, psychological and physical stress may be involved in its development. This study was performed to determine the relationship between anxiety during pregnancy and the incidence of preeclampsia.
    Methods
    This case-control study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 150 healthy pregnant women referred to health centers and academic hospitals of Mashhad in 2014. The diagnosis of preeclampsia was made by systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg accompanied with urinary protein excretion more than 300 mg per 24 hours. The cutoff point for the presence of anxiety was the score of ≥8; the score of 8-9 was mild anxiety and the score of 20 was very severe anxiety. Data collection tools included the form of demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory signs of preeclampsia, and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS 21). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and logistic regressions model. P
    Results
    We found significant relationship between anxiety and preeclampsia (P
    Conclusion
    Due to an increased risk of preeclampsia in women with anxiety during pregnancy, it can be considered as a risk factor for preeclampsia.
    Keywords: Preeclampsia, Pregnancy, Anxiety
  • Masoumeh Hashemian, Arezoo Fallahi *, Vahideh Moghaddam Hosseini, Zahra Sadat Asadi, Atoosa Soleimanian Pages 821-827
    Background and Aim
    Family caregivers of cancer patients are at a high risk of physical, psychological and emotional problems, which could adversely affect their quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of the female caregivers of breast cancer patients in Sabzevar, Iran.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was conducted on 105 participants in Sabzevar, Iran in 2013. Subjects were selected via purposive sampling, and required data were collected using the Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) scale, which was completed by the family caregivers of breast cancer patients through interviews. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation-coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
    Results
    Mean age of the participants was 36.9±10.9 years, and total mean score of quality of life was 55.48±10.87. The highest score was observed in the subscale of “lifestyle disruption” (mean: 66.14±17.31), while the lowest score belonged to the subscale of “emotional/mental burden” (mean: 49.43±18.49). Total mean score of quality of life in the sisters of breast cancer patients was 4.678 units higher compared to the caregivers who were the daughter of the patients. Moreover, total mean score of quality of life in breast cancer patients with no insurance was 5.457 scores lower compared to those with insurance.
    Conclusion
    According to the results of this study, emotional and psychological needs of the female caregivers of patients with breast cancer (as informal caregivers) must be considered in developing related educational programs for the formal caregivers of these patients, especially mental health nurses.
    Keywords: Breast cancer, Family caregivers, Quality of Life
  • Zahra Abedian, Minoo Safaei *, Seyed Reza Mazlum, Seyed Reza Attarzadeh Hoseini Pages 828-833
    Background and Aim
    Maintaining and improving the work ability are important social goals, which challenge the health care and rehabilitation systems as well as health providers. The physical and mental health status affect the work ability. Regarding this, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training on the work ability of the midwives in the health care centers of Mashhad, Iran in 2013.
    Methods
    This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 midwives working in the health centers of Mashhad, Iran, using purposeful sampling method. The health care centers were selected randomly, and then assigned into the intervention and control groups. Subsequently, the intervention group performed aerobic exercise for 24 sessions. Data collection was performed using the work ability index and the Bruce test (to compare the fitness of the participants at the pre- and post-intervention stages). For data analysis, the two-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-square tests as well as independent and paired sample t-tests were employed, using SPSS version 19. The P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
    Results
    According to the results of the study, the mean score of work ability was significantly higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (40.5±4.9 vs. 36.4± 5.3, respectively; P=0.004). Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the two variables including work ability compared with life time best (P
    Conclusion
    As the findings indicated, practicing aerobic exercise for eight weeks affected the mean work ability in the participants. Consequently, the managers are recommended to use such strategy in order to improve the work ability in the midwives in health care centers.
    Keywords: Aerobic training, Midwives, Physical fitness, Work ability
  • Rozita Amani *, Mohammad Reza Majzoobi, Sedighe Azadi Fard Pages 834-841
    Background And Aim
    There are an increasing number of studies showing an association of adult attachment styles to psychopathology. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between attachment style and depression among students of Bu-Ali Sina University in Iran.
    Methods
    This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 157 girl students who were randomly selected. They were evaluated by demographic questionnaire, Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI) (Hazan and Shaver), and theBeck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). The data was analysis by using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis in SPSS 16 statistical package.
    Results
    Findings indicated that secure attachment style had no significant correlation with depression and insecure attachment styles had a significant positive correlation with depression (p
    Conclusions
    The findings of the present study supply to improve the understanding of attachment styles involved in the development of vulnerability to depression.
    Keywords: Attachment styles, Depression, young girl
  • Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian, Robab Latifnejad Roudsari *, Ramin Sadeghi Pages 842-848
    Background and Aim
    Stress and anxiety due to waiting for treatment results and uncertainty of treatment success are common problems in infertile women. Acupuncture has been suggested as an effective strategy to relieve anxiety. This study aimed to review the available evidence on the effects of acupuncture on anxiety in infertile women.
    Methods
    This systematic review was conducted via searching in databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO, as well as clinical trial registries and reference lists of the retrieved articles. Selected articles included the studies published since the initiation of each database until March 2015. All randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of acupuncture on the anxiety of infertile women were reviewed in this study. Moreover, methodological qualities of the selected studies were examined based on the checklist of Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine by two independent investigators.
    Results
    Literature search yielded 193 relevant titles and abstracts, which were narrowed down to four randomized controlled trials involving 595 women.The majority of the reviewed articles showed that use of acupuncture could decrease anxiety in infertile women.
    Conclusion
    According to the results of this systematic review, acupuncture is an effective technique in controlling the anxiety of infertile women. However, it is recommended that future studies with more appropriate design and methodology be conducted in this regard.
    Keywords: Acupuncture, Anxiety, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Depression, Infertility, Stress
  • Fahimeh Rashidi Maybodi *, Mohammad Hosein Amirzade Iranaq Pages 849-854
    Introduction
    Recently, it has been recognized that oral infections, especially periodontitis might have effect on several systemic conditions. A possible role of oral diseases in sub-fertility and infertility was also has been suggested. The aim of this review was to evaluate the association between poor oral health and fertility problems.
    Methods
    In this narrative review, authors used PUBMED, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar to included relevant papers in which had at least an English abstract and considered no limitation in publication date. The author used combinations of the search terms “sub-fertility”, “infertility”, “sperm count”, “erectile dysfunction” or “conception” AND “oral hygiene”, oral infections”, “periodontitis” or “periodontal disease”. From the 40 titles which has been found, Letters to the editor, commentaries and case reports or case series, were excluded and finally 37 original articles were remained.
    Results
    There was a consistency among studies about possible positive association between poor oral health and fertility problems features such as improper spermatological parameters and erectile dysfunction, increased time to conceive and endometriosis but there was an inconsistency about relationship between maternal periodontitis and male-babies sub fertility in future.
    Conclusion
    Researches show that oral hygiene is an important component of general health and also a factor in sexual health. Oral inflammation controlling and regular dental check-ups in which both men and women are attending, particularly prior to conceiving, appears to be helpful in enhancing reproductive ability.
    Keywords: Fertility, Oral Health, periodontitis
  • Malihe Amirian, Malihe Hasanzadeh*, Leili Hafizi Pages 855-857
    Partial or complete mole affects one in 1000 pregnancies.Partial mole is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. There was a married woman,gravid 4,parity 1,abortion 1,and she had past medical history 0f right ectopic pregnancy.she had left ectopic pregnancy and was treated by laparascopic left salpyngectomy after failure of intramascular methotrexate treatment.After surgery the pathology exam showed partial mole
    Keywords: Pregnancy, Ectopic, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease