نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه گردشگری
پیاپی 4 (بهار 1392)

Today tourism is considered as one of the most extensive activities in the areas of cultural، economic and …. Development of tourism for countries that are facing problems such as high unemployment rates and limited financial resources، it is crucial importance. So at least in order to diversify the sources of economic growth and foreign exchange earnings and also create employment opportunities as a result، reduce poverty and improve living standard، the tourism industry is an important. Because poverty is a major problem in developing countries in this paper، is studied the relationship between tourism and poverty reduction in 6 selected developing countries (southwest asia area) in the period 1997-2009 by panel data method. Estimate results show that international tourism receipts are effective factors on poverty in the countries studied and a unite increase in this variable leads to increase of 0. 002 on the human poverty index.

Local community participation is essential for sustainable rural tourism development. Investment is one of the participation forms. Factors which affects local investment are administrative، economic، human- cultural، social and infrastructure capacity. The goal of this research is prioritizing factors which affects local community investment in Saryazd village where is located in Yazd province. Statistical population was 120 householder resided in village. Collecting data was done by questionnaire and for analyzing them structural in equated model by Lisrel software has been used. Initially administrative capacity and in the second step social capacity and finally human- cultural capacity had the greatest impact on local investment in rural tourism projects، but infrastructure and economic capacity had no significant relation with local investment in rural tourism projects.

Resource constraints in the agricultural sector and the change of rural people’s attitudes towards the activities in this sector، has resulted declining agriculture in some areas that have tourism potential. Experience of developed countries shows that community participation in rural development Agriculture Tourism is one of appropriate solutions. The aim of this study is to investigate the participation of local community in agriculture tourism planning in rural areas. The survey research method was descriptive and analytical and data is collected via survey. In according to the type of data، descriptive statistics such as mean frequency analysis methods such as test T، Friedman and correlation analysis was used. Rural areas of Tonekabon have a high potential for rural tourism. Therefore attract a lot of tourists. The area is suitable for agriculture tourism development. Research findings show that there is a significant positive relationship between job and community willingness to participate in the development of agriculture tourism. T-test results also confirm the existence of a partnership between the residents of the planning and operational capabilities to the development of agriculture tourism.

Concerning the contention of Pine and Gilmore (1999)، quality of experiences are directly affecting a business’s ability to generate revenue. However، extant tourism research has provided little explanation of the factors that make tourism experiences memorable. The purpose of this research is: identifying Factors affecting creation of a memorable tourism experience from cultural tourists’ perspective by using structural equation modelling. According to the

among core resources and attractors، culture and history; among qualifying and amplifying determinants، cost/ value and among supporting factors and resources، hospitality are the main elements which have more important role in creating memorable tourism experience. Furthermore، this research prioritized each memorable tourism experience dimensions from cultural tourists’ perspective. The findings indicated that affect، expectation، consequentiality and recollection dimensions have respectively more important role in creating memorable tourism experience. The article ends with a discussion of the implications of these results for tourism practitioners.

This study using descriptive-analytical method and based on logical relationships between the independent and dependent variables، survey effective factors on frequent visit of the Kandovan historical village. Due to unknown statistical population volume، 150 subjects were selected as sample. With respect to normal variables، were used regression stepwise method and pearson parametric tests. In first step interest to rocky architecture and in the second step، Facilities are used as independent variables into model. coefficient of interest to rocky architecture is 43 percent. namely with increasing one unit in a kind of interest to rocky architecture، the rate of interest to frequent visit increase 43 percent. Against to frequent visit from village kandovan، facilities with beta coefficient 25 percent، has a negative impact to frequent visit from village kandovan

In recent years، one of the reasons for environmental problems is human uses in form of nature tourism. Today، friendly behavior with nature is taken into consideration as a strategy for sustainable nature tourism. Given that the dominant type of tourism in the provinces bordering the sea in Iran is a coastal tourism، environmental behaviors of coastal tourists have been studied here. 330 questionnaires were distributed between the coastal tourists in Province of Mazandaran). Research results show that coastal tourism which has a higher environmental attitude، show more environmental behavior. The relationship between environmental behaviors، environmental concern and opportunities variables are not significant. On the other hand، the results indicate that environmental concerns، environmental values and environmental knowledge are related to environmental attitudes. The regression results also show that 45 percent of the variance in environmental attitudes is explained by these three variables. In fact، these results indicate that the variables in the theoretical model are suitable for explaining the dependent variable.

One of the most important consequences of tourism development، tourism development، especially in northern areas of arable and horticultural land is changed since the development of this type of resource-based tourism activities with an emphasis on suitable land to build the infrastructure of Housing and. The main purpose of this paper reviews the development of land use changes and development of tourism and second homes are in the city of Ramsar. Method of cross - sectional survey with emphasis on local authorities. The present study aimed at answering two main questions pen is below 0. 1 - a period of 24 years in Ramsar city land use changes is seen to themselves. 2 - The effects and consequences of change، what is inherited from the perspective of local residents. Response to the above two questions: First images of Landsat TM Landsat images in a 24-year period in 1989، 2000 and 2011 for the study area was prepared and processing of digital images to detect changes in the ENVI software took، maximum likelihood algorithm was used for classification in this area.

Rural areas due to their potentials and attractions have different species of tourism which two kinds of them are religious tourism and nature based tourism. The topic is the role that tourism on rural residents’ quality of life. Because of tourism and its species are among phenomena which are significant impact on the social، economic and welfare changes in rural areas. Accordingly، in this study in order to answer the key question: What is the difference between the role of religious tourism and nature based tourism in improving the quality of life of local residents in rural areas? The comparative study did for survey religious tourism and nature based tourism in quality of life of local residents in Emamzadeh Davood and Rendan villages (Tehran Township). This is a descriptive analytical research and data collections are documentary and survey. Results show that the religious tourism and nature based tourism play an effective role in improving the quality of life of local residents، there is a significant difference between their role and overall religious tourism have more effective role in improving the quality of life for local residents than nature based tourism.

Tourism is considered as one of the most important present issues in rural development In the present time، tourism is one of the most important issues in rural development which has different economic، social، cultural and environmental dimensions from sustainability point of view. Although tourism development is achieved through improving standards and quality of living، occupation and improving economic - social indicators، as one way of improving economy and social welfare، different adverse impacts in many economic and natural cases such as environmental damage would take place unless this development would be accomplished in a sustainable manner. In this study، the methodology is based on qualitative and quantitative blended approach which includes dynamic simulation by making the best use of I Think software and analytical and descriptive method in which the data is collected through questionnaire and interview from Farjin Village residents. According to final results، the research instruments are %83 by Cronbach’s Alpha Test; and، factor analysis investigations revealed that economic، social and environmental indicators are the components that are affected mostly by rural tourism so that it defines %70 of total variance of factors.