فصلنامه مطالعات روان شناسی ورزشی
پیاپی 11 (بهار 1394)

This research aims to conduct the identification of stress sources before starting the game by the Iranian national Greco-Roman wrestling team. This qualitative study is based on a phenomenological approach and purposive sampling method. In this regard، data were collected by using in-depth interviews with 8 members of selective competitor that invited to national team for the World Championships in 2014 and the Asian Games in2014. The results of the interviews showed that the sources of stress in participants were identified in three explanatory Codes as»experience «،» conditions «and» future challenges«. Result shown that needs and demands of athlete must be considered during the preparation and performance the interferences for management the stress before competition.

The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of normative feedback on beginner students’ intrinsic motivation in performance of postural stability. Thirty male students (22/2 ± 9/22) of Shahid Beheshti University were randomly assigned to three groups: positive and negative normative feedback and control groups. Acquisition phase consisted of 160 trials (16 blocks of 10 attempts) throughout 4 days. Normative feedback was provided in the form of a 10% higher or lower than the actual average training at the end of each block. Participants at the end of the acquisition phase completed the intrinsic motivation questionnaire. The results of ANOVA indicated that there are significance differences between groups in perceived competence، effort/importance subscales and also in the total score of the intrinsic motivation. According to these findings it suggest to coaches providing successful experiences by feedback presentation and emphasis on their positive function arise good effect on motor performance.

In this study، the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) among elite athletes were investigated. A sample of 385 (285 male and 100 female) elite athletes was chosen by cluster random sampling. According to result of experimental factor analysis، one structure with 2 factors components was found which encompassed % 45/06 of the total variability of the data. Result of Confirmatory factor analysis supported two factor structures of mental health (including psychological distress and psychological well-being)، has a good fit. To calculate the convergence and divergence validity، the Iranian Mental Health Scale was administered. The convergent validity of psychological distress was confirmed by negative subscale of IMHS (0/58 to 0/78) and the divergent validity was confirmed by positive subscale of IMHS (-0/76 to -0/77). The convergent (0/82 to 0/84) and divergent (-0/57 to -0/77) validity of well-being was also confirmed. The internal consistency (0/83) and test-retest reliability after a 21 day interval (0/81) showed that the MHI possessed suitable reliability coefficients. Other findings of this study showed that the average scores of psychological distress in male athletes was significantly lower than female athletes، and the psychological well-being in male athletes were significantly higher than female athletes. Altogether، results of the present study showed that after deleting 7 items، the MHI had satisfactory reliability and validity and it is considered a suitable tool for measuring psychological distress and well-being in athletes.

This study investigated the impulsivity in soccer goalkeepers in different skill levels. For this purpose، Thirty goalkeeper participated in this study in order of different skill levels with a mean age of 9/3 ± 65/28 years. Results showed that Goalkeepers impulsivity differed between different skill levels. It was found significant differences in attentional impulsivity and motor impulsivity and also in type I and type II error factor of continuous performance test items. No statistically significant differences in the recognition of impulsivity deciding factor in impulsivity and continuous performance test items also. It can be argued on the basis of these results that alongside other relevant variables for overcoming in Soccer Goalkeeping function in different skill levels، Impulsivity is one of the main adaptive mechanisms in players that can be considered in talent discussions.

The purpose of present research was to investigate the effect of aerobic activity intensity (low and moderate) on self-concept in older adults. The statistical sample included 45 volunteer elderly men with age range of 60-70 years old that divided randomly in two experimental groups and one control group. The exercise protocol consisted of 8 weeks aerobic exercises based on Rockport one-mile walking/running test. With uses specific chest belts، the exercise intensity was evaluated and controlled. All subjects in per and post test stages were completed the Tennessee self-concept scale (TSCS). Results in post-test stage showed that there were significant differences between control and experimental groups in self-concept components (P<0. 05). Also، the Bonferroni Post Hoc test showed that the moderate intensity group scores in self-concept components were better than other groups. Finally، the low intensity group scores were better than control group. Based on these findings، the moderate intensity aerobic exercises as a useful method for improve the self concept components among community older adults was recommended.

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between goal orientation and participation motivationin sport activities among girls. Therefore، 100 students from high schools with age average of 13. 05±0. 702 and 100 students from junior high schools with age average of 15. 86±1. 263 were selected by using cluster random sampling method from female students in Qazvin. Also 100 female university students from Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin with age average of 21. 32±1. 853 were selected by using random sampling method، among those who had physical education (1) and then their goal orientation and participation motivation in sport activities were measured. Results showed that by increasing of age، goal orientation and participation motivation decrease and there is a significant relationship between goal orientation and participation motivation in sport activities.

This study aims to provide designing and testing causal model of relation between dispositional flow، competitive anxiety، mental toughness and sport orientation in students of Physical Education. All students of Physical Education were selected as sampling group in 92-93 years. Respondents answered to Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ)، Dispositional Flow Scale-2 (DFS-2) and Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire and Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire. Results showed that proposed model are not graceful to the data and needs some requirements. Therefore، by omission of non-meaningful routes، fitting of final antecedent’s model with data was approved by RMSEA. Based on findings، dispositional flow، through Competitive anxiety، has indirect meaningful effect on mental toughness. But for dispositional flow، such indirect meaningful relation with sport orientation was not observed through competitive anxiety. This model can be a useful model for mental toughness of athletes.

This research studies relationship between intent motivation and attitude toward classroom physical activities among boys and girls bachelor students. For achievement to this purpose، study has been done in positivism paradigm، by quantitative approach and survey method. Population were bachelor students of Yazd university، that 709 persons of them have been selected by stratified sampling by these conditions: d=. 05، t= 1. 9. Data were analyzed by SPPSS16 software and some statics tests have been done on them. Results show that among boys and girls، two variables i. e. intent motivation and attitude toward classroom physical activities had a powerful and positive significant relationship. Also، intent motivation variable could explain 49. 4% of girl''s attitude toward classroom physical activities and 19. 5% of boy''s attitude. Finally we can conclusion that intent variable can explain girl''s attitude well، but for boys cannot. Thus we must attention to other factors for boy students too.