مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال ششم شماره 3 (پاییز 1397)

Excessive consumption of antibiotics and their incomplete metabolization in human and animals, as well as inadequate removal by conventional waste water system leads to the release of these chemicals into the environment. Antibiotics have adverse effects including bacterial resistance, digestive disorders and genotoxic. Therefore the aim of this study was to survey amoxicillin removal by photocatalytic process using magnesium oxide nanoparticles. This experimental study was carried in the form of batch in the laboratory. In this study, independent parameters including pH (3, 7, 11), magnesium oxide nanoparticles concentration (250, 500, 750 ml/L) and reaction time (30, 60, 90) were evaluated for getting high mineralization efficiency.  In order to achieve the optimal experimental conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) model was designed and applied. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis. According to the obtained results, the effect of independent parameters including pH and nanoparticles on removal process was significant (p-value<0.05) and the highest efficiency for mineralization of amoxicillin was achieved 79.0% in optimum condition pH: 11, nanoparticle concentration: 500 mg/L and reaction time: 90 min. Photocatalytic process using magnesium oxide can be considered as an effective method for amoxicillin removal from aqueous solution.

Bacterial superantigens, stimulate polyclonal T cells irrespective of their antigen specificity, resulting in a massive release of cytokines from T cells and monocytes, and suggest that that they could be candidates of new antitumor agents. Recent attempts have been done to specifically target superantigens towards tumors. Here, we evaluate TGFαL3-SEB fusion protein as a new antitumor candidate by genetically fusing the third loop of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalphaL3) to staphylococcal enterotoxin type B. Recombinant TGFαL3-SEB sequence was constructed by fusing the N-terminal of tgfαl3 and C-terminal of seb using hydrophobic GGSGSGGG amino acid linker. In this study, gene coding for the SEB superantigen was amplified. The PCR product containing the seb gene was digested by EcoRI and HindIII and cloned in pET28a expression vector. Then the synthetic tgfα-linker sequence was digested by BamHI and EcoRI and cloned in pET28::seb vector. The recombinant pET28:tgfαl3-seb transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). Expression of recombinant protein was examined by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. In vitro antitumor activity against MDA-MB-468, human breast cancer cells expressing EGFR, was evaluated. Cloning of tgfαl3-seb was confirmed by colony-PCR, enzymatic digestion and sequencing. The recombinant TGFαL3-SEB fusion protein with molecular weights of 31kDa was expressed and confirmed by anti-his western-blot analysis. The TGFaL3-SEB chimeric protein exhibited potent in vitro antitumor activity. Our findings indicated that TGFαL3-SEB fusion protein can be successfully constructed expressed and purified and may serve as a useful antitumor candidate for breast cancer immunotherapy.

Increase in cardiovascular disease risk factors in postmenopausal women is because of adverse changes in plasma lipoproteins due to the lack of estrogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined training with and without flaxseed consumption on estrogen, lipid level and body composition in sedentary postmenopausal ‎women. In this semi-experimental study, 30 sedentary ‎postmenopausal ‎women within the age range of ‎50 to 60 years old were selected as volunteers and were divided into two groups: Combined training (n=15) and combined training + flaxseed (n=15).  The exercise protocol included 8 weeks of aerobic training with the intensity of 60% to 80% of the maximal heart rate and the resistance training with the intensity of 60% to 80% of one-repetition maximum. The second group, in addition to physical training, consumed 25 grams of flaxseed. Data were analyzed by paired-samples t-test and independent-samples t-test at a significance level of p<0.05. In the combined training group, estrogen and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased, whereas the BMI and triglyceride were decreased (p>0.05). In the combined exercise group with flaxseed consumption, estrogen, and high-density lipoprotein were increased significantly, whereas the BMI and triglyceride (p=0.015) were decreased (p>0.05). Collectively, combining exercise with and without flaxseed can reduce the complications of menopause by improving the lipid and estrogen levels as well as body composition. It can act as an effective strategy to increase cardiovascular endurance by maximizing the amount of oxygen consumed.

Thyroid hormones play critical roles in regulating body metabolism, reproduction, fertility, and the continuation of fertility and delivery. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of thyroid hormones on fertility rate, duration of pregnancy, childbirth success rate, number of neonates and weight of one-day old female mice. 30 adult female mice were selected with the mean weight of 28 g and divided into three groups: Control group, pure water, low dose group, receiving 20 mg/100 ml, and high dose group receiving 100 mg/100 ml of Methimazole powder dissolved in water until the end of pregnancy. In each group, the duration of pregnancy, the number of successful delivery and the weight of newborns were evaluated on the first day of birth. Also, after the end of pregnancy, the mice were sacrificed, then blood samples were taken and the serum levels of thyroid hormones level were measured. In this study, SPSS software version 22 and one way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The rate of successful delivery among different groups were as follows: 9/10 in control group, 8/10 in low dose group and 4/10 in high does group in which the reduction rate was statistically significant compared to the control group (P = 0.032) .The pregnancy period in both experimental groups did not show a significant increase compared to the control group, the number of newborns in each successful delivery showed a significant decrease compared to the control group in both experimental groups (low dose 0.039, high dose 0.042). The study suggests that reducing thyroid hormone after insemination can also affect embryo-fetal development, reducing births and increasing abortions.

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common diseases in different societies. Coronary angiography is established as one of the best methods for diagnosis of this disease. Angiography is an invasive and costly method. Furthermore, it is associated with risks such as death, heart attack, and stroke. Thus, this study introduces a neuro-fuzzy-based method which can help the physicians in prediction of patient’s coronary artery condition. This is an analytical study carried on 200 patients of Cardiovascular Center in Torbat Heydarieh. Patient records include 13 risk factors and are non-attributable. In this work, models are presented based on data mining methods for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease Furthermore, artificial neural network and neuro-fuzzy method were used for modeling the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The mean square error (MSE) of prediction for artificial neural network and neuro-fuzzy method were p=0.2574 and p=0.0007, respectively. Since angiography is invasive and associated with various risks, we suggest the use of non-invasive methods with low error and high reliability. New data mining strategies can be effective in reducing the mentioned complications.

To reduce the complications of pregnancy and childbirth, it is necessary to identify the most effective way to provide integrated services. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting the delivery of prenatal care using the theory of planned behavior. This descriptive - analytic cross - sectional study was conducted in 2018-2019. The study population included women who participated in pre-marriage training classes, of which 150 were randomly selected. For the tool, a questionnaire was developed in the framework of planning behavior theory. Descriptive statistics, linear regression and univariate analysis of variance were performed using SPSS software version 22. The mean age of participants was 24.67 ± 5.96 years. The mean score for attitude was 41.01 ± 5.88, the mean score for subjective norms 25.53 ± 4.92, mean score for perceived behavioral control 24.77 ± 4.94, and mean score The behavioral intention of individuals was 32.06 ± 5.85. In the first stage, attitude was the most predictive of behavioral intention, and in the second stage, the combination of perceived behavioral control with an attitude of intention to do behavior increased by 12% (p = 0.0001). Women have a positive attitude towards the importance of preconception care, but their perceived behavioral control is low. Strengthening perceived behavioral control increases behavioral intent. Moreover, training men in this area will increase the positive mental norms.

The study of anthropometric measurements at birth leads to the identification of neonates with abnormal intrauterine growths and provides desirable care for the neonates who are at risk of postpartum complications. This study aimed to determine the anthropometric measurements among full term neonates in Torbat Heydariyeh city compared to the global standards reported by the World Health Organization and the Center for Disease Control within 2017-2018. In this cross sectional study, a number of 200 healthy full term born in the 9-Day Teaching Hospital of Torbat Heydariyeh were evaluated. Maternal fundal height and abdominal circumference before birth and neonates' anthropometric parameters such as birth weights, crown-heel length, head and chest circumferences were taken within 24 hours of birth using standard techniques. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16.0 . Based on the findings, the female birth weight mean was lower than the average of WHO and CDC. In males, the mean weight was significantly less than the 50th CDC percentile (p=0.001). Inconsistently, the average height of male and femaleneonates were significantly higher than the WHO and CDC values (P<0.05). The males and females head circumference mean did not differ from the WHO values (p>0.05), but it was significantly less than CDC values (p=0.001). There was a positive correlation between all anthropometric measurements with gestational age, fundal height and maternal abdominal circumference (p <0.05). The mean distance from the previous birth was inversely related to the height (p=0.021) and head circumference (p=0.037) of the neonates. The males and females birth weight and head circumference mean was lower from the values reported by CDC and the female birth weight mean and the males and females head circumference mean was lower from the values reported by WHO. Further studies are suggested to be performed in other regions of the country to assess other probable factors associated with these indicators.

The growing population of the elderly has become one of the serious challenges in health systems. The purpose of this study is to provide a picture of the growth of the elderly population in Iran and worldwide in order to set policies to provide health services for this category of the population. This is a review study about aging. Relevant studies available on EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed /Medline, Google scholar were identified and used. In the next step, screening was conducted regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in three phases (according to the title, abstract and original paper) and data extraction on the remaining articles was performed. After searching, screening and quality assessment studies, related articles Showed that the world population is rapidly aging.It is expected from about10.5 % to about 21.8 % in 2007, will rise in 2050. It is expected that in 2050, the elderlypopulation will reach 21 % of the world population. Regarding the increasing growth of the elderly population in our country, maintaining and improving the health and quality of life in old age is more important than ever. Therefore, it is suggested that policy-making be conducted to ensure the health of the elderly and to improve their lifestyle, and planning in this regard should be one of the main priorities of the welfare and health system of the country.