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Patient safety and quality improvement - Volume:5 Issue: 2, Spring 2017

Journal Of Patient safety and quality improvement
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Spring 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/02/29
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Shapour Badiee Aval, Maryam Yaghoobi, Mohammad Hasan Ezzati, Maliheh Ziaee *, Reza Vafaeenejad, Gholamrezza Bakhtiari, Irandokht Mostafavi, Behnaz Samiee Daluee Pages 509-512
    Introduction
    Needle-stick injuries are the second most commonly reported adverse incident and constitute a major hazard for the transmission of blood transmitted diseases. The incidence of Needle stick is higher than the reported cases in different countries. Reporting of these exposures is often a challenge for HCWs (health care workers). This article describes the prevalence of occupational injuries caused by contacting patients with needle and sharp objects and fluids of the patients’ body fluids in HCWs.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study has been conducted in 4 hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of medical sciences, Iran during 2008-2015. We assessed self-reported occupational exposures in HCWs includes nurse, physician, medical student and other.
    Results
    Among the HCWs with NSIs, other personnel includes paramedics, assistants, crew, midwife, operation room personnel, and laboratory, radiology and physiotherapy personnel had the highest percentage of needle stick contact , followed by nurses. Self-reporting of needle-stick has been growing in this period. In this study, the hepatitis B immunity in sharps injury recipients was 90-95% in 2015.
    Conclusion
    The prevalence of needle stick in HCWs is high. Preventive strategies had to be devised. Use of safety engineering devices, to encourage recording and reporting of incidents, hepatitis B immunity, serological tests, follow-up post exposure, training in precaution standard is necessary for HCWs and medical students.
    Keywords: Blood, Healthcare worker, Injury, Needle
  • Shadi Mahmoudi *, Mohammad Hassani, Siamak Aghlmand Pages 513-520
    Introduction
    Justice has been recognized as the pivot of different organizational research, that the designation of the causal pattern involving the most important variables associated with it was the main objective of the present study.
    Materials And Methods
    This was a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population consisted of all nurses of Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia (n= 420), of which 201 nurses were selected by using Morgan’s table and by random sampling method. The instruments included questionnaires of organizational justice, organizational commitment, organizational trust, job satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior whose reliability and validity were confirmed. The structural equations model method was used to analyze the data.
    Results
    The results showed there was a positive and significant relationship between justice perception with organizational commitment, organizational trust, and job satisfaction. In addition, the mediating role of organizational commitment and trust was acknowledged in the relationship between justice and citizenship behavior in the model; however, the mediating role of satisfaction was not fitted in the relationship between justice and citizenship.
    Conclusion
    According the research results that there was a positive and significant relationship between perception of justice with organizational commitment, organizational trust, and job satisfaction, paying attention to organizational justice for improving the staff’s organizational citizenship behavior is critical and indicates the distinct position of this variable in improving all attitudinal and behavioral variables and consequently in the hospital employees’ performance.
    Keywords: Job satisfaction, Organizational citizenship behavior, Organizational commitment, Organizational justice, Organizational trust
  • Hamidreza Jamilian, Mehry Jamilian*, Shirin Soltany Pages 521-525
    Introduction
    Along with some authors through literature indicating the influence of infertility on the quality of life, this study aimed at comparing the impact of infertility on the quality of life and social support among fertile and infertile women.
    Materials And Methods
    In this case-control study, 50 hospitalized and outpatient infertile women and 50 fertile women aged 20-40 referred to gynecology, obstetrics and infertility centers of Arak University of Medical Sciences from March 2013 to August 2013. The patients were requested to complete the Persian version of the WHOQOL-BREF (world health organization quality of life) and social support questionnaires. The demographic data and data extracted from questionnaires were collected and analyzed.
    Results
    100 women (50 infertile and 50 fertile) with the average age of 33.70±6.53 were recruited. All patients were literate and had a high school diploma. To compare two groups regarding physical health, mental health, social relationship, quality of life, family support, friends’ support, support of other people and social support, we made use of one-way ANOVA. The score obtained from variables regarding infertile women was higher than that of fertile ones, and the difference between the two groups was significant. To compare environmental health, we used Kruskal-Wallis test. The mean score of environmental health among infertile women was higher than that of fertile women, however, the difference was not significant (P= 0.15).
    Conclusion
    As indicated by the results, infertility reduces mental and physical health, social relationship and quality of life in women. Additionally, it was found that infertile women were less supported than fertile ones by society, family, friends and other people.
    Keywords: Fertility, Infertility, Quality of life (QOL), Social support
  • Afarideh Tikdari Nejad *, Noshirvan Khezri Moghadam Pages 526-530
    Introduction
    The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between irrational beliefs and marital conflicts.
    Materials And Methods
    The research method was correlation and regression analysis. A total of 150 couples (150 females, 150 males) who were selected through available sampling method participated in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS), and the Survey of Personal Beliefs (SPB). Comparative data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 19.
    Results
    The result showed a significant positive association between irrational beliefs and its subscales awfulizin (r=0/157, p
    Conclusion
    In conclusion, the present study offers support for a relationship between the irrational beliefs postulated by Rational-Emotive Behavior therapy and marital conflict and indicates that couples with high irrational beliefs had a great number and frequency of conflicts and felt themselves more tense. Findings of this research can be used in marital consultation.
    Keywords: Irrational beliefs, Marital conflicts, Rational Emotive Behavior therapy
  • Mehrane Mehramiz, Tannaz Jami Alahmadi, Mohsen Nematy, Abdolreza Norouzy * Pages 531-534
    Introduction
    Malnutrition is a prevalent problem in hospitalized patients, causing a wide range of negative clinical and economic challenges. Protected mealtimes (PM) aim to enhance the quality of mealtime experience, improve nutrient status in hospitalized patients, and limit all non-essential interruptions so that patients might eat in a clean, quiet, and safe environment.
    Materials And Methods
    This study is a clinical audit and was conducted in Mashhad teaching hospitals in order to evaluate mealtime interruptions that occurred among non-nutritional staff and influenced their food intake. Data were collected by direct observation. Lunchtime was chosen for audit because medical interruptions were more likely to happen during this meal. Two researchers (one dietitian, student and one dietetic assistant) observed lunch mealtime. The mealtime environment was monitored, and every negative interruption was registered. Exclusion criteria included patients who were nil-by-mouth or received enteral or parenteral nutrition.
    Results
    A total of 208 patients were involved in the audit. The recorded negative interruptions included medical round, educational round, nurses’ change-of-shift, and activities of environmental service workers. Among interruptions, both medical round and nurses’ change-of-shift were the most frequent. All mealtime interruptions summarized to medical round (2.5%) (including serum replace, drug injection, and IV replace), change-of-shift (2.5%), environmental-service-worker activities (2%), and educational round (2%).
    Conclusion
    Our study demonstrated that non-urgent interruptions during mealtimes were not adhered to PM guidelines, indicating the importance of addressing mealtime related issues in hospitals.
    Keywords: Hospitalized patients, Malnutrition, Negative interruption, Protected mealtime
  • Neda Pirbonyeh, Abdollah Bazargani, Amir Emami *, Zahra Anvar, Seied Mohsen Hosseini, Mitra Zardosht, Bahram Derakhshan Pages 535-541
    Introduction
    Burn is a devastating form of trauma, and based on its condition, it could run the risk of infections. Infection of wound is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in burn cases. The current study investigates the prevalence of infectious agent in three years and antibiotic resistant pattern to improve and predispose a good policy of treatment in our environment.
    Materials And Methods
    In the present study, a total number of 3330 samples from 713 patients were evaluated for detection of the most prevalent infections and for finding out the antibiotic susceptibility pattern with routine microbiology procedures.
    Results
    Based on the results, 598 samples were reported positive. According to the results Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter sp. were the three most prevalent bacteria with a prevalence rate of 42.1%, 22.1% and 18.4% respectively. Furthermore, based on the results of distribution and diversity of bacterial infections, wound samples were the most infected samples with 73.6% of total infections. Finally, during these three years, there were no significant changes in the resistance pattern of Gram positive and Gram negative infectious agents.
    Conclusion
    By evaluating the infectious agents during the period of the study, it was found that due to the focus on treatment of Gram negative bacteria, Gram positive bacteria especially Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus have at least doubled. This increase in two important nosocomial infections is a next threat of infection and septicemia for burn victims.
    Keywords: Antibiotic resistant, Burn, Nosocomial infection, Treatment policy