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Chemical Health Risks - Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2017

Journal of Chemical Health Risks
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Tsdale F. Mehari, Checo J. Rorie, Sherette S. Godfrey, Radiah C. Minor, Sayo O. Fakayode Page 1
    The hazardous consequences of heavy metal ions (HMIs) on human health necessitate the immediate need to probe fundamentally the interactions and cytotoxic effects of HMIs on humans. This study investigated the influence of five toxic HMIs (arsenic (As (III)), cadmium (Cd (II)), chromium (Cr (VI)), mercury (Hg (II)), and lead (Pb (II))) on human TNBC (HCC 1806) cell viability using optical microscopy, trypan blue dye-exclusion assays, and flow cytometry. The TNBC cells were exposed to varying concentrations of HMIs for 24 and 48 hours. We evaluated the influence of the concentrations and duration of HMIs exposure on TNBC cell viability. Light microscopy, cell viability assays, revealed that after 48-hour treatment of TNBC cells with 1 x 10-5 M of As (III), Cd (II), Hg (II), Cr (IV), and Pb (II) resulted in cell viabilities of 23%, 34%, 35%, 56%, 91% respectively, suggesting that As (III) has the greatest cytotoxicity (77% cell death) while Pb (II) showed the least (9% cell death). Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed that while Pb (II), As (III) and Cr (IV) had significant increases in cell death, Hg (II) caused a G1 arrest. Together, this study revealed that HMIs cause a differential cytotoxic effect on TNBC cells and suggest that they may have very different genotoxic targets and implications in their mutagenic potential.
    Keywords: Heavy, Metal, Ions, Human, Triple, Negative, Breast, Cancer, Cells, HCC1806, Cells Cell, Viability, Cytotoxicity, Optical, Microscopy, Cell, Death, Flow Cytometry
  • Mohsen Mansouri, Mohsen Nademi, Mohammad Ebrahim Olya, Hossein Lotfi Page 19
    In this study, the TiO2-ZnO-CuO nanoparticles were primed by sol-gel method characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), for degradation of MTBE solution in water. The effectiveness of the treatment method applied for the degradation of MTBE based on an advanced photocatalytic oxidation process was investigated. The three various key parameters were optimized using response surface modeling namely: pH, TiO2-ZnO-CuO concentration and the initial MTBE concentrations. The optimized values were obtained at the PH (7), TiO2-ZnO-CuO concentration (1.49 g/L), and the initial MTBE concentration (31.46 mg/L). Finally, kinetics reaction of degradtion MTBE was carried in the optimum conditions.
    Keywords: Photocatalytic degradation_MTBE_TiO2 – ZnO_CuO nanoparticles_Response surface modeling
  • Sonia Ghiasi, Sadegh Maleki Mansourabad, Samie Faridniya Faridniya, Amin Abdollahzade Fard, Naseh Abdollahzade Fard Page 33
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks moderate intensity aerobic exercise on leptin and C-reactive protein serum levels in obese men. The study was conducted in Urmia- Iran in 2015. Twenty-four obese men with an aged range 40-50 yrs. were enrolled into the study. Subjects were randomized to one of 2 groups exercise (n=12) and control groups (n=12). The exercise group performed aerobic exercise training up to 50-70 % heart rate reserve, three times a week for 12 weeks. Leptin and CRP serum level was measured by ELISA method before and after the 12 weeks. After 12 weeks exercise training, leptin and CRP serum level in the exercise group compared to the control group, were decreased significantly (P
    Keywords: CRP, Leptin, Obese men, Physical activity
  • Adeleh Sobhanipour, Keivan Behboudi, Esmaeil Mahmoudi, Mohsen Farzaneh Page 39
    The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria is becoming a serious problem. The rise of multiresistance strains has forced the pharmaceutical industry to come up with new generation of more effective and potent antibiotics, therefore creating development of antivirulence compounds. Due to extensive usage of cell-to-cell bacterial communication (QS) systems to monitor the production of virulence factors, disruption of QS system results in creation of a promising strategy for the control of bacterial infection. Numerous natural quorum quenching (QQ) agents have been identified. In addition, many microorganisms are capable of producing smaller molecular QS inhibitors and/or macromolecular QQ enzymes. In present survey, anti QS activity of 1280 rhizosphere bacteria was assessed using the Pectobacterium carotovorum as AHL-donor and Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 as biosensor system. The results showed that 61 strains had highly AHL-degrading activity. Both Lux I and Lux R activity were affected by some isolates, suggesting that the rhizobacteria target both QS signal and receptor. These soil microorganisms with their anti-QS activity have the potential to be novel therapeutic agents for reducing virulence and pathogenicity of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
    Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, AHL, Rhizobacteria, Anti QS
  • Faezeh Khalilian, Feloria Khajoie Kermani Page 49
    A surface molecularly imprinted dispersive solid phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection is proposed as a selective and fast clean-up technique for the determination of sertraline in biological sample. Surface sertraline-molecular imprinted polymer was grafted and synthesized on the SiO2/graphene oxide surface. Firstly SiO2 was coated on synthesized graphene oxide sheet using sol-gel technique. Prior to polymerization, the vinyl group was incorporated on to the surface of SiO2/graphene oxide to direct selective polymerization on the surface. Methacrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and ethanol were used as monomer, cross-linker and progen, respectively. Non-imprinted polymer was also prepared for comparing purposes. The properties of the molecular imprinted polymer were characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods. The surface molecular imprinted polymer was utilized as an adsorbent of dispersive solid phase extraction for separation and preconcentration of sertraline. The effects of the different parameters influencing the extraction efficiency, such as sample pH were investigated and optimized. The specificity of the molecular imprinted polymer over the non-imprinted polymer was examined in absence and presence of competitive drugs. Sertraline calibration curve showed linearity in the ranges 1–500 µg L-1. The limits of detection and quantification under optimized conditions were obtained 0.2 and 0.5 µg L-1. The within-day and between-day relative standard deviations (n=3) were 4.3 and 7.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the relative recoveries for spiked biological samples were above 92%.
    Keywords: Biological liquids analysis, Sertraline, Dispersive solid phase extraction, SiO2, graphene oxide, Surface molecular imprinted polymer
  • Hossein Abbaspour, Sahar Soleymanian Page 61
    Microalgae are a group of organisms, which have a significant potential for industrial applications. These algae contain large amounts of lipids compounds that are beneficial to health, have antibacterial properties, and their extracted oil can be used for biofuel. In this study, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Beijernick was grown in the culture medium BG-11 containing aluminium (AlCl3) under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. In each case, survival and growth, dry weight, internal aluminium content of the sample, antibacterial properties, the content of fatty acids accumulated in the algae and secreted into the culture medium in the logarithmic growth phase were studied. Aluminium significantly increased (P
    Keywords: Antibacterial, Autotrophic, Fatty acids, Green algae Chlorella vulgaris Beijernick, Heterotrophic
  • Soheil Sobhanardakani, Lobat Taghavi Page 71
    This study was carried out for analysis and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of arsenic (As) and zinc (Zn) in some of consumed brands of ghee marketed in Kermanshah City, western Iran in 2015. For this purpose, 12 samples of four popular brands of ghee were analyzed for levels of As and Zn after digestion with acids using atomic absorption spectrometry in 3 replications and health index was obtained. The results showed that the mean concentrations of As and Zn in ghee samples were 0.37±0.12 and 272.83±81.55 µg/kg, respectively. The mean concentration of As and Zn in ghee samples were lower than WHO maximum permissible limits (100 µg/kg for As and 10000 µg/kg for Zn). In addition, health risk assessment showed that no potential risk for children and adult by consume of the ghee samples. According to the results, although consumption of studied ghee has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, but concerning to the grazing the livestock on soils polluted by heavy metals due to the increased use of agricultural inputs by farmers, industrial development and establishment of pastures near the roads, it is very important to take the appropriate measures during the production process and the treat products before selling them to markets by companies.
    Keywords: Arsenic, Zinc, Ghee, Health risk assessment, Food safety
  • Mehdi Mohammadalikhani, Soheil Lameeihassankiadeh, Saltanat Najjar Lashgari, Firouz Abbasian Page 77
    The majority of fungicides, including captan, used in gardens and farms are washed into the aquatic environments. These compounds can lead to extensive side effects on the inhabitants living in that exposed area. In this research, toxicity of captan on fingerling grass carps (3-5 g) was studied. Based on the results, captan was categorized as an acute toxin with LC5096h and MAC values of 0.9 and 0.09 mg/ml, respectively. This toxin damaged severely the gills and liver of fishes and the toxic severity increased in higher doses of the toxin. Furthermore, hematochemical studies showed significant drops in all red blood cell criteria, except for MCH (mean corpuscular haemoglobin) and MCV (mean corpuscular volume). Besides, captan decreased significantly the total immunoglobulin and white blood cell counts, except for monocytes and neutrophils. As a conclusion, captan causes detrimental effects on several tissues of Ctenopharyngodon idella, and therefore limited utilisation of this fungicide is recommended strongly.
    Keywords: Captan, Hematology, Grass carp fishes, Histology