فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine
Volume:8 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/12/27
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Farnaz Rahmani, Farzad Rahmani *, Mitra Niafar, Ali Ostadi, Navideh Robai, Fariba Abdollahi, Samira Asadollahi Pages 5-10
    Background
    Suicide is a major public health concern across the world. Based on related studies, thyroid dysfunction is associated with psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to determine the relationship between thyroid function tests and serum prolactin in women with suicide attempt.
    Methods
    A total of 261 women with the suicide attempt were included in this descriptive-analytical study which took over one year (July 2015- July 2016). In addition, the patients’ serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), free T4, and prolactin were measured, too.
    Results
    Of 261 patients, 44(16.9%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 3(1.1%) clinical hypothyroidism, and 1(0.4%) hyperthyroidism. The median value of serum prolactin in the patients with decreased thyroid function was higher. There were not significant relationship between suicide attempts and thyroid dysfunction or serum level of prolactin.
    Conclusion
    Although there was no significant relationship between thyroid test, serum level of prolactin and suicide attempts, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and high serum levels of prolactin were clinically significant in women who attempted suicide. Thus, the measurement of serum TSH, free T4 and serum levels of prolactin could be considered for these patients.
    Keywords: Suicide, Women, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Prolactin
  • Atousa Aminzadeh, Samaneh Jafarzadeh, Ania Aminzadeh, Arash Ghodousi * Pages 11-14
    Background
    Carabelli cusp is a dental morphologic anomaly arising on the palatal side of the mesiopalatal cusp of maxillary first or second molars. It is believed that this cusp is seen in people with larger teeth. Since it has different prevalence among populations, it can be used in forensic dentistry. As well, dentists should be aware of common dental anomalies that might impact dental treatments. In this study, the prevalence of Carabelli cusp and its relation to tooth size in permanent and deciduous dentitions in Iranian population was assessed.
    Methods
    This analytic-descriptive study was performed on 129 (43 deciduous, 86 permanent) patients and their dental casts. First and second molars were observed for the presence of Carabelli cusp. Mesiodistal width of teeth was recorded by using a vernier calliper. The data were analyzed by the Independent t test, Chi-square and Mann Whitney statistical tests using SPSS 18.
    Results
    Frequency of Carabelli trait were respectively 72% and 62% in deciduous and permanent dentitions. No significant difference was seen between males and females in this study in both studied dentitions (P>0.05). Dentitions with Carabelli cusp had larger mesiodistal width compared to other groups in both dentitions (P
    Conclusion
    Carabelli cusp in the studied Iranian population was higher compared to other Asian populations. In addition, its bilateral occurrence like a shallow groove in first maxillary molars was related to larger tooth size in both dentitions.
    Keywords: Anthropology, Carabelli anomaly, Deciduous tooth, Tooth abnormalities, Permanent tooth
  • Salimata Traore*, Touridomon Issa SomÉ, Assita Lamien Sanou, Alphonse Yakoro, Pierre Innocent Guissou Pages 15-20
    Background
    To analyze the features of the acute poisoning cases admitted to Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU) in Ouagadougou.
    Methods
    It is a prospective study conducted in 2014. All the poisoning cases admitted to the Medical and Paediatric Emergency services in Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU) in Ouagadougou since January to December 2014 were included in this study. The clinical records of poisoned patients were analysed. The data collection was done through a questionnaire.
    Results
    Acute poisoning comprised 672(5%) out of 13442 of all the admissions to the Medical and Paediatric Emergency services in Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU) in Ouagadougou. About 47% of the poisoned were children up to 16 years old. Also, 55% of the poisoned were female. Medicines were the major responsible factor (41%) and then household products (27%). The poisonings were mainly (70%) accidental and unintentional; and the remaining were intentional (suicide attempt). The study tools were clinical diagnosis, history taking, and physical examination. The outcomes were positive in 70% of the cases; but negative and resulting in death in 3% of cases. About 7% of those poisoned ran away during their hospitalisation and 20% were transferred to other wards for the rest of their treatment.
    Conclusion
    The study provided an inventory of the situation regarding acute poisoning in the emergency services of Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou.
    Keywords: Epidemiology, Acute poisoning, Medical emergency, Ouagadougou
  • Amal Nishantha Vadysinghe*, Deepthi Edussuriya, Mukalanyaya Ranasinghege Yahani Lakma, Chandishni Ishara Kaluarachchi, Dineshi Nadeera Nanayakkara Pages 21-28
    Background
    The prevalence of intimate partner violence is high in Sri Lanka. To identify the socio-demographic profile, nature of abuse and help seeking behavior of victims of IPV in the central province, Sri Lanka.
    Methods
    All victims of IPV presenting to the two medical units from 2005 to 2014 were included.
    Results
    All were female; 33.1% were between the ages of 31 to 40 years; 90.5% were married; and 64.5% were financially dependent on the other partner. Thirty two percent were educated to a level above the ordinary level examination. Sixty four percent did not report a history of abuse among parents while 25% of accused partners and 7% of victims reported abuse among parents. Majority of victims (45%) experienced both physical and verbal abuse with a significant majority experiencing physical abuse alone. The victim’s confidence in legal authorities’ decreased with increasing number of lodged police complaints. Considering the current episode, 43.8% stated the reason for admission to hospital as for security. Inquiry on the future course of action regarding the relationship revealed that 59.5% would accept the partner in spite of abuse while only 7.85% wanted legal separation or divorce.
    Conclusion
    Majority of victims were between 31-40 years, and financially dependent on their partner. Majority of victims were experienced both physical and verbal abuse. Even though help was sought from the police as means of protection only a few wanted legal separation.
    Keywords: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), Socio-demographic profile, Type of abuse, Help seeking behavior
  • Somayeh Karimi Jeshni *, Mitra Akhlaghi, Masoomeh Varzandeh Pages 29-36
    Background
    Identification is an important and difficult part of forensic medicine. This study investigated the accuracy of using Maximum Length of Radius (MLR) and Maximum distal Width of Radius (MWR) measurements in radiographic images to determine sex in Iranian population. Moreover, the correlation between these parameters was evaluated.
    Methods
    This study was carried out on radiographic images of 90 adults (45 men and 45 women) over 20 years old. The sample population was divided into three age groups of 20-34, 35-49, and ≥50 years old. Maximum length and width of radius were measured digitally and then analyzed.
    Results
    The mean values of both measurements in men were more than those in women and radius length decreased with increasing age. The accuracy of these two measured parameters in determining sex was similar (83.3%). Moreover, the correlation values (r) between MLR and MWR were 0.49 (P
    Conclusion
    Sex can be determined using MLR or MWR with relatively high accuracy. However, regarding the intermediate correlation between these values, it is not enough to estimate the corresponding MLR from MWR.
    Keywords: Forensic science, Sex determination, Maximum length of radius bone, Maximum distal width of radius bone, Radiography, Forensic identification
  • Mohammad Javad Behzadnia*, Fatemeh Saboori Pages 37-39
    Introduction
    Sewing needle is one of the most prevalent foreign bodies reported in child abuse cases. However, foreign body presented as insect bite is extremely rare.
    Case Presentation
    Our case was a 20-month-old boy, admitted for his right knee swelling and discomfort on walking in the morning of admission. There was only a small red point on the medial side of his knee suggesting an insect bite. Because a metal object was found in his radiologic assessment; further investigation was done because of suspected child abuse. Eventually, a sewing needle was selectively removed in the operating room.
    Conclusion
    A high index of suspicion is required to distinguish such a rare case. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is the cornerstone of the foreign body detection in the emergency department.
    Keywords: Child abuse, Sewing needle, Foreign body, Knee