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Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences
ISSN 2322-1232
فصلنامه داراي رتبه علمي - پژوهشي (پزشکي) به زبان انگليسي
سال هفتم، شماره 3، 2018
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 | Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Pistacia Atlantica Subsp. Kurdica from Awraman Dara Dastan * , Seyed Mostafa Nachvak , Seyran Hosseini , Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi , Mansour Rezaei Pages 222-230
Abstract Full Text [PDF 736KB] | | Pistacia atlantica subsp. kurdica is an important food source and a well-known medicinal plant in Zagros Mountains of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate phytochemical composition and biological activity of P. atlantica hulls. The phenolics profile of P. atlantica hulls extract was analyzed using the Reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography equipped with photodiode array detector (RP-HPLC-PDA) and the chemical composition of essential oil was determined using the Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography – Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of hydro-alcoholic extract of P. atlantica hulls were measured by Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods، respectively. The antioxidant activity of hydro-alcoholic extract was studied by using 2،2-diphenyl،1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Quantitative HPLC analysis indicated that ferulic acid، quercetin and naringenin are the main phenolic compounds in plant extract. In total، 55 compounds were identified and the main identified compounds of the essential oil were α-pinene and bornyl acetate. The hydro-alcoholic extract showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 =75 µg ml-1. The total phenolic content of extract was 15.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight، and the total flavonoid content of extract was 28 mg quercetin /g dry weight. The data of this study suggests that P. atlantica has potential for application as an antioxidant agent in pharmaceutical and food industries.
Keywords: Pistacia Atlantica Subsp. Kurdica Hulls , Essential Oil , Antioxidant , Phenolic Content , Flavonoid Content
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 | The Effect of Anthraquinones Fractions from Morinda Citrifolia Leaves against Pathogenic Bacteria with Antioxidant Activities AbdulMuhsin Shami * Pages 231-239
Abstract Full Text [PDF 763KB] | | The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities from anthraquinones fractions from leaves of Morinda citrifolia. Anthraquinones fraction from the leaves of M. citrifolia exhibited significant inhibition against the test of bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Anthraquinones fraction of the leaves have antioxidant activities. LC-MS analysis of anthraquinones of the M. citrifolia leaves identified specific compounds in these fractions. Scanning electron microscope results of these substances showed significant morphological changes of cell wall membrane and destruction of bacterial cell. It could be concluded that the anthraquinones of the part of this plant had a good antibacterial and antioxidant effects. The results suggest the anthraquinones of the part of this plant can be a new source of antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria and antioxidant source.
Keywords: Morinda Citrifolia , Anthraquinones , Well Diffusion Assay , DPPH Assay , Pathogenic Bacteria
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 | Effect of Combined Exposure to Chronic High Fat Diet and Arsenic on Kidney Function in Male Mice azin samimi * , Akram Ahangarpour , Leila Zeidooni , Soheila Alboghobeish , Layasadat Khorsandi , Aliakbar oroojan Pages 240-249
Abstract Full Text [PDF 1866KB] | | A number of risk factors could potentially affect the process of arsenic-induced kidney diseases. Arsenic is a common environmental and occupational contaminant dispersed world-wide، which can have an influence on developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) by several mechanisms. In recent years، alteration in the lifestyle as well as food habits among the people led to an increased use of food comprising a high-fat level. This important susceptible factor can have an effect on toxicity induced by arsenic. The present study was designed to evaluate the chronic exposure high fat diet (HFD) on arsenic-induced oxidative stress in kidney tissue of mice. Mice were randomly divided into 6 different groups (n=12). A low fat diet (LFD) control، LFD + arsenic 25 ppm، LFD + arsenic 50 ppm، HFD control، HFD + arsenic 25 ppm، HFD +arsenic 50 ppm. At the end of experiments، body weight and kidney weight to body weight ratio، biochemical parameters، oxidative stress markers، and kidney histological were evaluated. Our study showed that HFD increased arsenic-induced kidney damage through oxidative stress in mice. These investigations could be important for clinical research to protect against arsenic-induced kidney toxicity.
Keywords: Arsenic , High-Fat Diet , Kidney , Oxidative Stress
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 | Formulation and Evaluation of Langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr.) Peel Ethanol extracts Lotion as Anti-Mosquito Repellent Rama Hiola * , Nurul Dude , Hamsidar Hasan , NurAin Thomas Pages 250-259
Abstract Full Text [PDF 710KB] | | The repellent is a material that works in protecting humans from mosquito bites. Langsat peel (Lansium domesticum Corr.) is one of the plants having function as repellent، anti-mosquito containing triterpenoid compound. The purpose of this research was to formulate the langsat peel ethanol extract into anti-mosquito lotion and to determine the effectiveness of repellent anti-mosquito from the best formulation of the langsat peel ethanol extract. The Optimization of the lotion basis was performed on three variations of cetyl alcohol concentrations i.e. 3%، 5%، and 7% respectively and obtained F2 containing 5% Cetyl alcohol as the optimum base. The F2 lotion basis formula was formulated into lotion with three concentrations of 10%، 20%، and 35%. The three lotions formula of the langsat peel ethanol extract was tested by organoleptic test، preparation، spreading test، adhesion test and stability test، including pH and viscosity exposed at 15-30oC، 4oC and 40oC. All formulas were tested for irritation using rabbits for 3 days and did not show any erythema and edema. Tests of the effectiveness of anti-mosquito were done on rabbit using mosquitoes. The results obtained showed that langsat peel extract 20% and 35% had effectiveness as anti-mosquito repellent and can be formulated into lotion dosage form.
Keywords: Langsat Peel , Ethanol Extract , Repellent , Lotion
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 | Spasmolytic Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Melissa Officinalis on Isolated Rat Ileum samira khani * , azam khalaj Pages 260-269
Abstract Full Text [PDF 1654KB] | | Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) has spasmolytic activity and is used in gastrointestinal complains in traditional medicine. In this study، the effect and potency of different concentrations of hydroalchoholic extract of the plant were evaluated on isolated rat ileum. The extract of the leaves of lemon balm was prepared by maceration method and different concentrations of the extract were tested on isolated N.Mari rat ileum in an organ bath containing tyrode solution. To evaluate the potency، the relaxing effect of the extract was compared with the corresponding values for atropine and verapamil (10-6 and 10-7 M، respectively). The findings showed that the extract is able to inhibit contraction induced by carbachol (6.8×10-7 M) and KCl (20 M) at concentrations of 4 and 5.6 mg/ml، respectively، and leads to the relaxation of the smooth muscle of the intestine. It was also observed that 4 mg/ml concentration of the extract can exert an inhibitory effect similar to that of 10-7 M verapamil. The results show that the antispasmodic effect of Melissa officinalis' hydroalcoholic extract is associated with the involvement of muscarinic receptor and calcium channels and that the plant can be proposed as therapeutic agent for gastrointestinal spasms due to its potency.
Keywords: Ileum , Lemon balm , Melissa officinalis , Rat , Spasmolytic
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 | Antioxidant and Antiaging Activities of Jasminum Sambac Extract, and its Compounds Wahyu Widowati * , Widya B , Sri Nadya , Dwi Rihibiha , Seila Arumwardana , Hanna Kusuma , Yukko Arinta Pages 270-285
Abstract Full Text [PDF 909KB] | | Aging is a complex process characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function، followed by dysfunction، and ultimately، death. Increase activity of hyaluronidase، elastase and collagenase، are documented in skin aging. Free radicals can stimulate skin aging through antioxidant system destruction، wrinkle formation، and melanogenesis. Antioxidant and anti-aging agents have been recently developed from herbal plants. In this study، we investigated the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Jasminum sambac extract (JSE). The phytochemical assay was performed with modified Farnsworth method. Antioxidant assays were measured by 2،2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger، Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2،2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS)-reducing activities. Anti-aging properties were measured through inhibitory activities of collagenase، elastase، and hyaluronidase. Phytochemical analysis showed presence of phenols، triterpenoids، and flavonoids in low level، and terpenoids in high level. JSE showed higher DPPH-scavenging activity (IC50=94.13 ± 10.54 µg/mL) than eugenol (2.28 ± 0.12 µg/mL)، but lower than hesperidin (226.34 ± 4.96 µg/mL). JSE showed lowest ABTS-activity (IC50=39.20 ± 0.45 µg/mL) compared to hesperidin and eugenol (IC50= 8.10 ± 0.60 and 1.56 ± 0.03 µg/mL، respectively). The FRAP-reducing activity of JSE، hesperidin، and eugenol showed JSE was the lowest activity at highest concentration (65.46، 178.16 and 402.42 µM Fe(II)/µg) respectively). JSE showed the lowest anti-collagenase activity (IC50=339.30 ± 7.87 µg/mL)، anti-elastase (IC50=249.94 ± 16.51 µg/mL)، and anti-hyaluronidase (IC50=269.26 ± 90.52 µg/mL) compared to hesperidin، and eugenol. Overall، JSE has low antioxidant activity compared to hesperidin and eugenol، as well as low anti-collagenase، anti-elastase، and anti-hyaluronidase activities.
Keywords: Jasmimum Sambac , Antioxidant , Antiaging , Anti-Collagenase , Anti-Elastase , nti-Hyaluronidase
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 | Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity Evaluation of Aqueous Extract of Phoenix Dactylifera Seeds in Wistar Rats Sajad Fakhri, Parisa Shokoohinia, Marzieh Marami, Nastaran Ghiasvand, Leila Hosseinzadeh, Yalda Shokoohinia * Pages 319-330
Abstract Full Text [PDF 1144KB] | | Date، Phoenix dactylifera، is a commonly used food in arid and semiarid regions of the world including Iran. Date seeds، are low-cost agriculture by-products and used for several medicinal uses and animal food، however، there are no records on its likely toxic effects. To investigate the safety of P. dactylifera، we investigated its acute and sub-chronic toxicity in Wistar rats in both sexes. Animals were treated with four different single doses (5g/kg) of P. dactylifera extract oral gavage (per oral، p.o.)، and checked for symptoms of toxicity two weeks after dispensation. In the sub-chronic toxicity study، P. dactylifera seeds were administered in three different doses (500، 1000، 1500 mg/kg) through 45 days. Fatality، clinical symptoms، body weight alteration، gross findings، organ weights، hematological and biochemical criteria، and histological specifications were screened all along the study. We found no fatality or morbidity in clinical manifestations، corpse weight، or necropsy evidence in none of the rats in the acute study. Regarding the outcome of the sub-chronic assay، a meaningful decline in urea concentration in male animals and no significant differences observed in other hematological criteria in both sexes. No significant histopathological difference in lung and heart tissue of different groups were observed but there are kidney cortex congestion and hepatocyte focal degeneration in female and male rats taking elevated doses (1500 mg/kg) of palm kernel extract، respectively. Analyses of the obtained results with the information of signs، behaviour، and health monitoring could lead to the conclusion that the no observed adverse effect level of P. dactylifera was defined to be 1000 mg/kg for male and female rats.
Keywords: Acute Toxicity, Phoenix Dactylifera, Rat, Sub-Chronic Toxicity, Histopathology, Date
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 | Active Fractions of Dichloromethane Extract of Artemisia Aucheri Inhibit Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells via Induction of Apoptosis Mahdi Mojarrab, Alireza Pourasadollah, Hajar Motamed, Farahnaz Ahmadi, Leila Hosseinzadeh *, Marziyeh Hajialyani Pages 331-343
Abstract Full Text [PDF 2022KB] | | The antiproliferative effect of dichloromethane extract of Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) has been demonstrated previously on human cancerous cell lines. In the current study، further fractionation was carried out on the dichloromethane extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three human cancer cell lines; SKNMC، MCF-7، and A2780. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay and activation of caspases was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the genes expression. Detection of DNA fragmentation was carried out by flow cytometry. The obtained results showed that fractions 5 and 7 (F5 and F7) have a potent cytotoxic effect، especially against MCF-7 cells. F5 and F7 also induced apoptosis through the DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption in MCF-7 cells. The caspase-3، 9 enzyme activities were also increased after exposure to F5 and F7. Moreover، caspase-8 activity increased significantly after exposure to F7 but not F5. The level of mRNA expressions of Bax and Smac/DIABLO was increased after exposure to both fractions. A detectable decrease was also observed in the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 after exposure to F7. No change was observed in the level of mRNA expressions of tumor suppressor P53 after exposure to F7. Therefore، the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by F7 could probably be mediated through a p53-independent mechanism. Taken together، these observations demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of F5 and F7 on MCF-7 cells is likely exerted via apoptotic cell death.
Keywords: Artemisia aucheri, Fractions, Apoptosis, MCF-7 cells, SKNMC cells, A2780 cells
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 | The Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of Prosopis Farcta is Associated with the Inhibition of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 Gholamreza Bahrami, Leila Hosseinzadeh, Zahra Azadi, Bahareh Mohammadi, Zahra Mahdiyan, Marziyeh Hajialyani, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei* Pages 344-354
Abstract Full Text [PDF 1763KB] | | This study evaluated the anti-atherosclerosis effect of aqueous extract and polysaccharide-enriched fraction of Prosopis farcta on adhesion and inflammatory cascades in vascular endothelial cells and related molecular mechanisms. Cellular toxicities of LPS، plant extract and polysaccharide-enriched fraction were analyzed in vitro using the MTT method. The ROS accumulation، mRNA expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1، and COX activity were measured in HUVEC cells. These results revealed a new underlying mechanism for anti-atherosclerosis effect of P. farcta and polysaccharide-enriched fraction by attenuating inflammatory cascade mediated by COX expression، modulating expression of cell-adhesion molecules including VCAM-1 and ICAM-1، and diminishing oxidative stress agents.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Cytotoxicity, HUVEC, LPS, Prosopis Farcta, Adhesion Mole cules
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تاريخ انتشار: 19/4/97 تلفن: 34276780 (083)
تاريخ درج در سايت: 19/4/97
شمار بازديدکنندگان اين شماره: 443
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