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Women’s Health Bulletin - Volume:5 Issue: 1, Jan 2018

Women’s Health Bulletin
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Jan 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/10/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mary V. Seeman* Page 1
    Context: Mental health professionals interact with substantial numbers of parents, mainly mothers, who suffer from severe mental disorders and who are treated, acutely or chronically, with antipsychotic medication. The behavior of these clients is affected by their primary illness but also by many other factors, including their drug regimen. The treating team, however, does not always recognize that a drug can profoundly impact cognition and behavior. The aim of this paper is to inform non-medical mental health workers how antipsychotic medication (AP) can influence client cognition and behavior, and thereby impact the safety of the client’s children. Indirectly, APs can also affect the immediate and longer-term behavior of the children.
    Evidence Acquisition: This article qualitatively reviews the very sparse literature on antipsychotic effects on cognition and behavior in populations of mentally ill mothers of young children. This narrative review includes case illustrations taken from a clinic for women with psychotic disorders. Also included are references to studies of rodent maternal behavior, as influenced by antipsychotic drugs.
    Results
    Animal studies have shown that maternal behavior in rodents is impaired by antipsychotic drugs. In humans, drug effects such as sedation, dizziness, indicated thinking, tardive dyskinesia, increased appetite, and sleepwalking, as well as client beliefs about and attitudes toward their drugs, can affect their problem solving, decision-making, and behavior and, thus, play a critical role in child custody determinations. Behavior induced by drugs includes issues of tolerance, withdrawal, and sensitization. Importantly, there are major safety concerns related to APs.
    Conclusions
    Listening attentively when clients speak about their drugs and understanding potential drug effects help mental health professionals increase their therapeutic efficacy and make sound decisions about clients and their children.
    Keywords: Severe Mental Disorder, Parenting, Antipsychotic Agents, Adverse Effects, Maternal Behaviors
  • Fatemeh Ghodrati, Narjes Saadatmand, Marzieh Akbarzadeh * Page 2
    Background
    Substance abuse results in multiple complications for both the mother and the fetus during pregnancy.
    Objectives
    The present study aimed at evaluating the frequency of mothers’ addiction in legal abortion with fetal causes in Fars forensic centers.
    Methods
    This was a descriptive-analytical study with a sample size of 1664. The data including demographic characteristics, obstetric variables, and causes of fetal abortion were recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS16, using analysis of the mean, median, and chi square test.
    Results
    The rate of addiction was reported to be 40.7% in the study population. This study estimated the prevalence of cigarette smoking, drugs, alcohol and other chemical substances as 31.9%, 5.9%, and 2.9%, respectively. Mother addiction had a significant association with maternal age (P ≤ 0/001). Mothers of babies with genetic defects smoked cigarette (63.7%), used narcotics (64.8%), and alcohol and other drugs (63.9%).
    Conclusions
    Cigarette was the most common addiction in mothers. Thus, promoting mothers’ awareness and knowledge should be an educational priority.
    Keywords: Addiction, Abortion, Legal, Mother, Fetus, Forensic Medicine
  • Shirin Shahbazi *, Lida Moghaddam-Banaem Page 3
    Background
    Postpartum pyrexia results from various causes with bacterial infection heading the list. However, there are many other possible causes such as bleeding. Congenital deficiency of the coagulation factors causes inherited coagulopathies most of which are rare. Following delivery, the reduction in coagulation factors puts these mothers at greater risk ýof postpartum excessive bleeding.
    Objectives
    We aimed to assess ýpostpartum pyrexia in bleeding disorder mothers.ý
    Methods
    This ýstudy was conducted on 98 bleeding disorder patients and 199 controls. Using a standardized questionnaire, the data were collected by consulting a specialist. The subject`s medical records during pregnancy and labor were also reviewed. Postpartum fever ýwas defined as temperature >ý 38°C ýin the first 10 days after delivery ýýýexcluding the first day.ý The data were analyzed using Chi-square statistical analysis and P
    Results
    Postpartum pyrexia was detected in 11.2% of the patients compared to 4% of the controls. The statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of postpartum fever among the coagulation disorder patients (P = 0.019). Considering the infection, our data showed that in the patient group, fever was mostly due to (unknown) reasons other than infection.
    Conclusions
    Our results revealed that besides hemorrhagic complications in inherited bleeding disorders, postpartum fever could also be a sign of threat. Early identification and diagnosis of these threats greatly improve the childbirth outcomes in high-risk mothers.
    Keywords: Coagulation Disorders, Childbirth, Postpartum Pyrexia, Postpartum Haemorrhage
  • Shiva Rafatie, Maryam Rabiee *, Shabnam Golmohammadie, Shahrzad Hadavand Page 4
    Background
    Work related factors have been suggested to adversely impact outcomes of pregnancy. The aims of this study were to compare neonatal birth weight in employed and non-employed women and to investigate the relation of 5 common occupational factors including working hours, shift work, standing, bending forward, and physical workload intensity to neonatal birth weight.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study was carried out on 370 pregnant women, 185 employed and 185 non-employed. Information were collected about working conditions including working hours, shift work, standing, walking, bending, squatting, physical workload intensity, socio - demographic characteristic, as well as obstetric history of each patient by interview. Association between maternal occupational activity and neonatal birth weight was adjusted for medical and obstetric, occupational details were studied using logistic regression analysis.
    Results
    The mean birth weight in employed and non-employed women were 3052 ± 359.3, 3236.3 ± 377.2, respectively, which had a meaningful difference (P = 0.001). The mean of birth weight in employed women had a significant correlation with shift work (P = 0.0001), working hours per week (P = 0.001), and heavy a work load (P = 0.0001). After using linear multivariate regression, this study showed that employment and preterm delivery had the most significant effects on low birth weight.
    Conclusions
    Neonatal birth weight in employed women is less than non-employed women. Therefore, careful prenatal visits to monitor growth of fetus and adjustment of working hours will be suggested.
    Keywords: Neonatal Birth Weight, Working Hours, Low Birth Weight, Employment
  • Sara Mozafari, Isaac Rahimian Boogar *, Siavash Talepasand, Farahnaz Ghahreman Fard Page 5
    Background
    Breast cancer as a chronic disease is associated with many physical and psychological problems that necessitate the use of psychological treatments.
    Objectives
    This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of meaning-centered psychotherapy on existential anxiety and fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors.
    Methods
    In a randomized controlled clinical trial with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up along with a control group, 28 breast cancer survivors were selected by random sampling among patients that attended the Cancer and Hematology specialized clinic of Semnan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were randomly assigned to two intervention (group treatment, n = 7; individual treatment, n = 7) and one control group (n = 14). Data were collected by existential anxiety scale (EAS) and fear of cancer recurrence inventory (FCRI) and analyzed with the repeated multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) using the SPSS-23 software.
    Results
    There were significant differences between the experimental groups and the control group on existential anxiety and fear of cancer recurrence (P
    Conclusions
    Meaning-centered psychotherapy reduces existential anxiety and fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors. This intervention is useful to recover psychological problems in breast cancer survivors.
    Keywords: Psychotherapy, Anxiety, Recurrence, Breast Cancer
  • Azadeh Amiri, Giti Setoodeh *, Seyyede Fatemeh Sajjadi Page 6
    Background
    Job stress is a psycho-social stress that is created as a result of harsh working conditions and effects individuals’ performance and physical and mental health. In fact, many mental and psychological health problems are directly related to job stress. Stress at the workplace could even create disabilities in some cases. The nature of work at hospitals, especially operating rooms, generates a lot of stress and tension for the staff.
    Objectives
    This study aimed at evaluating the effect of stress management on stress of operating room personnel, working at hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
    Methods
    In this randomized controlled interventional study, 201 females were selected from 463 operating room nurses, who worked in educational hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, using block randomization and their basic job stress scores were measured. Then, from 87 nurses with job stress mean scores of > 150, 60 were selected using the table of random numbers and were divided into 2 groups of 30, using the RA software. The intervention group participated in 5 sessions of stress management training program, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Job stress score was evaluated in the 2 groups, two months after the intervention. The data were collected using demographic information and the Osipow job stress questionnaires. The data were then entered in the SPSS statistical software, version 18 and analyzed by descriptive and inferential methods (chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test). P values of
    Results
    The results showed no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of underlying variables (P > 0.05). Also, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups regarding the mean score of total job stress before the intervention (P = 0.96). However, significant differences were observed between the 2 groups concerning the dimensions of job stress, including incompetence of the role (0
    Conclusions
    This study indicated that stress management training could reduce job stress among female nurses working in operating rooms. Therefore, stress management training in administrative, clinical, and educational areas seems to be necessary for operating room nurses.
    Keywords: Stress Management, Education, Operating Room Nurses, Job Stress