فصلنامه علوم و فنون بسته بندی
پیاپی 29 (بهار 1396)

Today the value of many products is measured by packaging. Because different studies indicate that the beautiful packaging is one of the main factors influencing consumers buying decision. One of the reasons that emphasizes the importance of packaging is impulse buying. In the case of products that consumer act quickly to buy, the purchase intention is determined by what is communicated at the point of purchase, so the consumer’s understanding about the nature of the product influences the consumer’s choice through packaging communication elements. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into food packaging design and consumers’ impulse buying behavior for marketers. Thus, at first the concepts, functions and elements of the package design is discussed and then, the role of package design in stimulating consumer's impulse buying will be examined.

The indiscriminate use of plastic packaging films and ecological problems has led to development of biodegradable packaging. These materials are essentially derived from either agricultural raw materials (cellulose, starch and protein) or marine food processing industry wastes (chitin/chitosan). Altghough these materials have problems such as poor mechanical and barrier properties, but applying nanocomposites has overcame these problems to a large extent. Nanocomposites also have other functions such as antimicrobial activity, enzyme immobilization, biosensors, etc. In this paper, some aspects of the potential applications of chitosan, xanthan gum, and lignin in obtaining antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging have been studied. One of the chitosan applications is useing in hydrogels. . Therefore matrices based on covalently cross-linked chitosan hydrogels is produced. Covalent cross-linking leads to the formation of a permanent network allowing drug release by controlled diffusion and enhancing the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. According to the results, release of vanillin from chitosan nanocomposite hydrogels and lignin/ xanthan hydrogels was delayed. I In studies on lignin it was shown that the role of lignin as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent in the polyolefin composition depends on the type of lignin and its properties.

The glass transition temperature (Tg) is an important physical property in food packaging science as it can help to explain important physicochemical behaviors of food systems. The basic understanding of glass transition phenomenon can be applied for various food operations to optimize processing and storage conditions. The Tg of the polymers used in packaging shows glassy or rubbery nature, permeability and mobility of polymer chains and in terms of the impact on polymer inhibitory properties against gases is of great importance. The polymer materials are soft and rubbery above the Tg and glassy and rigid below the Tg. The higher the Tg of polymer, the temperature range in which the polymer is able to act as a good barrier will be wider. This paper reviews the importance of Tg related to food science, technology and packaging.

Packaging as an important part of any product, has many different functions including product differentiation, brand image promotion and companies selling. However, Selling is not always the goal of packaging and sometimes packaging can act as a sympathetic father to save human life and well-being of people and prevent customers to buy harmful products such as tobacco. Regarding to this type of packaging which is alluded as prohibitive packaging in current paper, a growing trend of legislation by different countries is seen around the world. In this paper, the aim is to describe the prohibitive packaging and its dimensions and then we will investigate the impact of these packagings on prevention of tobacco selling. Finally we will be considering legal developments in this field in the world and Iran to recommend some practical suggestions.

Nitrocellulose is one of the most important ink binders in flexographic printing, but one of the major problems is lack of proper adhesion of nitrocellulose-based ink to polyethylene film. Adhesion promoters are considered as best ingredients that are used in ink and coatings industries as cross-linking and waterproofing agents. In this study, gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane adhesion promoter was used to improve the adhesion of Nitrocellulose the polyethylene film. The results indicated that adhesion was improved by adding gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane in the formulation of ink. The best adhesion was achieved for ink containing 5% gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane. According to the results from the contact angle test, polyethylene film containing gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane compared to films without Silane compound formed more hydrophobic film. It is worth noting that the addition of Silane adhesion promoter to ink formulation causes to reduce the surface tension of ink.

Application of the adhesive joint due to great advantages are increasing in many packaging industries. Knowing the effective parameters on the adhesive joints can led to better joint strength and therefore increase in the adhesive joint quality. In the current study, the theories on the adhesive joints have been expressed and then the stress variation along the joint area for different loading conditions and different failure modes will be discussed. Peel and cleavage are known as the key stresses in adhesive failure. To improve the adhesive strength these two stresses must be uniformed along the adhesive area. Two kind of failures are considered for adhesive joint. Adhesive failure mainly occurs due to the lake of strength of the adhesive material or improper cooking condition. Cohesive failure arises because of inappropriate surface preparation. To optimize the adhesive joints key factors in adhesive properties, adhesive area geometry and pre adhesive preparation are investigated.