فهرست مطالب

Dental Biomaterials - Volume:4 Issue: 2, 2017

Journal of Dental Biomaterials
Volume:4 Issue: 2, 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/03/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
|
  • Fereshteh Sobhnamayan, Alireza Adl, Sahar Ghanbaran Page 373
    Statement of Problem: Previous studies have shown discoloration of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in contact with root canal irrigation solutions. However, there are limited data on colour stability of other calcium silicate–based materials (CSMs).
    Objectives
    This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the colour stability of three CSMs in contact with different irrigation solutions.
    Materials And Methods
    Three CSMs including White MTA (wMTA) Angelus, calcium enriched mixture (CEM), and Biodentine were assessed in this study. Forty five samples of each material were mixed according to the manufactures’ instructions and then placed in silicone tubes. After 24 hours, the materials were removed from the moulds and 9 samples of each material left dry or immersed in normal saline, 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL), 2% chlorhexidinegluconate (CHX), or 17%EDTA for 24 hours. Colour changes were measured with a spectrophotometer. Data were evaluated with 2-way analysis of variance, one way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests.
    Results
    The highest discoloration of all materials was observed after contact with CHX. In the MTA Angelus and CEM cement groups, significant differences were observed between CHX and NaOCl and also between these two irrigants with the other three irrigants (p
    Conclusions
    The contact of wMTA, CEM cement, and Biodentine with CHX should be avoided because this leads to severe discoloration. Contact with sodium hypochlorite also leads to discoloration of wMTA and CEM cements. Among of the three tested materials, wMTA showed the highest discoloration after contact with NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA.
    Keywords: Biodentine, Calcium Enriched Mixture, Discoloration, Mineral Trioxide, Aggregate, Spectrophotometric Analysis
  • Tayebeh Malek Mohammadi, Reza Derakhshani, Morteza Tavallaie, Maryam Raoof, Naimeh Hasheminejad, Ali Akbar Haghdoost Page 379
    Statement of Problem: The concentration of fluoride in water is usually higher in areas around the coal mines. Zarand region in the south-east of Iran is known for its coal mines. Some studies have shown the high prevalence of fluorosis and some studies reported high levels of fluoride in the region.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to use Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess the relationship between water fluoride content and the prevalence of fluorosis and its spatial distribution in Zarand region.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study aimed to recruit 550 people aged 7-40 years in Zarand. Dental examination for fluorosis was conducted based on the Dean’s Index. The level of fluoride in the water was determined in samples of water taken from 35 areas. Information on fluorosis and fluoride content was mapped on GIS.
    Results
    Most participants lived in rural areas (87.25%) and had an educational status of high school level (66%). About 23% of the examined people had normal teeth, 10% had severe and 67% had mild to moderate fluorosis. Distribution of severe fluorosis was higher in areas with higher levels of fluoride in the water according to GIS map.
    Conclusions
    GIS map clearly showed a positive relationship between the prevalence and severity of fluorosis with the level of fluoride in water in Zarand. The GIS analysis may be useful in the analysis of other oral conditions.
    Keywords: Fluoride, Fluorosis, Geographic Information System, Zarand-Kerman-Iran
  • Maryam Sadat Tavangar, Dana Jaafarpour, Rafat Bagheri Page 387
    Statement of Problem: Compressive strength (CS) and sorption/solubility of the luting cements are two associated factors. Searching a correlation between sorption/solubility and compressive strength of various luting cements is required.
    Objectives
    To measure the water sorption/solubility, and compressive strength of three resin-based and one conventional glass ionomer (CGI) luting cement after 1 and 24 h of immersion in distilled water and to determine if there is any correlation between those properties found.
    Materials And Methods
    Four luting cements were investigated. For each material, 10 disc shaped specimens were prepared for measuring the sorption/solubility. The specimens were cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and the sorption/solubility were measured in accordance with the ISO 4049’s. For testing the compression strength, for each material 16 cylindrical specimens were prepared by insertion of cements into a stainless steel split mould. The specimens were cured, divided into groups of 8, and then stored in distilled water at (37 ± 1)°C for 1 and 24 h. The test was performed using the universal testing machine, the maximum load was recorded and CS was calculated. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 18. One-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey’s test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were performed.
    Results
    G-CEM had the highest mean CS (153.60± 25.15) and CGI luting had the lowest CS (21.36±5.37) (p 0.05). The lowest mean sorption/solubility value was for RelyXTM U200 and Panavia F, and the highest for CGI luting (all p
    Conclusions
    The compressive strength of all cements did not necessarily increase after 24 h and varied depending on the materials. There was a strong reverse correlation between sorption and CS values after both 1 and 24 h immersion. It may be practical for clinician to use those cements with the less sorption / solubility and more stable compression strength over time.
    Keywords: Compression Strength, Resin Luting Cements, Sorption-Solubility
  • Soheila Shaghaghian, Maryam Zeraatkar Page 394
    Statement of Problem: Inadequate tooth brushing and inappropriate oral hygiene can lead to dental caries, the most common chronic diseases of childhood with several side effects.
    Objectives
    To evaluate factors affecting on preschool children’s oral hygiene and tooth brushing in Shiraz, Iran
    Materials And Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, we selected 453 children registered in Shiraz kindergartens in 2013 by randomized cluster sampling. The children’s tooth brushing and oral hygiene were assessed using a reliable and valid questionnaire and Simplified Debris Index (DI-S), respectively. A dental student examined all the children in each kindergarten to determine their DI-S. The relationship between the children’s demographic variables and their oral hygiene and tooth brushing status were evaluated.
    Results
    Tooth brushing for 272 children (71.2%) had been started after the age of 2 years. The teeth in 96 children (24.2%) had been brushed lower than once daily. The mean of the children’s DI-S was 1.19 ± (0.77). The DI-S of only 126 children (31.8%) was found to be good and very good. After controlling the effect of confounding factors, we found that the children’s tooth brushing frequency was significantly associated with the number of children in the family and mothers’ employment status. The age at which tooth brushing had been started was significantly associated with the fathers’ education. Furthermore, the DI-S was associated with children’s age, number of the children in the family, and their mothers’ education.
    Conclusions
    Oral hygiene and tooth brushing of the preschool children were not in a desirable status. Interventional procedures, especially educational programs, are recommended for children and their parents. These programs seem to be more necessary for older children, low socioeconomic families, and families with more than one child.
    Keywords: Child, Inadequate Tooth Brushing, Oral Hygiene, Oral Hygiene Index, Risk Factors
  • Ali Abbas Jafari, Mohammad Hossein Lotfi-Kamran, Mahin Ghafoorzadeh, Sayed Mehrzad Shaddel Page 403
    Statement of Problem: Despite the numerous positive features of acrylic denture base, there are a number of undeniable associated disadvantages. The properties of denture base have been improved through various interventions including application of different types of filler and coatings.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness, thickness and coating quality of organic-inorganic coating on the denture base through scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the colour change was evaluated visually.
    Materials And Methods
    The organic-inorganic hybrid coatings were prepared. Acrylic discs of 10×10 mm were fabricated. The test discs were dipped in the hybrid coating and cured. In order to evaluate the surface roughness and coating thickness, the surface and cross-section of the samples in both coated and control groups were subjected to scanning electron microscopy. The colour change and transparency were visually evaluated with naked eyes. The data were statistically analyzed by student’s t test.
    Results
    The hybrid materials perfectly covered all the surfaces of acrylic resin and established proper thickness. The coated group seemed smoother and flatter than the control group; however, the difference was not statistically significant ( for all parameters p > 0.05). It was quite a thin coating and no perceptible colour change was observed.
    Conclusions
    The hybrid coating maintained good binding, caused no noticeable discoloration, and thoroughly covered the acrylic resin surface with uniform delicate thickness. It also slightly improved the acrylic resin surface roughness.
    Keywords: Denture Base, Hybrid Coating, Surface Roughness, Scanning Electron Microscopy
  • Ali Golkari, Aira Sabokseir, David Blane, Aubrey Sheiham, Richard Watt Page 409
    Statement of Problem: Early childhood is a crucial period of life as it affects one’s future health. However, precise data on adverse events during this period is usually hard to access or collect, especially in developing countries.
    Objectives
    This paper first reviews the existing methods for retrospective data collection in health and social sciences, and then introduces a new method/tool for obtaining more accurate general and oral health related information from early childhood retrospectively.
    Materials And Methods
    The Early Childhood Events Life-Grid (ECEL) was developed to collect information on the type and time of health-related adverse events during the early years of life, by questioning the parents. The validity of ECEL and the accuracy of information obtained by this method were assessed in a pilot study and in a main study of 30 parents of 8 to 11 year old children from Shiraz (Iran). Responses obtained from parents using the final ECEL were compared with the recorded health insurance documents.
    Results
    There was an almost perfect agreement between the health insurance and ECEL data sets (Kappa value=0.95 and p
    Conclusions
    The Early Childhood Events Life-Grid method proved to be highly accurate when compared with recorded medical documents.
    Keywords: Data Collection, Epidemiology, Eetrospective Studies, Early Childhood