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Traditional and Integrative Medicine - Volume:3 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

Traditional and Integrative Medicine
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/12/28
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Hossein Rezaeizadeh, Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo, Maryam Abbasi Pages 1-3
  • Mehdi Niazi, Parmis Badr * Pages 4-10
    Halva, one of the most common nutraceuticals in Traditional Iranian Medicine, is prepared with grains flour, nuts, fruits, spices, oils, and sweeteners. According to Qarabadin Salehi, Sohan Halva is a 17-ingredient confectionary which is suitable for cold temperament, backache, impotency, and nervous system disorders. Also, a product with nearly similar features is prepared in Ardakan city in Fars province, Iran. This study is going to compare and analyze similarities and differences between both products. Ingredients, preparation methods, side effects, and contraindications of Sohan Halva were extracted from Qarabadin Salehi and also were obtained from local producers. Clinical studies of each materia medica of Halva were collected. In spite of similar cooking methods of Sohan Halva, there are some differences in spices used in two products. Generally, only four of them including cinnamon, ginger, pepper, and cardamom are similar. Sohan Halva is considered a tonic nutraceutical according to Qarabadin Salehi and local Ardakani producers. Numerous recent studies confirm the effects of this local food. Traditional recipes are valuable heritage of cultures and nations; therefore, reporting such data helps maintaining ancient knowledge not to be forgotten.
    Keywords: Sohan Halva, Ardakan (Fars), Qarabadin Salehi, Ethnic food, Nutraceutical
  • Mahdi Vazirian, Elham Vosughian, Morteza Pirali-Hamedani, Maryam Khodaei, Seyede Nargess Sadati Lamardi * Pages 11-17
    Paeonia daurica subsp. macrophylla (Paeoniacea) is a perennial plant growing in Iran. In Persian traditional medicine, Paeonia officinalis [Ood-e-Saleeb] have been used for treatment of some diseases especially for epilepsy and brain disorders. Based on initial phytochemical evaluations of Paeonia spp. roots, steroidal and terpenoid compounds were identified. Hydro distilled essential oil of the roots of P. daurica subsp. macrophylla collected from north of Iran, was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Altogether, five constituents, forming 96.02% of the total oil composition were identified. Major constituents of the essential oil were salicylaldehyde (20.32%), beta-pinene-oxide (13.35%) and thymol acetate (61.12%). Antioxidant effect of the ethanolic (80%) extract was measured using DPPH free radicals. According to the results, IC50 of the extract was 25.2 µg/ml, which can be assessed as strong antioxidant effect using standard Antioxidant Activity Index.
    Keywords: Antioxidant, DPPH, Essential oil composition, Paeonia daurica subsp. macrophylla
  • The Role of Digestive Disorders in Melasma
    Marjan Mahjour, Mohammad Reza Noras, Arash Khoushabi, Roshanak Salari Pages 18-22
    Melasma is a skin disorder characterizing by hyperpigmentation affecting the sun-exposed areas. This disorder, accounts for 0.25 to 4% of the patients observed in skin clinics in south East Asia. In spite of several reports according to the relationship between digestive problems such as gastritis with melasma, these disorders are not included in the diagnostic criteria of melasma in the texts. This study aims to find the relationship between digestive problems and melasma. In this study, the relationship between gastric problems and melasma was investigated by searching the Persian medicine references such as the Canon of Medicine by Avicenna and Al-Havi of Razi with the terms such as stomach, melasma (kalaf in the Canon) and also the electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Magiran with the keywords of gastritis, stomach, melasma, hyperpigmentation and digestive problems. This study searched the etiology and symptoms of melasma. The results showed accompaniment between some digestive disorders and melasma in Al-Havi and the Canon as well as in articles retrieved from the electronic databases. However, we noticed poor attention to the relationship between digestive problems and melasma due to attention to various topical creams produced by different companies. Considering the results, it is required to pay attention to systemic aspects such as digestive problems in the treatment of melasma. The researchers suggest doing more studies about these issues to find this relationship to be included in one of the main diagnostic criteria of melasma.
    Keywords: Melasma, Digestive disorder, Hyperpigmentation, Avicenna
  • Hassan Hajtalebi, Hassan Khani Iurigh *, Hamid Reza Hajtalebi Pages 23-29
  • Saeedeh Ghafari, Zahra Tavakoli, Pantea Shirooyeh, Razieh Nabi Meybodi, Elham Behmanesh, Roshanak Mokaberinejad, Mojgan Tansaz, Shirin Fahimi * Pages 30-42
    Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is defined as painful menstrual in the absence of any pelvic pathology. Nowadays, the first line treatment is the use of NSAIDs that unfortunately has contraindication and side effects. Persian Medicine has noted menstrual pain with the defined treatments by use of herbs and herbal formulations. The aim of this study is to introduce the medicinal plants used to treat menstrual and uterine pains (M & UP) in Persian Medicine for evaluating in field of PD. For this purpose, first the medicinal plants used to treat M & UP were listed using prominent Persian Medicine references. In the next step, data were collected in relation to treat PD by searching in ‘Google Scholar’, ‘Scopus’, ‘PubMed’ and ‘SID’ databases between 2000 and 2016. Finally, the plants from identified Persian Medicine list, whose effect on PD have been revealed in modern literatures were introduced. According to this review, more than 100 medicinal plants were recommended for the treatment of M & UP in Persian Medicine. They belong to 60 plant families, the most frequent of which are Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae and Lamiaceae, respectively. Also, only about 13% of the aforementioned medicinal plants have been evaluated for the treatment of PD. It seems that many plants have been introduced in Persian Medicine for the treatment of menstrual pain, which have not yet been evaluated for their therapeutic effects and precise mechanisms of action. Thus, the introduced plants could be suitable candidates for future investigations.
    Keywords: Menstrual pain, Dysmenorrhea, Iranian Traditional Medicine, Persian Medicine, Medicinal plants
  • Zahra Niktabe, Nematollah Masoudi, Maryam Hajhashemy, Tahereh Foroughifar, Malihe Tabarrai * Pages 43-48
    Bladder pain syndrome or interstitial cystitis is a disagreeable feeling of pain, pressure and discomfort in the urinary bladder, along with lower urinary tract symptoms that may last more than six weeks with no infection or any other identifiable cause. Its etiology is still unknown. A significant percentage of women with chronic pelvic pain suffer from interstitial cystitis. However, there are some ambiguities in its diagnostic and therapeutic process. In this article, we survey the viewpoints of Persian Medicine scholars about bladder disorders that can fit with interstitial cystitis. Thus, we designed a qualitative content analysis study and investigated signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis in conventional medicine articles. Then, diseases of the bladder and the bladder gas was surveyed in the Canon of Medicine by Avicenna (980-1037 AD) and the other literatures of Persian Medicine, in particular. Pain, lower urinary tract symptoms, beneficial reaction to dietary modifications and warming bladder up also the lack of infection and other urinary disorders are observable matches between bladder pain syndrome in contemporary medicine and bladder gas in Persian Medicine. Upon Persian Medicine scholar's viewpoints entrapped gas can cause pain by stretching of bladder tissues. In this opinion, “gas” may be one of the causes of pain and dysfunction in organs. We found reports of gas in some tissues in contemporary medicine, too. If we accept that bladder gas can be one of the manifestations or causes of interstitial cystitis, bladder gas treatment methods that are used in Persian Medicine, can be simple, low-cost preventive and therapeutic methods for its management.
    Keywords: Interstitial Cystitis, Bladder Pain Syndrome, Bladder Gas (Riehe masaneh), Persian Medicine