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Iranian Journal of health, Safety and environment
ISSN 2345-3206
فصلنامه بهداشت, ايمني, بهداشت محيط, بهداشت حرفه اي به زبان انگليسي
سال ششم، شماره 1
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 | Photocatalytic Removal of Methylbenzene Vapors by MnO2/Al2O3/Fe2O3 Nano composite Maryam Feiz,Arefi , Farshid Ghorbani, Shahna* , Abdulrahman Bahrami , Hossein Ebrahimi , Alireza Mahjub Pages 1158-1166
Abstract Full Text [PDF 759KB] | | Methyl benzene، which has carcinogenic effects، is a volatile organic compound that is widely used in various industries. Nano composites of Mno2/Al203/Fe203، which is a new photocatalyst، have not been applied to remove contaminants from air streams. Therefore، the aim of the present study was to investigate the photocatalytic removal of ethyl benzene by using this nano composite activated by visible light. Morphological characteristics of the synthesized Nano composite in a sol-gel method are determined through XRD، FTIR، and SEM. Through the photocatalyst process and by the use of visible light radiation، the synthesized Nano composite is used to degrade ethyl benzene in the gas phase. In order to estimate the main effects and interaction ones and to optimize the experiment numbers، the response surface method was used. Operational parameters investigated in the study are the initial concentration of contaminants، relative humidity، and the residence time، which were considered in three levels; further، the experiments were designed by Design Expert version 9 software. The results show the Nano composite particle sizes were less than 82 nanometers. The findings also indicate that relative humidity and residence time were effective parameters in removal efficiency of ethyl benzene. This Nano composite، at the optimal conditions، was capable of removing 98.72% of the pollutants، with an initial content of 300 ppm. MnO2/Al2O3/Fe2O3 Nano composite is a suitable catalyst to remove ethyl benzene from air streams. Among the features of the Nano composite are reaction at room temperature and lower production dangerous byproducts، which are the main advantages of this Nano composite as compared with other nano composites.
Keywords: Nano-Composite, Ethyl benzene, Photocatalyst, MnO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3
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 | A Survey on the Frequency of Medication Errors Caused Due to Look-Alike Drugs in the Emergency Department of the Educational Hospitals of Shiraz, Iran, 2016 Syedeh Zohreh Mosakazemi , Peivand Bastani , Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh , Mahmoudreza Peyravi Pages 1167-1174
Abstract Full Text [PDF 514KB] | | The words “look-alike” and “sound-alike” are used to express the confusion caused by drugs whose names or features are similar. Look-alike/sound-alike (LASA) drugs are one of the most common causes of medication errors. The emergency department is the first place where mistakes related to LASA drugs occur. Medicinal errors increase health care costs by about two billion dollars annually. This study examines the frequency of errors resulting from LASA drugs in the emergency department and identifies the main causes of these errors. This sectional analytical study was conducted in 2016 in the Namazi and Faghihi hospitals of Shiraz. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher and its validity was confirmed by the experts. The stratified sampling method was used and the sample size was determined to be 106 people، based on the Cochran formula. The data were analyzed using the software SPSS 20 by the Pearson correlation coefficient، the independent t-test، and an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Seventy-seven nurses stated that during the past six months they had made at least one error resulting from look-alike medication and a total of 132 errors were reported. The most common errors in medication related to ampoules and vials. The rate of errors was statistically significant in terms of marital status (p<0.05)، work experience (p<0.0001) and age (p<0.0001). Providing training courses for recently appointed nurses، using experienced nurses in the emergency department can be an effective step toward reducing the errors relating to LASA drugs.
Keywords: Medication Errors, Nurses, Hospitals, Patient Safety, Workload, LASA drugs
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 | Whole-Body Vibration Exposure Study in Intercity Mini-Bus Drivers-The Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders Shahram Vosoughi * , Sajjad Rostamzadeh , Ali Asghar Farshad , Fereshteh Taheri , Hashem Vahabzadeh,Monshi Pages 1198-1205
Abstract Full Text [PDF 841KB] | | Exposure to Whole Body Vibration (WBV) is one of the most important risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)، which drivers are likely to report non-specific health complaints. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between whole body vibrations with musculoskeletal disorders among intercity mini-buses drivers. 80 intercity mini-bus drivers were participated in this study. The values of the frequency-weighted Root Mean Square (RMS)، Vibration Dose Values (VDV) and Crest Factor (CF) was measured using the SVAN-958 and the SV39A/L accelerometer، in accordance with ISO 2631-1. ANOVA، Post-hoc analysis، and correlation tests were used to analyze the obtained data using SPSS 23. This study show that the overall equivalent acceleration ??????(??) difference in various studied models of minibuses was significant (P<0.01)، so that the mini-buses model 2011 have the lowest acceleration (0.88 m/s2)، whereas the 2009 model have the highest value (0.96 m/s2). POST hoc analysis and Bonferroni method show that there was a significant difference between three models of the mini-buses (P<0.01-F=4.90). Also، there was a significant correlation between pain in different areas of the body with values of exposure daily vibration، expressed in terms of 8-h، respectively (P<0.001). There was sufficient evidence to prove the relationships of whole body vibration with MSDs. In addition، the lifetime of minibuses production is introduced as one of the effective factors in transmitting vibration to drivers.
Keywords: Upper Extremity, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Mini-Bus, Overall Equivalent Acceleration, Vibration Dose Value, Crest Factor
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 | Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Corrosion and Scaling Trends in Zanjan Water Distribution Network Using GIS, Iran Farhad Ghayurdoost , Javad Mohammadi , Ali Assadi Pages 1206-1212
Abstract Full Text [PDF 820KB] | | Corrosion and scaling of piping are a main issue in the operation of the drinking water network. Corrosive water can cause the intrusion of heavy metals into water and can lead to affect public health. This study aims to present the corrosion and scaling potential of Zanjan drinking water network that is located in north west of Iran. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using calculation of Langlier Saturation Index (LSI)، Ryznar Stability Index (RSI)، Puckorius Scaling Index (PSI)، and Aggressiveness index (AI). Thirty six samples were taken from all over the city within two seasons، summer and autumn in 2016. To reach this goal following parameters such as pH، total dissolved solids (TDS)، alkalinity، calcium hardness، magnesium، total hardness، temperature and electrical conductivity (EC) in all samples were measured in the laboratory. The mean and standard deviation values of LSI، RSI، PSI and AI indices were equal to -0.62±0.18، 8.26±0.29، 8.04±0.51 and 11.5±0.24، respectively in summer and -0.83±0.12، 8.70±0.33، 8.00±0.29 and 11.15±0.25، respectively in autumn. According to all indices the results have shown that Zanjan drinking water is a mild corrosive. Finally، it is recommended that water authorities must be adjusted effective parameters such as pH of treated water at the beginning of the network in order to corrosion control.
Keywords: Drinking Water Network, Saturation Indices, Corrosion, Scaling Potential
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تاريخ انتشار: 15/11/97
تاريخ درج در سايت: 15/11/97
شمار بازديدکنندگان اين شماره: 90
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