Journal of Textiles and Polymers
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Spring 2017

Nanofibers are one-dimensional nanomaterials with a superfine diameter and many potential applications due to their desirable characteristics such as small diameter, high surface area, high flexibility, high porosity, and special mechanical properties. In the recent years, porous nanofibers have been the subject of considerable research works in a wide range of applications owing to high surface area to volume ratios and high porosity ratio. Combination of superfine diameter and porosity in porous nanofibers represent an emergent class of nanoporous materials with maximum conceivable specific surface area, high pores volume and extreme adsorption capacity that could lead to improvement in many applications such as tissue engineering, catalysts, sensors, batteries, energy storage, adsorption/separation, filtration, medical applications, solar cells, superhydrophobic surfaces, supercapacitors, and conductors. The present review focuses on the current progresses in the fabrication mechanisms and characterization methods of porous nanofibers. In addition, some application capabilities of porous nanofibers that were reported in literature are discussed and an outline of future trends is presented.

Tearing resistance of worsted fabrics as the main type of materials used in the garment industry is the purpose of this study. To this end, the tearing performance of worsted fabrics with various weave structures and weft yarns with different yarn spinning systems, after the finishing process and in the grey state has been investigated. The total tearing energy (TE) as a tearing resistance index was used for the analysis and comparison of the results. According to the outcomes, weave structures with the lower construction firmness (CFF factor) had the higher tearing energy. In addition, two-ply ring yarns had the highest tearing energy among the studied yarns; while the solo yarns tearing energy was higher than siro yarns, and the single ring yarns had the lowest tearing energy. Moreover, the finishing process negatively affected the tearing energy of worsted fabrics.

Quality Function Deployment is a qualitative tool used in various industries to promote the quality of production process and products. Fuzzy Topsis method has been applied to overcome the inaccuracy and inconsistency in judgments for the previous matrix assessment of quality function deployment. In previous studies, using this method was problematic in the house of quality matrix. The present study examines the primary matrix (house of quality). The data related to customers’ demands have been collected from the target population and technical requirements related to these demands have been determined through expertise. Later, the influencing factors on buying shirting fabrics are prioritized using Fuzzy Topsis method. The findings reveal that main priorities are delicacy and softness, durability and loss of shirting fabrics.

in this research, the core-spun compact yarns using RoCos roller have been produced and the effects of some factors including filament yarn pre-tension, yarn count and type of sheath fibers were investigated. 56 core-spun compact yarns were produced based on the different combination of controllable factors. The core yarn for all samples was nylon filament. In the next step, physical and mechanical properties of samples including tensile properties, hairiness, unevenness and abrasion resistance were investigated and the best core-compact yarn was determined. The statistically analyses have been applied on the obtained data and also the yarn properties were modeled by multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that all controllable factors had a significant effect on measured yarn properties, except for pre-tension which had no significant effect in the case of yarn evenness. The yarn samples with polyester/viscose sheath fiber exhibited superior physical and mechanical properties compared with samples with cotton sheath fibres. Additionally for the case of comparison, a sirocore yarn was produced according to the controllable parameters of best core-spun compact yarn and it was observed that the properties of core-spun compact yarn is better than those of siro-core spun yarn.

as literature review shows it is possible to replace synthetic dyes with echo-friendly ones as natural dyes. Although plants exhibit a wide range of colors, not all of these pigments can be used as dyes directly. Sunflower seed is one of the popular vegetal cooking oil source used in Iran, as well as in the world. The main colorants in the sunflower seed hulls (SFSH) are anthocyanin. Anthocyanin dyestuffs are mainly used in food industry. Most of the purple, blue and black fruits are sources of anthocyanin. Anthocyanins can be used as pH indicators because their color changes with pH. The aim of this study is to understand firstly the SFSH useable source for textile dyeing and secondly the effect of dyeing bath pH, temperature and dye concentration on the woolen yarn properties. The range of color developed on dyed materials are evaluated in terms of (L*, a*, b*) CIE LAB coordinates and the dye absorption concentration on the woolen yarn dyed by SFSH is studied by using K/S values. Also fastness tests on dyed samples for light and washing fastness were carried out.
CIELab coordinates of the samples change in different dyeing processes. This could be explained with presence of anthocyanin components that are sensitive to pH and temperature. The study of the effects of different factors on dye ability of wool by SFSH extract showed that the pH and the temperature of dye bath considerably affected the color yield. The best results were obtained at pH 3.5 and boiling temperature.

in this study, an effectual ecofriendly technique for recycling of sericin has been developed. Pure sericin powders in the range of micro to nano scale were prepared by processing of real silk industry wastewater. Sericin was extracted through different procedures using urea and ethanol incorporating by spray drying and rotary extraction to acquire the desired powders. The obtained powders were evaluated using UV-vis spectrophotometer and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope to choose the best in the aspect of size and morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra of sericin showed an absorption band at 1650 cm−1 (amide I), indicating random coil conformation. The structural properties of the produced micro and nano sericin powders were investigated using Xray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, which revealed that chemical precipitation can affect the secondary structure of sericin may arise from the intermolecular hydrogen bond changing.