نشریه تولید گیاهان روغنی
سال سوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1395)

In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of humic acid on some quantitative and qualitative traits of cotton a factorial field experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Kashan under salinity soil condition in 2013.Treatments included three cotton cultivars of Varamin, Line 43200 and Khordad as first factor, and six foliar treatment included without humic acid and chemical fertilizer (T1), without humic acid with chemical fertilizer (T2), 3 l/ha humic acid without chemical fertilizer (T3), 1 l/ha humic acid with chemical fertilizer (T4), 3 l/ha humic acid with chemical fertilizer (T5), and 6 l/ha humic acid with chemical fertilizer (T6).The results showed that humic acid significantly increased oil and protein content, yield, seed yield, fiber yield and 1000 seeds weight. In T5 treatment, gin, lint, and grain yields, 1000-grain weight, and oil content increased by 32.74%, 31%, 33.69%, 5.32%, and 2.7%, respectively. Using 3 liters of humic acid without the application of chemical fertilizer increased seed protein yield by 63.4%.

In order to determine the appropriate sowing dates, seed rates and their interaction effects on yield and yield components, oil and protein contents of soybean variety Sari, a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications was carried out at Qaemshahr Gharakeil Agriculture Research Station in 2009. Five sowing dates including 15th May, 31th May, 15th June, 1th July and 16th July were considered as main plots and three different seed rates including 60, 75 and 90 kg ha-1 as the sub-plots. The results showed that all of yield components were affected by sowing dates and also seed rates had a significant effect on the number of pods per plant. Although due to increasing seed rates, yield components, such as pods per plant were decreased, but because of the increasing number of plants per square meters, seed yield not decreased significantly. Therefore for economically saving 60 kg ha-1 of seed rates will be preferred. In this study high mean value of seed yield, biological yield and 1000-seed weight was achieved in first sowing date and all of the yield component characters were decreased in late sowing dates. Harvest index was increased in late sowing dates and it was not significantly affected by seed rates. Sowing dates and seed rates had not significant effects on oil and protein percentages, but due to significant effects of sowing dates on seed yield, oil and protein yields were significantly affected by sowing dates. In this study higher seed yield was belonged 60 kg ha-1 of seed rate in first and second sowing dates which have not significant statistically differed.

In order to evaluate the effects of zinc foliar application, Rhizobium inculation and phosphorus solublizing bacteria on soybean cv. Katul an experiment was carried out as a factorial arrangement, in an RCBD with three replications at Deland (Golestan province) in 2015. The factors comprised of zinc spraying at three levels (without spraying, 1.5 and 3 g L-1 zinc sulfate), inoculation with R. japanicum at two levels (with and without inoculation), and inoculated with phosphorus solublizing bacteria at two levels (with and without inoculation). The results revealed that the effects of phosphor solublizing bacteria were significant for plant height, stem diameter, number lateral branches, pod length, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, grain yield and oil per cent. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium significantly affected all trails studied with the exception of protein content and pod length, Zinc significantly affected grain yield, oil and protein content. The seed yield of psb treatment had significantly higher yield (2954 kg/ha) compared to seed yield (2752 kg/ha) of non-incolation. Also, spraying with zinc at 3g/li had significantly higher yield (2990 kg/ha) than that of without sprying yield (2648 kg/ha).

Sesame is an oily and medicinal seeds adapted to tropic and semi-tropic regions of the world but cultivation of its new accessions has been developed in temperate regions. To evaluate the effect of plant density on growth indices, seed oil percentage and seed yield of three sesame genotypes, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014, in Rostam region, Fars, Iran. First factor was planted density at five levels (15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 plant m-2) and the second factor was three sesame genotypes (Nurabad, Borazjan and Darab 14). The result showed that maximum and minimum LAI was achieved from Nurabad and Darab 14 and also from 15 and 55 plant m-2, respectively. Growth indices analyzing showed that Nurabad was better than the two genotypes. Maximum CGR ranged from 1.96-2.62 g m-2 GDD-1. Nurabad and Borazjan had the maximum RGR at the beginning of the growing season. Plant density decreased oil percentage and Borazjan had the maximum seed oil percentage. Generally, regards to the results, Nurabad with 55 plant m-2 density performed better than other genotypes in Rostam region. Borazjan in 55 plant m-2 density can be a good alternative for Nurabad.

A field experiment was carried out to study the yield, quality and some morphological traits responses of spring canola (Brassica napus L.) to boron application and sowing date, in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in 2013-2014. The experiment was carried out as a split plots design in basis of RCBD with three replications. Planting dates (18 November, 3 December, 17 December and 30 December) and boron application treatments (control, 10 kg B.ha-1 incorporated with soil, boron spraying at 6 leaf stage and budding stages) were investigated as main and sub plots, respectively. Planting dates and boron application had significant effects on morphological traits, yield and quality of canola. The interaction effect of sowing date and boron on grain number per siliquie was significant. Late planting caused to significant decreased yield and its components. However, boron application incorporated with soil caused to compensate the negative effect of late planting. Generally, the highest grain yield (4579.7 kg.ha-1) was obtained from sowing at 18 November and 10 kg boron.ha-1 incorporated with soil, and lowest grain yield was obtained from planting at 30 December and without boron application. Delayed planting result in lowering morphological traits including plant height and branching. Delayed planting also caused by decreased grain oil and leaf N percentage, and increased grain N percentage. Boron application caused by significant plant boron content, but had no significant on grain oil ad N, and leaf N content. Also, boron application, in the experiment had no significant effect on alleviation of yield loss due to delayed canola sowing.

In order to investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi on yield and water use efficiency of eight sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes in different levels of drought stress, an experiment was conducted using a factorial split plot with three replications in the research field of the Urmia agricultural high school in 2014. The main factor was consisted of different levels of irrigation as: normal irrigation (irrigation after 70 mm evaporation of the crop (ETc), moderate drought stress (irrigation after 90 mm ETc) and severe drought stress (irrigation after 110 mm ETc), and two species of mycorrhiza fungi (Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices) and non-inoculated (control). Sub plots consisted of eight landraces of sesame names Jiroft13, Zanjan Tarom Landrace, Moghan Landrace, several branches Naz, TC-25, TS-3, Darab 14 and Dashtestan 5. Results showed that the effect of irrigation, mycorrhiza fungi and genotypes on studying traits was significant. Mean comparisons showed that with increasing severity of drought stress, grain yield, biological yield, water use economic and biotic efficiencies decreased significantly. Severe drought stress reduced water use economic and biotic efficiencies about 62 and 49 percent, respectively. Using two species of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices) in comparison with non-inoculated (control) had significant effect on all studied traits. Inoculation with G. mosseae improved seed yield, biological yield and water use economic efficiency compared to control with 33, 42 and 33 percent, respectively. Moghan landrace and Zanjan Tarom landrace based on yield and water use efficiency, had superiority on other landraces. Mycorrhiza led to improve yield of landraces and in severe drought stress conditions, sesame plants showed a higher mycorrhizal dependency.