فهرست مطالب

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences - Volume:3 Issue: 11, Dec 2017

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
Volume:3 Issue: 11, Dec 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/09/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Amir Fatemeh, Ahadi Hasan *, Nikkhah Karim, Seirafi Mohammadreza Page 175
    Background
    Previous studies suggest that group therapies, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and logotherapy, successfully reduce stress in patients.
    Objectives
    The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy and group logotherapy in reducing perceived stress among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
    Materials And Methods
    This research was a pretest-posttest controlled quasiexperimental study. Research population was comprised of all (n=3000) MS patients who were members of Mashhad MS Society, Iran. From among 198 patients, 33 who met the inclusion criteria and scored above 45 on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were selected through convenience sampling, homogenized based on their scores on PSS as well as demographic characteristics, and then assigned to three groups of 11. The first group received 12 ACT sessions and the second group received 8 sessions of group logotherapy, while no intervention was provided for the control group. Afterwards, the PSS was re-administered to all the groups. Data were analyzed using one-way ANCOVA in SPSS software version 20.
    Results
    The results demonstrated that both group therapies reduced perceived stress among patients (p=0.001). However, ACT had a higher effect than logotherapy in reducing perceived stress (p=0.04).
    Conclusion
    Acceptance and commitment group therapy and group logotherapy are effective in reducing perceived stress among MS patients.
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, Acceptance, Commitment Therapy
  • Reza Taherian*, Mehran Arabahmadi, Mahdi Taherian Pages 185-195
    Background
    Previous studies have shown cycloserine to be neuroprotective in some neurodegenerative disorders.
    Objectives
    To investigate the effect of cycloserine on motor function in Parkinson’s disease in a rat model.
    Materials And Methods
    Fifty-six healthy male wistar rats were used in this study and were divided into seven groups according to receiving saline, low dose (i.e. 100 mg/kg) and high dose (i.e. 200 mg/kg) of cycloserine for a short period (i.e. 8 days) (groups A-C, respectively) or long period (i.e. 16 days) (groups D-F, respectively) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-rat model of Parkinson. Also, a healthy group not receiving MPTP or any other drug was considered as the control group (group G). Apomorphine-induced rotational test (AIRT), elevated body swing test (EBST) and rotarod performance test (RPT) were done to examine behavioral performances.
    Results
    Long-period treatment with cycloserine reduced MPTP-induced behavioral disturbances, i.e. net number of rotations in AIRT, net biased swing in EBST and reduced rotarod performance time in RPT, more than short period treatment. Although high dose of cycloserine was more effective than its low dose in reducing motor disturbance in initial trials of each test, long period treatment with low dose of cycloserine was similar to long period treatment with a high dose of it in reducing MPTP-induced Parkinsonism in EBST and RPT in latent trials.
    Conclusion
    Long-period treatment with low-dose cycloserine seems to be the best option to obtain a sufficient neuroprotective effect for lowering motor disturbance in Parkinson’s disease.
    Keywords: Parkinson Disease, Cycloserine, Behavior, Motor Skills
  • Majed Zobairy, Hasan Matinhomaeei *, Hamidreza Hatamian, Kamal Azizbeigi, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani Pages 196-205
    Background
    Recent studies demonstrate the ability of vitamin D to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.
    Objectives
    The current study aimed at examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on systemic inflammation markers during an eight-week elastic resistance training (ERT) on untrained men.
    Materials And Methods
    Forty healthy males with no experience in resistance training were assigned to elastic training—vitamin D (ED, n=10), elastic resistance training—placebo (EP, n=10), vitamin D (VD, n=10), and control (Con, n=10) groups. ERT was performed with eight exercises three times a week on non-consecutive days for eight weeks. Also, the subjects in the ED, VD, and EP groups consumed 50,000 IU vitamin D or placebo once every two weeks. Blood samples were collected before and 72 hours after the last session of eight weeks of ERT for measuring concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C reactive protein (CRP).
    Results
    It is found that ED elicited a significant reduction in IL6 than VD (p0.05).
    Conclusion
    Finally, we can claim that the combination of elastic resistance training with vitamin D did not have extra advantages in attenuation of systemic inflammatory indices when compared with the training alone.
    Keywords: Vitamin D, Resistance Training, Interleukin-6
  • Ali Shoeibi, Nilufar Razmi, Ali Ghabeli Juibary, Seyed Isaac Hashemy * Pages 206-213
    Background
    Among different mechanisms, oxidative stress has a possible role in neural injury in cerebrovascular events.
    Objectives
    Assessment the oxidants-antioxidants imbalance in ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
    Materials And Methods
    Serum level of malondialdehyde, the main marker of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant capacity were measured in a group of 48 stroke patients consisting of 24 ischemic and 24 hemorrhagic cases with confirmed diagnosis by brain CT scan. Lesion volume and modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in ischemic stroke, as well as location and volume of hematoma in hemorrhagic stroke based on the first brain CT scan were determined as study variables.
    Results
    These two major groups did not have different oxidative profile. Low levels of total antioxidant capacity and high levels of malondialdehyde were associated with higher lesion volume in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
    Conclusions
    This data suggested that oxidative stress is associated with lesion volume and therefore severity of hemorrhagic stroke.
    Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Malondialdehyde, Stroke
  • Masoud Etemadifar, Mozhgan Ghadimi, Keyvan Ghadimi *, Fereshteh Alsahebfosoul Pages 214-221
    Background
    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases in adults that cause disability in patients. Different studies were conducted on more rapid diagnosis of the disease such as measuring serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contents.
    Objectives
    The current study aimed at measuring amyloid β (Aβ) serum levels in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.
    Materials And Methods
    In the current case-control study, the serum levels of Aβ were measured in 48 patients with RRMS and 33 healthy controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique in Isfahan, Iran, from 2014 to 2016. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS.
    Results
    The mean serum level of Aβ in the case (patients with RRMS) and control groups were 192.75±125.65 and 128.11±85.20 pg/mL, respectively; so serum Aβ levels in the RRMS group was significantly higher than healthy controls (p=0.02). Also, there was a positive significant correlation between the serum Aβ levels and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (r=.85, p
    Conclusions
    Owing to the increase of serum Aβ level in patients with RRMS and its significant increase in severe MS cases (higher EDSS scores), so serum Aβ level can be considered as a marker for MS and its progression.
    Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Amyloid, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Jafar Mehvari, Mohammad Zare, Rooholla Andami *, Keyvan Ghadimi, Nasim Tabrizi Pages 222-230
    Background
    Epilepsy is considered as one of the most important disorders in neurology. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a form of epilepsy including two main types of mesial and lateral (neocortex).
    Objectives
    Determination and comparison of electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern in the ictal and interictal phases of mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional descriptive study included 80 patients with mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy who satisfied the inclusion criteria. The patients were monitored using EEG, and then the EEG results were compared between two groups of temporal epilepsies.
    Results
    There was no significant difference between two groups of patients (mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy) in terms of the type of seizure, history of tumor or trauma or hypoxia, and duration of seizure history (p>0.05). The ictal wave onset in 52.5% of the patients was in the left temporal region, and the ictal wave onset in 58.75% of patients was the slow wave. There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of ictal wave onset and its location.
    Conclusions
    According to the results, EEG is a good method for detecting temporal lobe epilepsy, but it does not help to differentiate the type of mesial and lateral temporal epilepsy. In order to distinguish between these two types, EEG alone is not helpful, and other diagnostic methods are required.
    Keywords: Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Electroencephalography
  • Masoud Etemadifar, Ali Fazli * Pages 231-240
    Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is an adhesive molecule responsible for myelin sheath structural integrity and maintenance. Patients with spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating disease particularly in central nervous system are reported to have antibodies against this protein. Diseases such as multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, neuro-myelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, transverse myelitis and Optic neuritis seemed to have a correlation with anti-MOG antibodies. MRI findings of seropositive cases revealed spinal lesions, particularly in lower segments. For treatment of these patients methotrexate and azathioprine are suggested. Plasmaphresis and intravenous immunoglobulin may be useful too. However fingolimod and interferons can deteriorate the conditions. Finally it is concluded that anti-MOG antibodies can be a biomarker for CNS demyelinating disorders.
    Keywords: Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, Immunoglobulins, Myelitis, Transverse, Optic Neuritis