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Elderly Health Journal - Volume:4 Issue: 1, 2018 Jun

Elderly Health Journal
Volume:4 Issue: 1, 2018 Jun

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/04/31
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Masoumeh Najafi Gharebolagh, Abolghasem Pourreza * Pages 1-2
    Aging is reviewed by a variety of disciplines; demographers, sociologists, economists, health scientists, and politicians. However, there are still great disputes over aging because of its economic roles, and health expenditures. Several questions about aging should be answered. Is aging an illness? Are aged people a burden to community? Is it a threat, or an achievement? (1).
    There are opposite views, either clinically or economically developed with regard to these questions, about aged people’s health and their health expenditures. Clinical view of aging is determined by dominance of chronic disease. These types of illness, was believed to belong to developed countries, well-to-do class, and aged populations. Today, however, developing countries, working class, and even young generation are suffered from theses illnesses (2). Aged people are neither homogeneous nor suffer similar pattern of illnesses. Moreover, gender and sex affect the health status of men and women differently. Apparently in old ages, socio-economic and gender gaps, are widen because of feminization of elderly and poverty.
    Keywords: Health, subsistence, elderly
  • Emad Ahmadiara, Bahador Hajimohammadi * Page 3
    Intestinal parasites (IP) are one of the most significant causes of infections among the eldely in developing countries, especially in tropical areas. Trichuris trichiura and Ancylostoma duodenale infect near 2.3 billion people, especially in elderly in all around the world (1). Intestinal protozoan like Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium parvum are widespread in old people too and in addition to this mentioned IP, Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia saginata, Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana are other most reported IP in them. IP repeatedly was reported among old people in whole the world because of their easily transmission ways and due to debilitation of old people’s health system. A large number of affected elderly people by IP are living in nursing home and elderly care centers especially with poor sanitary and high population density highly prone to these contaminations. On the other hand, by looking at the elderly care centers in our country, unfortunately it seems that the some of them have poor sanitary conditions. in a study by Rasti et. al. to determine the prevalence of IP in elderly and handicapped people in a governmental nursing home in Kashan with 243 residents, 191 people (78.6%) were infected at least by one IP. A total of 11 types of IP was detected in this survey with Blastocystis hominis as a protozoan and Strongyloides stercoralis as a helminth highest prevalent IP in this center (2). Other developing countries also have a similar situation as our country. In a similar research by Shakya et. al. in rural areas of Nepal, from 235 elderly sampled people (41.7%) were infected by just one IP, and 30.6% had multiple parasitism (3). In general, physical problems and low personal hygiene along with dysfunction or malfunction of immune system, intestinal flora change, reduction of intestinal motility and finally achlorhydria make old people more prone to several infections cause by IP too. (4,5)
    Keywords: Intestinal parasites (IP), elderly people, health system
  • Azam Syafinas, Adznam Siti Nur Asyura *, Mun Chan Yoke, Ibrahim Zuriati, Taib Mohd Nasir Mohd, Hamzah Nur Aqlili Riana Pages 4-10
    Introduction
    The world’s population ageing is poised to growth in number including in Malaysia. In conjunction with the transition of the nation toward ageing population, the Quality of Life (QoL) among elderly should be maintain or improved to good level. This study was to investigate the relationship between appetite, anthropometric characteristic and QoL among elderly people in the Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA) Schemes, Johor, Malaysia.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study involved a total of 269 elderly (130 men and 139 women), with mean age of 69.50 ± 5.221. Elderly in FELDA Air Tawar 4, FELDA Air Tawar 5 and FELDA Bukit Batu were sampled using probability proportionate to size sampling.
    Data on age, monthly income and marital status were collected using questionnaire guided face-to-face Interviewed by trained researcher through house to house visit. Appetite was measured with Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire, height with stadiometer, weight with weighing scale, waist circumference with measuring tape and QoL with Short Form-36. The findings were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 22 software.
    Results
    The majority of subjects were classified as good appetite, obese and large waist circumference. Role limitations due to emotional problems domain was highest mean score of QoL, while physical functioning domain the lowest mean score of QoL. Appetite (r = 0.260; p
    Conclusion
    Most of the elderly are at good level of appetite, in obesity weight group, high risk of co-morbidities based on waist circumference measurement and at sensible level of QoL. Furthermore, as appetite, body mass index and waist circumference do have relation with physical component summary of QoL, thus, it is pivotal to include those factors as domain in planning health promotion program with aimed to increase QoL level among the elderly.
    Keywords: Quality of Life, Appetite, Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Aged
  • Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad, Fahimeh Amani *, Fatemeh Kaseb, Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh Pages 11-17
    Introduction
    Rapid changes in lifestyle, especially in nutritional aspects of the elderly, have led to many chronic diseases. Therefore, attention to nutritional needs of the elderly is an essential issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of healthy nutrition behaviors based on health belief model (HBM) in the elderlies of Kalat city, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran..
    Methods
    The cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 elderlies aged 60 years and older who were covered by comprehensive health services centers in the city of Kalat. The participants were selected by multistage random sampling. The data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire for measuring HBM constructs regarding healthy nutrition and also a Food Frequency Questionnaire for measuring Healthy nutrition behaviors. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression.
    Results
    The mean score of nutritional knowledge of the elderlies was 7.75 ± 2.14 (possible score 0-15) and the mean score of healthy nutrition behaviors was 1.62 ± 1. 23 (possible score 0-5). Healthy nutrition behaviors were significantly correlated with perceived benefits (r = 0.254), self-efficacy (r = 0.244) and cues to action (r = 0.334) (p
    Conclusion
    The level of healthy nutrition behaviors in the elderlies is not desirable, and cues to action, perceived benefits and self-efficacy are the most important predictors of these behaviors. Paying attention to these factors helps educators and other health professionals in designing appropriate intervention programs.
    Keywords: Health Belief Model, Nutrition, Behavior, Knowledge, Aged
  • Leila Dehghankar, Akram Shahrokhi *, Arina Qolizadeh, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Elnaz Nasiri Pages 18-22
    Introduction
    Health promoting behaviors (HPBs) are one of the main criteria to determine health. HPBs have a complex nature and are influenced by several factors. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between HPBs and general health in the elderly in Qazvin.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, 372 older people were enrolled using convenience sampling. Data were collected using demographic information questionnaire, HPBs checklist, and Goldberg and Hillier's 12-items of the General Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and chi-square test.
    Results
    The results showed that 21% of the elderly were not in a desirable general health status. Walking (61%) and using low-fat foods (73.9%) were among the most uncommon HPBs while lack of alcohol consumption (97%) and blood pressure control (95.4%) were among the most common HPBs. The elderly who walked reported a significantly higher general health (P
    Conclusion
    While the rate of doing certain HPBs, such as walking, was not good, almost 80% of the subjects were in a satisfactory general health status. Efforts to expand and improve HPBs, especially walking, in the elderly can affect their general health status.
    Keywords: Health, Aged, Health Promotion, Behavior
  • Mohammadali Rezaei, Neda Mohammadinia * Pages 23-28
    Introduction
    The elderly population has increased rapidly in recent decades, and consequently, admission to nursing homes is growing, but their experiences of this transfer have not been paid adequate attention. The aim of this study is to explain the elderly and care givers’ experiences of transfer to nursing homes in Bam city, Kerman Province, Iran.
    Methods
    This study was conducted using a phenomenological approach in 2017. Participants were the elderly residents in the nursing homes in Bam city and their care givers. Sampling was done till data saturation. Sixteen elderly people and 6 their care givers were participated in the study by purposeful sampling. Data collection methods were unstructured in-depth interview and field-notes. Data were analyzed by seven-stage Colaizzi's method.
    Results
    The data analysis identified 47 initial and conceptual codes that categorized the causes of transfer in 2 categories from the viewpoint of the care givers and of the elders and 4 sub-categories (the elder's problems, the family problems, compulsory transfer and voluntary transfer).
    Conclusion
    Participant's statements indicated that most elderly people were not happy with their transfer to nursing homes, although some are satisfy with their transfer. Therefore, formal and non-formal education should be offered regarding respect for the elderly, the use of their experiences, getting their satisfaction before transferring to the nursing homes, and regulating, meetings program with them by their family, friends, and even all sections of society as much as possible.
    Keywords: Qualitative Research, Nursing Homes, Iran, Aged
  • Parisa Parsa, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Maryam Afshari *, Ali Reza Moradi, Maliheh Araghchian Pages 29-34
    Introduction
    Aging is associated with non-communicable diseases and it gives rise to increase drug consumption. Regarding deeper cognition of the subject, a qualitative study was accomplished for recognition of taking medication problems from the elderly's viewpoint in Hamadan health centers.
    Methods
    The present qualitative study was done through conventional content analysis. The data were collected using semi-structured deep interviews with 15 elderlies referred to health-care centers in Hamadan. The participants were selected through purposive sampling from both genders and maximum variation of age, social and economic class and education level. Data strength was confirmed by member and external check. All the interviews were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis method.
    Results
    Analyzing data led to extraction of 7 themes of ignorance to medication use, medication forgetfulness, physical and mental status of the elderly, need to others help and support in medication use, relative negligence, economic and environmental problems in addition to 22 sub-themes of taking medication problems from elderly's viewpoint.
    Conclusion
    Study represented elderly people having some personal and environmental problems regarding medication. Alternatively, drug consumption difficulties in old people led to other side effects, individual's problems, and some problems related to their health.
    Keywords: Medication Use, Qualitative Research, Aged