نشریه دین و دنیای معاصر
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 4، بهار و تابستان 1395)

This article studies two important topics which are divine and servitude monotheism from the ignorant Arab's point of view, and the way their attitude changes by Quran. The aim of this study is to recognize the way Quran propounds monotheism. So at first chapter
we will study Arab's insight and behavior so that by knowing the contemporary revelation society find out the quality and quantity of prophet's making evolution in this society and then with an overview of Arab societies geopolitics and social geography condition before
Islam, and the status of religiousness and polytheism in that age and the role of polytheistic beliefs in people's life we will study the effect of prophet in this society which the second chapter explains about it. The second chapter explains about God's attitude toward stupid insight and since this issue exists in all centuries and due to Quran verses, it seeks for the most important issue in the call of prophet which is servitude onotheism. Of course at first they tried to stabilize Divine divinity which is an introduction for servitude monotheism and prophet's call was mostly related to this issue. Quran also used this method for the evolution of society in Islam and by putting emphasis on divinity in the beginning chapters of Quran; it had a plan for the stabilization of divinity in society.

Trinity Christian belief is expressed in the Quran as a clear evidence of exaggerated beliefs. Stating the criteria of exaggeration phenomenon, Quran rebukes the idea of the Trinity and also frightens the Islamic nations from the danger of falling down into the
exaggeration abyss. Since in the field of Shia beliefs, the exaggeration phenomenon has emerged in some time and some Shiite movements, in this paper by referring to Quran, some criteria of exaggerating behavior are obtained in the domain of believes.
Although all Shia community fail to use exaggeration, but it seems that the ideas of those who exaggerate has penetrated in the Shia community. By referring to Quran and learning the history of Christianity, Shiite will be insured against the danger of exaggeration.

Simile is one of the current literary forms especially among Arab people and it is also used in Quran. This article is an attempt to identify some of the Quranic metaphors drawn from Arab culture during Bedouin age. It also proves that although Quran have benefited from common Linguistic structures and Tropes in Arabic literature And culture and customs of Bedouin Arab, but it has not been affected by them and has expressed Its grand meanings and profound massages in their language by the use of their tropes and traditions, which is one of the virtues of the Quran. Although these valuable concepts are just for Arabs, but they are so profound and wise that bless and guide people in all ages and generations, with all the advances and innovations.

Ibn-Ashura is one of the great thinkers of North of Africa. He is a Maliki religion, influenced by the manner of Mohammad Abde, the inventor of the science of Mqasdalshryh, expert in different sciences, a skilled literary man, and an interpreter with a special style and committed to predecessors. "Al-tahrir" and "Al-tanvir" is a comprehensive commentary with an Ijtihad style and a literary approach based on eloquent points, containing many ideas and interpretations of Sunnite. One of the important topics in interpretable thoughts is seeking for different aspects of an interpreter's life, the works and his characteristic. The identity and characteristic of an interpreter depends on different scientific, geographical and historical elements. We will study the social science characteristic of Ibn-Ashura in this article.

The ethical and rational aspect of Ibrahim's test in sacrificing his son, Ismael, can be studied from different aspects. Extremist rationalism and faith-oriented viewpoints cannot have a correct understanding from this issue and each of them believes this action is in contrast with moral and intellect based on their own knowledge. The supporters of rationalism consider this issue inharmonious with rational points and they extremely disagree with it. From Islamists believe point of view the intellect and faith are in contrast with each other and they prefer faith. Critical approach also provides a suitable mental basis for the entrance to moderate rationalism idea according to faith-oriented and extremist rationalism and finally, it is only the moderate rationalism approach which can prove the compatibility of intellect and faith in this event. In addition it can prove that Ibrahim's action has not been moral. According to this attitude the servitude and submission of Ibrahim and his son, Ismael, is in harmony with intellect and moral since both of them have knowledge the realities of the world based on reason and they know that the truthfulness of this divine mandate is above their intellectual understanding. Therefore, they bow to the divine mandate for the fulfilling of his orders who is precious and the most holly one. They forget about themselves and ignore their belongings to extent this slavery to the highest point and show their honesty in servitude.

This article checking the interpretation process of the verse 34 of Nisa from the perspective of some contemporary scholars. this verse is also known as verse protection which has the words that over the centuries past to the present has changed that each of the commentators have expressed interpretations according to the time and place and their social status, cultural and family.
In here we look at this verse from the perspective of three contemporary characters and will examine the causes and factors of their interpretation.