فهرست مطالب

Applied Behavioral Sciences - Volume:3 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/04/04
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Ali Akbar Foroughi, Abbas Masjedi Arani, Maryam Bakhtyari, Abolfazl Mohammadi, Mojtaba Habibi Pages 1-9
    Background
    According to Emotion Dysregulation Model (EMD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms may be maintained by emotional hyperarousal, experience of intense emotion, poorer understanding of emotions, negative attitudes about emotions, and maladaptive emotion regulation and management. based on the EMD, Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) is a mechanism-targeted intervention that cultivating emotion regulation skills.
    Materials And Methods
    Four men with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from Counseling Center of University of Tehran and Talieh Mehr clinic. Anxiety and Related Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV) were used to diagnosis GAD and other disorders. Subjects were selected using purposeful sampling, multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The treatment program was carried out for 14 weekly sessions (14-session version), with a follow-up period of 2 months subsequent to treatment termination. Subjects completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in the baseline, during treatment, post-treatment and follow-up period.
    Results
    The patients demonstrated distinct improvements in symptom severity (i.e., worry, anxiety and GAD cretria in GAD-7), and in model-related outcomes including, mindful attending/acceptance, and cognitive reappraisal. Patients maintained gains across the two month follow-up period. In addition to, ERT was very well tolerated by patients and all of patients completed sessions.
    Conclusion
    Results of present study provide additional evidence for the efficacy of the ERT in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and additional support for the role of emotion dysregulation in the onset, maintenance, and treatment GAD.
    Keywords: ERT, GAD, emotion dysregulation, mindfulness
  • Afsaneh Motovalli Bashi Naeini, Ilnaz Sajjadian, Mohammad Ali Besharat Pages 10-17
    Aim: Given the importance of psychological factors in the incidence of physical pains, the present study has been conducted for the purpose of comparing mindfulness and type D personality among women diagnosed with non-cardiac chest pain and healthy women of Tehran.
    Method
    The present research is descriptive and of causative-comparative type. The sample includes 60 women with non-cardiac chest pain who were selected through accessibility sampling, from among the referrals to two hospitals and cardiac clinics that were compared with 60 women who had not chest pain and had the criteria for inclusion in the study. The participants responded to two questionnaires including the mindful attention awareness scale of Brown and Ryan (2003), and type D personality questionnaire of Denollet (1998).
    Findings: The results showed that the mean score for the scores of mindfulness and type D personality (negative affectivity and social inhibition) has significant difference (p
    Conclusion
    Considering the results of the study, which represent the difference of mindfulness and type D personality in women with non-cardiac chest pain, compared to healthy subjects, it is suggested that psychological interventions also be used for treatment and recovery of this group of patients under the specialist's supervision.
    Keywords: Body mind relation, Chest pain, Personality inventory
  • Parissa Mashrouti, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Farzaneh Mohammadi Pages 18-24
    Background
    Gray`s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) presupposes individual differences in the sensitivity of basic brain systems that respond to punishing and reinforcing stimuli. These differences are thought to underlie the personality dimensions of anxiety and impulsivity, and to have relevance for psychopathology. The present study aims at studying the relationship between behavioural inhibition/activation systems and psychological symptoms.
    Methods
    In this regard, 361 students (205 boys-156 girls) in Tabriz University were selected by cluster sampling method and then tested by symptom Check List -90-R (SCL-90-R) and Inventory of behaviour inhibition/ activation systems. The data were analyzed using by software SPSS-16 and Pearson Correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression.
    Results
    The results show that Behavioural inhibition system has a significant relationship with all the 9 symptoms (P
    Conclusion
    It seems that the behavioural inhibition/activation systems (BIS/BAS) are one of the important components in explaining psychological symptoms, especially in youth.
    Keywords: psychological symptoms, biological models of personality, Gray theory
  • Fatemeh Sajadi, Leila Khabir, Abdulaziz Aflakseir Pages 25-30
    Introduction
    Eating disorders are serious psychiatric illness, defined by abnormal eating behaviors, shape and weight regulation difficulties and weight over concern.
    Objectives
    this study sought to explore the prevalence and intensity of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating and their sub-thresholds in women who referred to wellness and fitness centers.
    Materials And Methods
    946 women with a mean age of 24.64 were selected via simple random sampling. All participants were asked to complete Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. . Analyzing data was done using descriptive statistics; Chi-square test, and multivariate analysis of variance.
    Results
    the prevalence rate of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating in whole sample is 6.02%, 4.01% and 13.0% respectively.
    Discussion
    DSM-5-defined eating disorders and its sub thresholds are common in women, binge eating with 16% prevalence rate is more common than other disorders. Further studies with assessing DSM-5 eating disorders in clinical and non-clinical population are greatly needed.
    Keywords: Eating disorders, Prevalence, Intensity, Women
  • Fatemeh Ghoreishi, Batool Zamani, Mohammadreza Razaghof Pages 31-35
    Introduction
    To determine the prevalence of depressive disorder and it's related factors in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study was conductd from April 2013 to August 2014.A total of 81 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) were enrolled from Rheumatology Clinic, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan/ Iran. The Severety of depressive disorder was measured by Beck Depression Inventory, and the diagnosis of depressive disorder was confirmed in clinical interview by psychiatrist based on DSM-IV-TR.
    Results
    Findings showed that more than half of the RA patients with depression 55.5 % had severe depression, the rest had Moderate and mild degree of depression, (16.7%) and (27.8%) respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between depression and age, sex, marital status, job, economic status, and joint deformity (P > 0.05). However, the relationship between depression and the number of affected joints was statistically significant (P = 0.02), those patients with seven or more affected joints had a higher rate of depression than those with six or less.
    Conclusion
    Due to the relatively high prevalence of depressive disorder among those patients with rheumatoid arthritis early screening and treatment of depressive disorder is greatly recommended. Declaration of interest: None
    Keywords: Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Depressive disorder, Joints
  • Hassan Kordi, Kamran Shakiba Rad, Kamal Shakiba Rad, Jamal Shakiba Rad Pages 36-42
    Introduction
    Children of the ages 5-6 are in a distinct educational condition. On the one side, they are biologically inclined toward movement and on the other side their parent’s preference toward straight and categorical education like second language starts. This study investigates the effect of Neshaat language and movement integrative program on children’s gross motor development and their second language (English) learning in Tehran.
    Methods
    The sample included 50 boys and girls with the average age of (4.12± 1.32) who voluntarily participated in the study. In a semi-experimental method the children were randomly divided into one experimental group (n=25) and one control group (n=25). The experimental group attended the Neshaat program for 3 months (2 sessions in a week) and the control group also carried out the second language learning process with the same material conventionally, i.e. learning language without movement in a class. The data were analyzed though dependent and independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient (=α0.05).
    Results
    The results showed that this integrative program significantly increased the children’s gross motor development and improved the children’s second language learning.
    Conclusion
    this study is the same line with the total physical theory in second language learning and ecological theory in motor development.
    Keywords: Child Language, Activity, Motor, Child, Preschool
  • Minoo Pooravari, Mahsima Pourshahriari, Somaieh Salehi Pages 43-55
    This study provides an overview of interventions, including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Behavioral Parent Training for aggressive behavior, and Peer Problems of children with Conduct Disorder (CD) worldwide. Conduct Disorder is one of the main externalizing disorders listed in DSM-5 among children and adolescents. Children with this disorder violate basic rights of others and other societal norms. The main symptom of Conduct Disorder is aggression. Aggressive behavior often results in being rejected by their peers (especially those with prosocial behaviors) and losing the opportunity for developing social skills. This study reviews the related studies on treatment of children with CD through the aforementioned methods conducted over the world. Most of the studies mainly focused on only children with conduct problems and only in a few of them parents of the children were involved as sources of data collection. This review demonstrated that aggressive behavior of children with conduct problems is investigated vastly by researchers worldwide. It is also evident that more studies need to be conducted in both developed and developing countries to solve peer problems of children with CD. It is recommended that in developing countries studies based on Making Choices program need to be expanded.
    Keywords: Behavior therapy, Cognitive, Education, Parenting, Conduct disorder