فهرست مطالب

Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Sep 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/06/05
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
|
  • Abolfazl Farid, Ramin Habibikaleybar, Leyla Gobadi, Seyyedeh Roya Mousavi Pages 2-7
    Background And Objectives
    Euthanasia is one of the major challenges in philosophical, medical, ethical, legal, and religious circles that has fueled many debates. The aim of this study was to investigate prediction of student's attitudes toward euthanasia using their religious orientation, self-esteem, and death anxiety.
    Methods
    The samples of this descriptive-correlational study were 247 students selected from the humanities students in the University of Zanjan and the students of medical related studies in the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences by random multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted by Euthanasia Attitude Scale, Religious Orientation Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Templer Death Anxiety Scale. Data analysis was conducted by MANOVA and stepwise multiple regression.
    Results
    MANOVA results showed that the levels of self-esteem and religious orientation were significantly different between the students of humanities and medical related studies with significantly higher scores attained by the humanities students. Standard (simultaneous) multiple regression showed that the regression model was significant based on three variables, i.e. religious orientation, self-esteem, and death anxiety. Religious orientation predicted attitudes toward euthanasia inversely.
    Conclusion
    The levels of self-esteem and religious orientation were lower in the students of medical related studies than in the humanities students, and the higher the levels of their religious orientation were, the more opposed to euthanasia they were.
    Keywords: Euthanasia, Death Anxiety, Religious Orientation, Self-esteem
  • Mohammad Khandan, Zeinab Eyni, Alireza Koohpaei Pages 8-13
    Background And Objectives
    Nurses represent the largest and most important staff in the healthcare system, and healthcare organization's effectiveness is unlikely without the appropriate performance of nurses. This study was conducted to investigate relationship between Spiritual Intelligence (SI) and job performance among nurses in the main teaching hospital in of province in 2016.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, nurses were selected by randomized convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted by three questionnaires: Spiritual intelligence questionnaire, Peterson job performance questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted by ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Poisson regression in SPSS 20.
    Results
    A total of 197 nurses were studied of whom 68.5% were female. The mean age of the participants was 32.56 ± 6.67 years. Mean score for SI and job performance was 86.75 ± 17.06 and 35.71 ± 7, respectively. Poisson regression showed significant relationship between gender and job performance (P0.05).
    Conclusion
    Due to the impact of nurse's SI on their job performance, SI training courses should be incorporated into in-service training for nurses and other healthcare workers. SI leads to changes in attitudes, behaviors, and patient support among nurses. Promotion of SI can help to improve nurse's mental health status to respond to patients’ needs and therefore patient safety and organizational efficiency.
    Keywords: Job Performance, Nurses, Spiritual Intelligence, University Hospital
  • Zahra Taheri-Kharameh, Alireza Alinoori, Shabanali Khansanami, Tahereh Ramezani, Fatemeh Sharififard, Pooya Aslai Pages 14-18
    Background And Objectives
    Islamic lifestyle is associated with all dimensions of life and can play an important role in maintaining health. The present study was conducted to investigate correlation between dimensions of Islamic lifestyle and mental health in the students of the Qom University of Medical Sciences.
    Methods
    The study population of this descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 consisted of the students of the QUMS. Of this population, 150 people were selected by multistage sampling. Data gathering was conducted by the short version of Islamic lifestyle test and 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression.
    Results
    Mean (standard deviation) score for Islamic lifestyle and mental health variables in the students was 417.14±42.21 and 15.4±2.21, respectively. There was a significant correlation between Islamic lifestyle and mental health (r=-0.65, p
    Conclusion
    Thinking and Science dimension was the most important Islamic lifestyle aspect followed by Financial and Social dimensions. These components help promote student's mental health.
    Keywords: Islamic lifestyle, Mental Health, Medical Sciences, Students
  • Mahdi Gholami, Fariba Hafezi, Parviz Asgari, Farah Naderi Pages 19-26
    Background And Objectives
    Hypertension, especially in the elderly, is one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Due to the impact of psychological factors on this disease,l and the need for non-pharmacological treatments, this research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and spiritual/religious coping skills on health hardiness and somatic complaints of elderly with hypertension.
    Methods
    This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test design. The study population consisted of all elderly with hypertension in the Center for the Elderly in Behshahr in 2015. A total of 45 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups. The experimental groups were trained in 8 sessions of 70 minutes by mindfulness and spiritual/religious coping skills methods. Data were collected with questionnaires of health hardiness and somatic complaints and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method.
    Results
    The findings showed mindfulness and spiritual/religious coping skills methods led to significant increase in health hardiness and signoficant decrease i in somatic complaints of elderly with hypertension (P
    Conclusion
    The results showed that both treatments, especially spiritual/religious coping skills method, were effective on increase in health hardiness and decrease in somatic complaints of elderly with hypertension. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use these methods to increase health hardiness and decrease somatic complaints of elderly with hypertension.
    Keywords: Blood Pressure, Coping Skills, Hardiness, Mindfulness, Somatic Complaints
  • Malihe Rabbani, Farhad Khormaei Pages 27-31
    Background And Objectives
    Substance abuse and dependence is one of the major problems and concerns of today's world. Spiritual vacuums are a cause of tendency toward drugs abuse. The aim of this study is to compare spirituality components among opioid-dependent, methamphetamine dependent, and normal people in Shiraz.
    Methods
    The study population of this causal-comparative study consisted of 50 normal people, 50 methamphetamine dependent people, and 50 opioid-dependent people selected by convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted by Hall and Edwards Spiritual Assessment Inventory. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and the least significant difference.
    Results
    There was significant difference in spirituality components among opioid-dependent, methamphetamine dependent, and normal people. The normal people's mean score for real acceptance was higher than the opioid-dependent and methamphetamine dependent peoples. Regarding impression management, the normal people's score was higher than the methamphetamine dependent peoples, and the opioid-dependent people's score was higher than the methamphetamine dependent peoples.
    Conclusion
    Overall, it seems that the substance dependent people have lower levels of the spirituality components. These findings can have important implications for prevention and treatment of substance dependence.
    Keywords: Methamphetamine, Opium, Spirituality
  • Narges Jamali, Iraj Shakerinia, Saeed Jalili Nikoo, Reza Ghasemi Jobaneh Pages 32-37
    Background And Objectives
    Pregnancy is one of the important periods of life in women and it is essential to have mental health. Spiritual constructs and life skills play an important role in explaining the psychological empowerment of people. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of spiritual health and emotional regulation in mental health of nulliparous women.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional, analytical study, 100 nulliparous women in Rasht, north Iran were selected by convenience sampling and filled out items on the components of spiritual health and mental health of Lifestyle Questionnaire and the emotional regulation subscale of Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression.
    Results
    The findings showed that spiritual health and emotional regulation were positively and significantly correlated with mental health in the nulliparous women. Spiritual health and emotional regulation could positively and significantly predict 27% of variance in these women’s mental health.
    Conclusion
    The findings of this study highlight the importance of spiritual health, as one of the important spiritual constructs, and emotional regulation, as one of the important life skills, in explaining nulliparous women’s psychological health. Thus, constructive steps can be taken to enhance psychological health in nulliparous women by holding courses based on spiritual health promotion and emotional regulation for them.
    Keywords: Emotion, Mental health, Pregnant Women, Spirituality
  • Arezo Azarm, Masoumeh Hasanlo, Mitra Hojt Ansari, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Hossein Ebrahimi, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi Pages 38-47
    Background And Objectives
    Achieving high quality healthcare services and patient's satisfaction with the healthcare services represents an important issue in healthcare delivery systems. Moral distress is one of the effective factors on this issue. Regarding the significance of the nursing care quality, it is necessary to investigate association between moral distress and the nursing care quality to reduce moral distress.
    Methods
    The participants of this descriptive-correlational study were 545 nurses of the ICUs, CCUs, and psychiatric departments selected by census. Data collection was conducted by Moral Distress Scale and Quality Patient Care Scale that were distributed among the participants and collected within eleven months. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS 13.
    Results
    Mean scores for moral distress and nursing care quality were 141.89±29.6 (moderate) and 195.97±28.05 (relatively desirable), respectively. According to Pearson correlation coefficient (0.058=α), the two variables were not correlated. Although moral distress was not significantly different between the nurses of the ICUs and CCUs and those of the psychiatric department (P=0.056), t-test indicated that nursing care quality was more desirable in the psychiatric department (P=0.016).
    Conclusion
    The levels of moral distress were moderate among the nurses and care quality was higher in the psychiatric department. It is recommended to implement educational programs such as prevention of exposure to stressful conditions, identify associated factors, and promote nurse's knowledge about moral distress and its consequences in order to manage tension. To promote care quality in ICUs, survey of nurse's perspectives is necessary to remove current barriers according to their perspectives and priority should be given to this issue in manager's operational agendas.
    Keywords: Care Quality, Moral Distress, Nurse, Nursing Care
  • Akram Heidari, Abbasali Vashian Pages 48-57
    Background And Objectives
    Patient’s rights are one of the pivots to define the standard clinical care programs. Patient’s Rights Charter has been compiled and applied for defending human rights, protecting honor and dignity of patient, and ensuring that patients receive treatment without discrimination especially in case of medical emergencies. The aim of this study was to compare the contents of Patient’s Rights Charter with those of the Holy Quran and Ahadith.
    Methods
    To conduct this library, descriptive study, first, the principles of the Charter were drawn and then the Quran and relevant literature indexed in different databases were reviewed. Then, the points in question were written down, classified, and compared to those of the Charter.
    Results
    In general, the principles of the Charter represented in nine terms which were consistent with several verses of the Quran and Ahadith. These terms consisted of human dignity, justice and avoidance of injustice, beneficence, knowledge value, moral virtue, privacy and confidentiality, ownership, authority, and life-saving and life-sustaining.
    Conclusion
    All of the concepts of Patient’s Rights Charter can generally conform to the verses of Holy Quran and Ahadith. Since religious beliefs can play effective role in performance of health care professionals regarding patient's rights, it is recommended to apply the Quranic proofs of the Patient’s Rights Charter, which are in line with the Charter, for better performance.
    Keywords: Islam, Morals, Patient Rights, Religion