فهرست مطالب

Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly - Volume:1 Issue: 4, Summer 2016

Health in Emergencies and Disasters Quarterly
Volume:1 Issue: 4, Summer 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/07/07
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mehrdad Farrokhi * Pages 175-176
  • Mohammadkarim Bahadori, Hamid Reza Khankeh, Rouhollah Zaboli, Mohammad Raiszadeh, Isa Malmir * Pages 177-186
    Background
    Coordination is a critical factor in successful organization and appropriate response to disasters. In this regard, a centralized coordination mechanism is the first step towards an effective, efficient, and sustainable response in order to be ensured of the short- and long-term recovery. Thus, this study aimed to identify and prioritize the barriers and facilitators of coordination in disasters.
    Materials And Methods
    This research was a descriptive and cross-sectional study, conducted in 2016. The participants comprised 22 experts in field of disaster. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire according to the analytical hierarchy process approach. For data analysis, we used Expert Choice software.
    Results
    Based on the results, “dominance of organizational approach instead of national points of view when addressing the health management during disasters,” took the first priority rank, earning the score of 0.344 among the barriers. Furthermore, among the facilitators, “having a processive and organizational view in health management during disasters,” took the first priority rank, earning the score of 0.374.
    Conclusion
    To increase the effective coordination in health area, we should develop infrastructure and structural measures, which include bolstering authorities’ belief about the health system’s role in the response to disasters, reinforcing the national approach rather than organizational approach in the field of health at disasters, implementing the coordination requirements, attending sufficiently and specifically to public participation, reducing the organizational friction in the health field for sharing resources and information, raising the level of readiness with a focus on people and training programs, and finally creating an evolutionary process in the health field at disasters.
    Keywords: Coordinating, Disaster, Barrier, Facilitator
  • Fatemeh Pashaei Sabet, Kian Norouzi Tabrizi *, Hamid Reza Khankeh, Soheil Saadat, Heidarali Abedi, Alireza Bastami Pages 187-192
    Background
    Traffic accidents are the main cause of death and disability in the world and Iran. The Injuries caused by traffic accidents may result in severe limitations and worst outcomes in various aspects of lives of traffic accident injured people and their families. Therefore, understanding their experiences is very important to design better programs with regard to their treatment and returning to the society. In this regard, we conducted this study with the aim of understanding and describing the experiences of encountering with physical trauma resulting from traffic accidents.
    Materials And Methods
    This study was conducted with qualitative research approach, using qualitative content analysis method. The study participants had a record of upper and or lower extremity injuries caused by traffic accidents of at least 3 months and at most 2 years after the accident. They were chosen by purposeful sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis method.
    Results
    The study findings based on the experiences of participants were conceptualized in three main categories; experiencing some limitations, disturbances in performing professional duties, and family problems caused by trauma.
    Conclusion
    The study findings showed that injured people due to traffic accidents experience numerous constraints in different areas of their lives. Accordingly, proper interventions can be designed based on understanding these needs and experiences from participants’ own words to alleviate these problems. Finally, the study results provide a new insight to the medical team to understand these patients and their real health problems in a more realistic way.
    Keywords: Experience, Physical trauma, Traffic accidents, Qualitative study
  • Hamidreza Eskash, Morteza Moradipour, Mina Nazari Kamal *, Sheida Sarafzade, Mahboobeh Rouhollahi, Abdoreza Arghaii, Rahele Samouei Pages 193-199
    Background
    Evaluating the effectiveness of reengineering Moheb (interventions and sociopsychological supports in disasters) project helps the managers of the Welfare Organization have feedback on the status of community empowerment against disasters. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of reengineering Moheb project to improve the knowledge, attitude, and performance of individuals and local communities in respond to earthquake.
    Materials And Methods
    This quasi-experimental study with two groups of control and case was conducted in Iran, in 2013. Hormozgan, Isfahan, Fars, and South Khorasan provinces were selected as the setting for the case group and Tehran, Markazi, Semnan, and Khorasan Razavi provinces were selected as the setting for the control group. A total number of 399 samples were assessed using questionnaires of evaluating effectiveness of Moheb project (a=0.704) and checklist of empowerment preparedness of local people. The assessed data were analyzed through independent t test, analysis of variance, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests by using SPSS 20.
    Results
    Based on the results, the proceedings done in the reengineering Moheb project, including organizing local disaster management teams, briefing/training sessions, as well as executed maneuvers have been instrumental in all subscales, i.e. participants of case provinces compared to participants of control provinces were better with regard to knowledge, attitude, and performance.
    Conclusion
    Regarding the fact that knowledge, attitude, and performance of the people at local communities about earthquake were improved, the interventional programs, especially educational and promotional plan, can effectively empower individuals to face disasters.
    Keywords: Reengineering of Moheb project, Knowledge, Attitude, Performance, Preparedness, Disaster
  • Mahmoud Nekouyi Moghaddam, Zahra Afshar Hossein Abadi *, Ali Ardalan, Somayeh Aminizadeh Pages 201-208
    Background
    Although natural disasters leave thousands of deaths and wounded, one of their most significant outcomes is empowering women as well as taking measures with special attention to women. This study aimed to analyze women’s cooperation and its affective factors in natural disasters and accidents.
    Materials And Methods
    The study design is cross-sectional and descriptive. The study population comprised the women living in Bam, Iran and the sample size was calculated as 385. The study instrument is a researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze the data, the descriptive statistical methods, the statistical correlation test, and 1-way analysis of variance were performed by using SPSS 16.
    Results
    The study result about the effects of the women demographic characteristics on their cooperation showed that there were no relationships between women’s cooperation and their marital status or degree of education. However, there were significant and positive relationships between their cooperation and variables of age, being indigenous, and occupational status.
    The results have also indicated that there were significant relationships between women’s cooperation and variables of knowledge and attitude.
    Conclusion
    Women, despite their vulnerability in natural accidents, have the capability in performing different tasks such as taking care and accommodating the injured family members, and making peace and relief in difficult and undesirable situations after natural disasters such as earthquake. However, the results of this study revealed that women’s cooperation in different parts of crisis management was very limited. This matter demands more attention of the responsible authorities.
    Keywords: Natural disasters, accidents, Women, Cooperation
  • Jalil Arab, Kheradmand, Shokoufeh Ahmadi *, Akram Baniasadi, Hamidreza Khankeh Pages 209-214
    Various disasters are still inevitable and over the last two decades, affected lives of at least 800 million people. Iran is one of the most disaster-prone countries and about 90% of the country are at risks of earthquakes or floods. Thus, the disaster management in our country is a priority. In recent years, several protocols have been put forward to manage the emergencies and disasters. In this regard, the related laws and regulations crisis management are an integrated part of any crisis management which specifies each organization role. One of the important pitfalls in managing risk reduction approach, is the lack of proper laws and regulations and their implementation. Moreover, national guidelines and protocols provides the pathways for different areas of intervention. To solve this shortcoming, a historical review of legislation in this area is helpful. This study aims to review the legislative history of disaster management in Iran, the responsible organizations, and their strong and weak points. This study might help reduce vulnerabilities and boost coordination in crisis management.
    Keywords: Disaster management, Legislation, Iran
  • David Alexander * Pages 215-223