نشریه جغرافیای اجتماعی شهری
پیاپی 7 (تابستان 1395)

Nowadays the increasing development of urban areas, population growth and using irresolvable products have led waste disposal become a main concern for urban management. Due to the complexity of urban issue it is better to use new models and techniques especially multi-criteria decision-making models and combining them with geographic information system (GIS), to identify suitable areas for landfill. In this research multiple criteria decision making (AHP) techniques have been used for weighting and also SAW model has been used for integrating layers affecting the location of the landfill in Kahnooj. In this regard 16 criteria were used as follows: distance from agricultural lands and gardens and land use, distance from flood-prone area, watercourse, aqueduct, drinking water wells and wind direction, distance from Kahnooj, residential areas and urban centers, distance from communication lines, industrial zone, electric power lines and distance from faults, soil type, slope and bedrock. According to the results, town lands were classified based on suitability for landfill into 4 ranges: very good, fairly good, fairly bad or very bad. Lands with very good level were 5201/2 hectares, lands fairly level were 5137/4 hectares. Finally, two places were offered between lands with very appropriate features to bury the waste disposal in Kahnooj. The results showed that between existing landfills in Kahnooj town, site No. 1 is in a very bad level and it is not wise to continue using it for landfill and site No. 2 is very appropriate.

The level of quality of life style in local society is connected with different phases of tourism life cycle model which is generally dependent upon the capacity of social toleration. During the first phases of development, positive changes will be formed but by proceeding when the toleration capacity or level of acceptable changes in the society gets on the threshold, negative changes resulted from tourism development will appear and gradually the destination residents` the quality of life will demonetize. Therefore, this study tries to examine the economic, social and cultural positive consequences and effects resulted from tourism development on urban development through improving the quality of life attitude in Gachsaran city by experts and suggests strategies along with the development of Gachsaran city. In order to get to the aim of the study descriptive-analytic method, measurement type was used. In order to collect the data and analyses the study data questionnaire and SPSS software were utilized. This study according to subject is case study and according to content is a practical study that will deal with determining and explaining independent and dependent variables. The study attitude is positivism and will prove by Pierson`s correlation test. Finally, after done analysis in this study, there is a significant relation between tourism enhancement and upgrading the quality of life. Furthermore, there is an important relation between tourism development and urban development.

One of the paradigms that in the last decades of the twentieth century has been formed in order to develop the urban potential is urban compact model. In this urban model, the sustainable transportation modes, combined use, social solidarity and cultural development has a special use. it causes the creation of spaces with high social interaction, lower power consumption and high degree of access for citizens. The aim of this study was to analyze the potentials of urban form with emphasis on the urban compact model in Gorgan city. A descriptive and analytical method and field study was used in this study. The city of Gorgan is divided into four metropolitan areas in order to evaluate the potential of each region to implement more urban compact model. The eight indicators of population density, barren and empty lands, building density, particle size distribution components, access systems, mixing land uses, access to infrastructure, access to public transport and to pedestrians and routes are also used. The obtained results from the analysis of space - location using GIS software and multi-criteria decision-making methods and MADM and SAR models indicates that the fourth area with factor 6/41 has the highest potential and the first area with 12/7 has the lowest potential for the implementation of urban compact model. The spatial and physical dissection of Gorgan indicated that in some areas of the city there are dispersions in form and structure. The fourth area with the high test mixing usages has the most accessible neibourhood, the most barren lands for urban growth, the greatest access to public transportation, to urban infrastructure and to walking routes has the most potential for the growth of urban compact.

The expansion of urbanization and the gradual growth of major cities in the world, especially in developing countries like Iran on the one hand, and the growth of cities, concentration and centralization of population, economic growth and environmental loadings on the other hand, despite more attention to cities, have led to the acceptance of their several roles and functions. The purpose of this study is to manage the physical development of Dehdasht and its urban growth boundaries, to prevent change in firste rate land and agricultural land use and change the direction of growth in lower degree lands towards the sustainable development of villages near to this region. The present research is descriptive- analytics. The data were collected, first, by library and documentary methods and field study, then, data analysis were done by Geographical Information System (GIS) and Google earth software’s. The results showed that the current growth of Dehdasht will result in destruction of first rate and agricultural lands, especially in north and northwest regions; this is in contradiction with sustainable development of surrounding areas and villages. So, the direction of development should be changed towards the west and southeast parts which are not very important through a logical and basic plan.

Today, using scientific and conceptual frameworks of a field in another field is not deemed as interdisciplinary mixture. But when you cannot seek some subjects in a field, using other fields will help to reveal the subject. By this attitude in this study it was attempted to survey on the lodgment in the mentioned sites by the past human population in Iran considering the fundamentals of the theories which are used in geographical sciences (geomorphology) toward lodgment of population centers and ancient civilizations in Iran. In order to attain this aim, document studies in archaeology science area and new theories in geography science (following to morphology of earth in lodgment of past civilizations) were accompanied with field deductions. Then by using technics, GIS/RS software’s through combination of spectral bands, visual interpretation, revelation of 5, 7 and 13 bands images of ETM8 Landsat & overlapping vector and raster layers, 3D model in positional analyses in these sites were begun. The results show though archaeologists stated their independent opinions on choosing sites of human centers which is valuable by itself but in fact some of matters like knowing earth forms or positional identity which is prone to concentration have not been clarified. Therefore, preparing these centers as Iran`s civil and ancient identities or any kind of management in these sites are challenging. Revealing the history of these sites which is considered in this study can be efficient in management and consistent planning for keeping past heritage.

The Totality of Iranian Bazaar has importance as a tourist attraction. therefore, considering entrance access is necessary to characterize and make this place memorable. The subject of this study is lack of determining interesting axes entrance of bazaar in Kerman city. The present study was undertaken to investigate proper entrance axes in the form of tourism routs to recognize qualitative criteria in the desirability of such urban spaces of the entry of Kerman bazaar. Sample routes were prioritized according to these criteria in order to choose entrance for Kerman bazaar. Analytic Fuzzy hierarchical method is used as analytical method in this research. Considering survey purpose and selected criteria of evaluated theoretical concepts, from three viewpoints; space- users, experts and direct space observation, selected options based on the structure of research method were analyzed. The case study shows according to evaluated criteria, Tamale axis involves the highest acceptability in qualitative criteria of tourism routs in the case of Kerman bazaar entrance. The results of this study shows qualitative criteria such as behavioral camp, security, harmony, safety, and quality of physical environment which are considered as the main component of urban space quality have a meaningful correlation with the level of social interaction and the presence of citizens in the areas of Kerman bazaar entrance.

Nowadays health tourism is one of the most developing sections of tourism industry in the world and is being raised as an attractive industry in the fields of economy, job creation, and introduction of cultures and even for developing political interests for countries. Hence, the purpose of this study is to evaluate strengths, health tourism opportunities of Tabriz Metropolitan and to provide executive strategies to develop health tourism. The research methodology of this study is descriptive - analytics with functional nature. Data were collected by interviewing method and they were analyzed by strategic SOAR and ANP models. The statistical population are the population of Tabriz, tourists, officials concern with tourism affairs, professors and experts (about 160000 people), and the sample size based on Cochrane formula was estimated about 400 people. According to the results, Tabriz with its natural attractions (appropriate capabilities of health spas, hydrotherapy, mud bath), as well as various medical specialists, different medical capabilities and common borders and neighboring with Turkey, Azerbaijan, Armenian. This city is capable of being a successful sample of tourism, especially health tourism. Some effective strategies to develop health tourism in Tabriz are unified legislation for health tourism, government macro policy to remove the obstacles of medical tourism, providing banking facilities to promote the quality of services and facilities to coordinate the influential elements in urban tourism planning system, and facilitating the issuance of visa for foreign tourists, with the scores of, respectively, 0, 1446 and 0. 1256, based on ANP model.

Culture is one of the utmost important issues affecting behaviors in human communities. In most developing countries, the cultural development is taken into account as one of the main parameters of the development process. Thus to plan, and to allocate resources and funds between different regions, identifying the position of the region in the relevant sector and ranking the privilege of development benefits are essential. The present study aims to assess and analyze the level of cultural development and regional inequality among the towns of Kermanshah Province through Entropy-VIKOR model. A descriptive, quantitative and analytical research approach is used to describe the statistical population including 14 towns of Kermanshah Province. In this research project, 20 cultural indices have been used for ranking and positioning each town in four ranks including Developed (high -privileged), Developing (privileged), under developed (semi- privileged) and the least developed (not-privileged). The findings have revealed that only Islam Abad Qarb and Kermanshah (the capital of Kermanshah Province) are ranked first and among the developed towns; Sahneh is placed in the developing rank; Kangavar, Sonqor, Harsin, Paveh, Sarpol Zahab, Gilan Qarb, Qasre Shirin are among the under-developed towns, and Ravansar, Dalahou, Salas Babajani and Javanroud among the least developed ones. The results indicate that regional cultural inequalities are extremely high in the province and quite against the social equality, which significantly illustrates the necessity of equal distribution of cultural resources and services in terms of cultural development.