فصلنامه مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران
سال ششم شماره 3 (پاییز 1396)

Internal migration is one of the most important issues currently on the Iranian population that is done for several reasons. In this study, a secondary analysis of data on population and housing censuses in 2006 and 2012, the major causes of internal migration in Iran, along with its explanatory factors have been identified. The main cause of migration for the following household (a general and vague reason) and then for reasons related to employment, education and graduation, access to more affordable housing, and the end of military service, which can be done in two general categories immigration and economic migration was consequential. Immigrants in urban and rural areas, immigrant men, women and immigrants of different age, a rather different reasons for immigration have enumerated. Multivariate analysis showed that gender and age immigrants (for demographic variables) explain the very strong possibility of consequential and economic migration, and then showed that education, migration flows, migration type and level of development of destination Placed. Migration of the study will have different outcomes for departure and arrival by an awareness of its explanatory power in Iran in order to plan internal migration steps.Internal migration is one of the most important issues currently on the Iranian population that is done for several reasons. In this study, a secondary analysis of data on population and housing censuses in 2006 and 2012, the major causes of internal migration in Iran, along with its explanatory factors have been identified. The main cause of migration for the following household (a general and vague reason) and then for reasons related to employment, education and graduation, access to more affordable housing, and the end of military service, which can be done in two general categories immigration and economic migration was consequential. Immigrants in urban and rural areas, immigrant men, women and immigrants of different age, a rather different reasons for immigration have enumerated. Multivariate analysis on of the study will have different outcomes for departure and arrival by an awareness of its explanatory power in Iran in order to plan internal migration steps.

Components and social phenomena due to its dynamic features, always subject to the interplay of various factors in the context of society. "Energy literacy" as a concept and a social variable placed in the same direction. Socio cultural variables that can affect the "energy literacy" is "cultural consumption". Thus check the status of energy literacy among the citizens of District 19 of Tehran Municipality and its relationship with the main purpose of this form of cultural consumption. To achieve this objective survey method was used. The population of adults 15 to 65 years, which amounts to 189 000 people are included. Cochran's sample size of 400 is considered among 19th District Tehrans people. The findings of the research shows that the energy literacy rate among respondents in cognitive dimension is low, and this rate (energy literacy) in behavioural and effectiveness dimensions are relatively high. There is correlation between energy literacy (efficiency, behavioural and cognitive dimension) and cultural consumption , Also there is correlation among responding people between “public acceptance of new technologies of energy” and “cultural consumption”. Therefore, we conclude that cultural consumption is one of the variables that associated with energy literacy in three dimensions (efficiency, behavioural and cognitive dimension).

Iran, as a society in the transitional stage, has undergone significant transformation, particularly over the recent fifty years. Likewise, rituals around the death phenomenon(burial rituals) have recently experienced dramatic changes in Iran. Despite their importance and their implications for the cultural studies, there has been little scholarship that aims to investigate and explain these changes in Iran. More precisely, the previous research has been particularly inattentive to the effects of the modernity on the death rituals in Iran. This paper will try to scrutinize such effect. I have been conducting fieldwork (about two years), including participatory observations, in the Tehran’s main cemetery, Behesht-e Zahra. In addition, this study utilized deep-interviews with people who have attended death ceremonies (Like Mobasher, Singer, gravedigger, clergy and corpse purifier). I find that while in the pre-modern Iran, the death rituals and practices were performed in a simple way and have been fulfilled mainly by the survivors, but they have been transformed to a complex process in more recent years, within which survivors have little control over. It is also shown that the modernity not only has influenced the culture of death but also has changed people’s attitudes toward the concept of death in Iran.

Although a huge number of programs, especially religious talk shows are produced with aim of actualizing the Islamic lifestyle criteria in people's lives by IRIB, questionnaires worrying records about the youth lack of tendency in watching religious talk shows. Accordingly, this study was conducted to discover the elements leading to the young generation’s unwillingness in choosing religious talk shows as their favorite choice. In order to achieve useful findings, the qualitative method of researching was chosen. Then, in order for gathering practical information, the researchers decided on in-depth interviews with young audiences in order to scrutinize the weak points of religious talk shows. Through the interviewees’ viewpoints of the probable defects of these programs, were clarified and some of their major shortcomings were listed; such as lack of creativity, invention and attraction in all parts of the programs, providing the programs in a monotonous way during several years, and ignoring the youth generation demands and motifs in the production procedure. Concentrating on the results of this research and trying to apply the suggestions, will bring about interest in young audiences to oppose the Islamic theology, and to use them in different aspects of social and individual lives.

In comparison to men, low presence of women in public administration in rural regions of Iran, leading to the formation of the executive work in the male atmosphere. In this situation, minority of women have to cooperate with the majority of men who mastering the work as well as the norms of career in the village administration's obligation.
In this research, we focus on women's experience in dealing with male atmosphere as the phenomenon of male-dominated pattern of rural management. The phenomenon has been studied in a qualitative method of social research. In this way, data have been produced and analyzed in grounded theory steps directly in the field of study.
Research findings demonstrate that factors such as: traditional gendered approach in the work of the executive, considering women as disable agents and visualize rural management as a political job create unanimous masculinity pattern in rural administration. Female managers, according to gender, marital status, age and gendered division of labor under the influence of individual capability, applicable ability and their independence react to male atmosphere. So, they apply strategies such as pretending to be men and showing personal independence. These solutions which led them to shrinkage female attitudes on their own and other female colleagues, being away from the female demands, acceptance male forced feelings, feeling equalization and superiority to men.

This article examines the relationship between shared activities with spouse and related components of marital stability (marital happiness and tendency to divorce) and generational trend. Statistical population of survey was married in Tehran and selected 1736 samples by Multi-stage cluster sampling. The results show: The amount of shared activities with spouse is not the same in all of dimensions. In the spending time outdoor and social contact are more than the spending time indoor, talk together and spending money. There are correlations between shared activities and marital happiness and invert correlation with tendency to divorce. In social contact and spending time indoor shared activities with spouse in the first generation is more than other generations and in talk together is less than others. There aren’t generational differences in spending time outdoor and spending money. Shared activities with spouse are more important for young generation and there is probability of more serious reactions without its realization in this generation. In general we can say that individualism is not common among the couples in Tehran. Although is not confirmed the ascending break in various aspects of relations between couples but recognizing the young generation and the factors affecting on shared activities with spouse is more important.

This article examines the conceqt and of Nation solidarity in Iran. According to policy making view ,Solidarity is a set of procedures for increasing people’s sense of belonging to their societies. In Iran, because of the ethnical diversity it is considered very crucial. National solidarity has 2 important dimension ,the security & coherence. This article examined the important cultural variables the sucg as: affections and cultural links ,National Comithment, The Trust, Social Interactions ,Cooperation and Collaboration, Consens us in values, and Control of society over the individual (political system). Also, This article examines the amount of Ethnicity in between Azari ethnic group and Turkman ethnic group ; And compared the amount of both concepts.
Thes variables has measured in 2 ethnicities in Iran; Tabriz for Azari ethnicity and Gonbad for Turkman ethnicity. The methodology employed in this Article is the survey method with a samle of 384 respandents. It also examined the relation between National solidarity and ethnicity. The findings showed that the National Dolidarity and Ethnicity are very high among Azari people in Tabriz, and also the National Solidarity and Ethnicity are very high among Turkman people in Gonbad. Compaing between 2 Ethnicites group, The Turkman stands higher in National Solidarity and Ethnicity.