فهرست مطالب

Multidisciplinary Cancer Investigation - Volume:1 Issue: 3, Jul 2017

Multidisciplinary Cancer Investigation
Volume:1 Issue: 3, Jul 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/05/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
|
  • Reza Sahebi, Maryam Aghaei, Sina Halvaei, Akram Alizadeh * Pages 1-5
    Since human beings could travel beyond the earth atmosphere, scientists started to investigate the effect of microgravity on human cells. Microgravity has different effects on normal and cancer cells, but the related mechanisms are not well-known till now. The aim of the present review is to focus on the consequences of exposing the cancer cells to reduced gravity. Some cancer cells organize three-dimensional structures under microgravity.
    Obviously, microgravity is an external stress, which can affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytoskeleton and signaling pathways. In addition, it touches immune-related components, regulates immune responses, and implicates immune cell activation. Low mutation aggregation and cancer rate in astronauts may lead to use microgravity as a therapeutic approach. However, it reduces the invasion and migration in some types of cancer cells, triggers the oncogenic signaling pathways including KRAS, and inhibits proliferation in normal lymphocytes. In conclusion, using microgravity as a therapeutic method in cancer treatment needs to be more investigated on both cancer and normal cells, and might not become true in the near future.
    Keywords: Weightlessness, Spheroids, Immune Responses
  • Aref Bahri, Elham Moazamian *, Negar Azarpira Pages 10-14
    Introduction
    Marine actinomycetes have a great potential to produce unique bioactive compounds due to their special adaptation in the harsh ocean environment. The current study aimed to isolate anti-cancer compounds producing actinomycetes from sediments of Harra forests of the Persian Gulf and investigate their potential as anti-breast cancer metabolites.
    Methods
    In the current study, 40 sediment samples of Harra forests of the Persian Gulf were collected. Samples were diluted and cultured in a starch casein agar selective medium. The strains were isolated and purified, using morphological and microscopic methods. Forty strains were cultured in a starch casein broth and the metabolites were extracted using ethyl acetate. The produced metabolites were extracted from active strains and their cytocidal activities were evaluated against the breast cancer cell line. Finally, effective-metabolites-producing bacteria were identified using the molecular method.
    Results
    Of the sediments, 186 strains were isolated and identified. Results showed that the isolates had cytocidal activities against the breast cancer cell line. The results also revealed that the 2HP and 4HP strains showed more anti-cancer activities than the others. Results of this study showed that sediments of Harra forests of the Persian Gulf were rich in active actinomycetes, which can be used in the production of new anticancer compounds.
    Conclusions
    The obtained results give evidence that it is essential to scrutinize these marine microorganisms, which have a great potential to be used in the pharmaceutical fields, in search for new drugs.
    Keywords: Persian Gulf, Marine Actinomycetes, Anti-cancer, Secondary metabolites
  • Maryam Koosha, Azam Raoofi, Alireza Bahrami, Akram Sajadian, Hoda Tafazzoli-Harandi, Shahpar Haghighat* Pages 15-21
    Introduction
    Breast cancer could adversely affect the self-esteem of women, family performance, sexual role, and quality of life. Sources of support are considered as one of the most effective coping strategies against problems and consequences of breast cancer. The current study aimed at evaluating different supportive sources and their impact on coping behavior of patients with breast cancer.
    Methods
    The current descriptive, analytic, cross-sectional study included 100 patients with breast cancer. The instruments consisted of a questionnaire designed to measure the sources of support and another questionnaire on coping behavior with the disease. The data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation, linear regression, and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) with SPSS version 14.
    Results
    The mean age of the patients was 45.59 ± 9.1 years. Overall, 69% of the study subjects were married and 77% were housewives. There was a positive and significant correlation between the received supportive sources and the disease coping behavior (P=0.049). In addition, the mean score of supportive source received from mothers and sisters was the highest in women with breast cancer (3.86).
    Conclusions
    Results of the current study indicated that women with breast cancer had the highest rate of coping behavior when their mothers and sisters supported them. This emphasizes the importance of required advice for all sources of support available for patients; therefore, the patients with breast cancer could deal with their disease more desirably.
    Keywords: Social Support, Coping Behavior, Breast Cancer
  • Toktam Beheshtian *, Faeze Yahyaei, Shahin Ghassemi Pages 22-24
    Introduction
    Tuberculosis (TB) and its diagnosis are of great importance in the middleeast, according to the increasing burden of this disease and the large number of unreported cases. Less than 20% of all TB cases only have extra-pulmonary manifestations and breast TB is a rare form of extra-pulmonary TB. It includes about 1% of all breast lesions.
    Case Presentation
    This study presents a breast TB case, which was an 83 year-old woman who that complained of fatigue, lethargy, and fever. In the physical examination, the patient had a discharging abscess in upper outer quadrant of her right breast associated with edema and erythema, accompanied with multiple axillary and supraclavicular adenopathies. Imaging showed multiple cervical, axillary, and abdominal adenopathies.
    Clinical manifestations were highly suggestive of inflammatory breast carcinoma. Further investigations, including lymph node biopsy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) helped with the diagnosis of TB in the patient. The patient was treated with quadruple therapy of TB.
    Discussion
    Because of its nonspecific clinical features, TB mastitis is often being misdiagnosed and underreported. Early diagnosis of breast TB could reduce patient's morbidity and also facilitate an effective treatment of patients with inflammatory breast lesions. TB should be the first differential diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis.
    Keywords: Tuberculosis, Breast Neoplasms, Mammography, Ultrasonography
  • Azita Mazinani *, Mandana Motamedi Pages 25-26