فهرست مطالب

Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences
Volume:4 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/12/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • A Alaee, A Azizi, N Valaei, S Taheri, F Ravanshadi, M Hajipour, M Fattahi* Pages 1-8
    Background and Aim
      Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) is one of the effective bacteria in the formation of caries and periodontal diseases which are caused by dental plaque. Currently, the use of natural honey (NH) is considered as a method of reducing S. sanguinis and S. mutans in saliva, which results in reducing the dental plaque. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of NH on the growth of S. sanguinis and to compare its effects with that of Ciprofloxacin and Penicillin antibiotics in vitro.  
    Materials and Methods
    In this experimental study, the effect of NH against S. sanguinis was investigated according to the growth inhibition zone in the disk diffusion method by measuring the inhibition zone around the disks which were dipped in the case and control groups. The agar well diffusion method was used as well. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In case of the presence of a significant difference, post-hoc Scheffe test was used as a supplementary test.
    Results
    In the disk diffusion method, the average inhibition zone was 21 mm for Ciprofloxacin, 10.35 mm for Penicillin, and 17.77 mm for NH (P<0.001). In the agar well diffusion method, the average inhibition zone was 17.68 mm for Ciprofloxacin, 15.83 mm for NH, and 8.06 mm for Penicillin (P<0.01).  
    Conclusion
    It seems that NH is effective against S. sanguinis in vitro. Nevertheless, its inhibition zone in the agar well diffusion and the disk diffusion methods is smaller than that formed by Ciprofloxacin and larger than that formed by Penicillin.
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Honey, Streptococcus sanguinis
  • E Birang, J Yaghini, R Birang, M Zohary* Pages 9-15
    Background and Aim
    Various methods have been used to reduce the patient's anxiety during dental treatment. In recent years, there has been an increase in behavioral research regarding virtual reality (VR) and virtual world as it offers more immersive images and works by blocking out real-world stimuli (visual, auditory or both). This study aimed at assessing the impact of VR on working conditions and pain during scaling and root planing (SRP) in anxious patients.
    Materials and Methods
    In this clinical trial, 14 eligible patients were randomly divided into two groups. Participants of one of the groups were wearing eyeglasses during SRP of the first quadrant, while in the other group, SRP was performed without any intervention. The intervention group was reversed for SRP of the second quadrant. The patients’ anxiety (dental anxiety scale-revised, DAS-R), pain score (visual analog scale, VAS), blood pressure (BP), and pulse rate (PR) were recorded before and after SRP. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney-U test.
    Results
    There was a significant difference in the patients’ PR and stress during SRP between the test and control groups (P<0.001). Moreover, the patients’ anxiety was significantly reduced by using eyeglasses during SRP.
    Conclusion
    Video eyeglasses are a useful tool for improving the quality of dental care by enhancing the patients’ satisfaction and reducing the patients’ pain and anxiety.
    Keywords: Visual Analog Scale, Dental Anxiety, Virtual Reality
  • N Omatali*, N Roghanizad, AA Moshari, M Sadaghiani, M Kalantari Pages 16-23
    Background and Aim
    The main goal of root canal treatment is to prevent or treat apical periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to assess the coronal restoration status, root canal filling quality, periapical health condition, and related factors in endodontically treated teeth at the Dental Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, in 2011-12.
    Materials and Methods
    In this descriptive, historical cohort study, a total of 160 teeth submitted to endodontic treatment were clinically and radiographically reexamined one year (minimum) postoperatively. Each volunteer answered a questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic factors. They were also questioned about the factors related to endodontic and restorative treatments. The restoration and root canal filling quality was classified according to the modified criteria introduced by Tronstad et al. The periapical status was evaluated according to the periapical index (PAI) scores.
    Results
    Periapical lesions (diseased/failure) were most prevalent in Inadequate Restoration/Inadequate Root Canal Filling group (70%) followed respectively by Inadequate Restoration/Adequate Root Canal Filling group (52.2%), Adequate Restoration/Inadequate Root Canal Filling group (30%), and Adequate Root Canal Filling/Adequate Restoration group (15.5%).
    Conclusion
    According to the results, an efficient appointment scheduling system has the greatest impact on the completion of coronal restoration after endodontic treatments. Provision of adequate root canal filling and perfect coronal restoration can reduce the prevalence of postoperative periapical lesions and increase the success rate of endodontic treatments.
    Keywords: Root Canal Obturation, Periapical Diseases, Cohort Studies, Radiography
  • H Akhavan, S Tour Savadkouhi, N Emami*, H Labaf Ghasemi, GH Anoosh, A Zareyi, SS Seyed Salehi Pages 24-32
    Background and Aim
    One of the main concerns in dental society is the enormous prescription of antibiotics. Unnecessary prescription of antibiotics causes resistant bacterial species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude of dentists toward antibiotic prescription in endodontic treatments and the role of related factors. The study was conducted in Sanandaj city, Kurdistan province, Iran, in 2017.
    Materials and Methods
    This quantitative cross-sectional study involved active dentists in Sanandaj city. Their attitude toward antibiotic prescription was evaluated using 20 questions (10 in favor of prescribing antibiotics and 10 against it) with the following options: “totally agree, agree, disagree, and totally disagree”. The role of related factors including age, sex, work experience, level of interest in endodontic treatments, and the number of endodontic cases, were analyzed by Chi-square test.
    Results
    The study was conducted on 145 dentists (72.5% males and 27.5% females) in Sanandaj city. The mean age of the participants was 39±11 years, and their mean work experience was 13±8 years. 7.5±0.9% of the dentists chose the “totally agree” option, and 92.5±1.1% of them chose the “agree” option regarding antibiotic prescription in endodontic treatments.
    Conclusion
    It seems that the positive attitude towards antibiotic prescription in endodontic treatments was satisfactory among the studied dentists.
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Dentists, Bacteria, Dental Care, Societies
  • P Moeiny, S Shabani*, M Vatankhah, A Bakhshi, M Zameni Pages 26-30
    Background
    Gingival overgrowth is a common clinical finding that most often represents reactive hyperplasia as a result of inflammatory gingival disease related to dental plaque. Irritation fibroma (IF), pyogenic granuloma (PG), peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF), and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) are non-neoplastic enlargements of the gingiva that are categorized as reactive hyperplastic lesions. Most of these lesions have a similar clinical appearance, i.e., a sessile or pedunculated nodule at the interdental papilla; the color varies from pale pink to red. All reactive gingival lesions show some variations in terms of gender, type, location, duration, and histologic features.
    Case Presentation
    Here, we present a case of PGCG in a 10-year-old male with its clinical presentations as well as radiological and histological features along with the management procedure.
    Conclusion
    Choice of treatment for our case was surgical excision, fluoride therapy, and oral hygiene maintenance. The patient remained tumor-free for 18 months and is still on regular follow-up.
    Keywords: Giant Cell Lesion, Multinucleated Giant Cells, Osteoclast, Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma, Maxilla
  • F Shakeri, H Azizi, F Razian, A Haddadi, S Haghani Far, N Hoshyari* Pages 30-35
    Background and Aim
    It is essential to know the internal root canal anatomy to reach a successful root canal debridement and a subsequent successful root canal obturation. Due to the importance of knowing the complexity of mid-mesial (MM) canals and isthmuses and how to deal with these anatomic variations, in this study, we examined the incidence and prevalence of the MM canal and isthmuses in mandibular first and second molars.
    Materials and Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records of patients presenting for diagnostic purposes to a radiology center in the city of Sari were used. A total of 207 mandibular first molars (81 males and 126 females) and 235 mandibular second molars (94 males and 140 females) were examined. Data were entered into SPSS 16 software. Descriptive data were presented using frequency percentage with the significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    Among the mandibular first molars that were examined in the study population, the prevalence of the MM canal was reported to be 2.5% in males and 4% in females. Similarly, the prevalence of the MM canal in the mandibular second molars was reported to be 2.1% in males and 3.6% in females. Also, the prevalence of isthmuses was 81.2% (males) and 78.9% (females) in the first molars and 78.7% (males) and 70.7% (females) in the second molars.
    Conclusion
    Based on the results of this study, it is important for dentists to be familiar with the root canal anatomy and to consider the referral of complex cases to endodontists.
    Keywords: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Anatomic Variation, Root Canal, Mandible, Molar
  • E Jalalian, E Hashemi *, SH Naser Mostufi, AR Banifatemeh, M Shariati, A Pirmoazen, S Alizadeh Pages 36-40
    Background and Aim
    Maintaining the primary torque of the abutment screw is a common problem related to implant-supported restorations; a failure in this respect often leads to screw loosening. The abutment screw plays a critical role in the long-term stability of restorations. This study aimed to assess the effect of two abutment connection types with and without cyclic loading on removal torque value (RTV).
    Materials and Methods
    A total of 24 abutments and fixtures were evaluated in this in-vitro experimental study. Two abutments with internal and external connections were tightened to fixtures using a digital torque-meter according to the manufacturer's instructions. Half of the samples were subjected to cyclic loading with a 100-N mechanical load at a 1-Hz frequency (500,000 cycles) applied at 23±1°C with 50±5% humidity. Next, the RTV was measured for each abutment. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the effect of the abutment system and cyclic loading on RTV.
    Results
    The highest RTV belonged to the internal connection abutment without cyclic loading (22 Newton-centimeter (Ncm)), while the lowest RTV was noted with the external connection abutment subjected to cyclic loading (14 Ncm; P<0.01). There was no statistically significant interaction effect between the two variables (the abutment system and cyclic loading; P=0.839). The RTV in the internal hexagon abutments was significantly higher than that in the external hexagon abutment system (P<0.001). Cyclic loading significantly reduced the RTVs in both abutments (P<0.001).
    Conclusion
    According to the results, internal connection abutments experience less screw loosening.
    Keywords: Dental Implant-Abutment Design, Dental Implant Loading, Torque, Mechanical Stress