Assessment of phylogenetic relationships of ACC gene in Hordeum, Leymus and Elymus genera

Plastid single-copy gene acetyl- coAcarboxylase (ACCase) is the first agent in the biosynthesis of fatty acids which is suitable for the studying of phylogenetic relationships، evolutionary and systematic of grasses. Single and low copy genes are less likely subject to concerted evolution، thus making themselves ideal tools for studying the origin and evolution of polyploid taxa. In this study، phylogenetic relationship of seven species and subspecies of (Hordeum) of Iran including (Hordeum murinum L.)، (Hordeum marinum Hudson)، (Hordeum brevisubulatum Trinus Link)، (Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch)، (Hordeum bulbosom L.)، (Hordeum vulgare convar. distichon L.)، (Hordeum vulgare convar. hexastichon L.)، were investigated using gene specific primers acetyl- CoAcarboxylase (ACC1) and then compared their sequences with the sequences of species of Leymus and Elymus genera. A great diversity was observed in the wild barley from Iran. Phylogenetic tree grouped all samples in two main groups. The first group consisted of all accessions of Leymus and Elymus genera as well as two accessions of Hordeum. While the second group consisted of all Iranian species/subspecies of Hordeum along with Hordeum vulgare L. with unknown origin. Since ACC1 gene is a valuable source for phylogenetic analysis in the Triticeae tribe، this research investigated the genomic and evolutionary relationships of the Hordeum، Leymus and Elymus genera and dtermined reasonable and important Taxonomy relationships among Hordeum species from Iran.