A Review of Passive Defense Measures in Owi Underground Town (Case Study of the Ancient Town of Noosh Abad, Kashan)

Defense is an instinctive issue, meaning that it has roots in inner part and instinct of humans and is not related to a certain time and place or area. This instinctive tendency has such domination on the spirit of an individual and society that in difficult conditions will force him to utilize the power of wisdom to make the best use of natural and climate and existing facilities and to implement defense solutions compatible with the threats to protect himself, his home and city, as well. In the distant past, the people of Noosh Abad made efforts to establish a dynamic defense network in the desert and the erected a town deep underground where not only no material was used in its construction but also they produced some material out of its construction and they used it in making walls and towers around the town. The residents of Noosh Abad developed an underground town, within many years, where they could shelter in time of danger and continue their lives for a long time and be safe from their enemy. The present research has been done in historical form and is of applied sort. At first, the theoretical principles of the research have been explained and then the information about the town of Owi and its passive defense has been collected. In the end, upon review, the passive defense measures taken in the town of Owi have also been described. This article intends to pursue the ancient town of Owi and to present the passive defense measures there.