Judicial Responsibility in Preventing Crime in the Light of Paragraph 5 of Article 156 of the Constitution

According to the paragraph 5 of Article 156 of the Constitution, "the appropriate action to prevent crime and reform criminals" is regarded as one of the duties of the judiciary power. Since crime prevention is used in both general and specific meaning, and also includes various methods and examples, it is important to understand the exact meaning of "crime prevention" mentioned in paragraph 5 of Article 156 of the Constitution. Its logical and correct understanding is the main prerequisite so that this clause of the Constitution is correctly executed. There have been some disputes about the clause from the very codification of this principle in the Council of Constitutional Experts. These disputes manifested in the legal theories, are combined with the practical aspects when formulating the bill of crime prevention.Therefore, this article tries to propose an explanation of this clause, according to the spirit of the Constitution. From the perspective of this article, according to paragraph 1 of Article 156 of the Constitution, both Islamic Republic of Iran as a whole, and the judiciary power, by committing to the principle of separation of powers, are responsible in preventing crime.