The Effect of Interaction between Maturation Levels and BMI>85% on the Physiological Efficiency and Training Impulse Indexes in Adolescent Girls

Obesity syndrome in children and adolescents has been introduced as a major reason for metabolic diseases in adulthood. Excess fat in physical activity has a reverse effect on the performance mechanics and efficiency. However, during adolescence, biological age different from chronological age may influence the process of movement performance. Hence the present study aimed to examine the simultaneous effect of the maturity level and BMI on the indexes of physiological efficiency and training impulse in girls. For this purpose, 80 female students aged between 12 and 17 years old were randomly selected from guidance and high schools. The subjects were divided into two groups of G1 (BMI>85%) and G2 (BMI<85%). Biological age was determined with the method of dental age. To measure physiological efficiency, field tests of sub-maximal and maximal aerobic were used. Training impulse was calculated based on the changes in exercise heart rate. Results showed that the expenditure of oxygen of activity and consumed energy in obese and normal subjects (without intervention of maturation level) were not significantly different. But the changes of training impulse, the energy expenditure index, speed of task and functional capacity in G1 and G2 were significant (p<0.05). Maturity level had an effective only on the speed of task (p<0.05). The interaction between puberty variables and BMI was only significant in the impulse of exercise and the energy expenditure index. It can be concluded that the parameters of BMI and maturation have an effect on the physiological efficiency indexes. But the interaction of these two parameters with physiological indexes has an effect only on training impulse and energy expenditure index. Therefore, special attention of coaches to workload or training impulse can contribute to better performance analysis of adolescent girls.