A Comparative Study of Female Voices in J. Safarbeygi's Poetry and W. Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice with Special References to S. Greenblatt's Circulation of Social Energies and A. Sinfield's Theory of Faultliness

Literary works are good sites for cultural energies; to live، negotiate، and challenge the dominant discourse and each other، sometimes this presence is reproduced and sometimes، if is challenged. P. Machery’s “The Unconscious of the Text” and A. Sinfield’s theory of Faultliness show that how literary works trouble the dominant discourse. Some women – in Shakespeare’s tragedies- revolt against the dominant discourse of Elizabethan patriarchal ideology; they question its basic assumptions and its very ideology. On the other hand، S. “Greenblatt in Circulation of Social Energies” states that the dominant social energies or discourses are continually reproduced in the literary works. In Safarbeygi’s poetry – although the socio-political ground-works have been changed in the favour of women rights – the patriarchal ideology is reproduced in a circular movement; men have constructed that ideology centyries ago، then it came into their collective unconsciousness، and finally، via the help of literary works، it entered the society again