Comparison of radiological and pathological results in gestational trophoblastic diseases

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a heterogenous group of neoplastic lesions that is derived from placental trophoblastic epithelium. According to World Health Organization (WHO) classification they include: Hydatidiform mole (complete and partial)، invasive mole، choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor. Hydatidiform mole is the most common and the diagnosis is achieved by pre-evacuation ultrasonographic evaluation، laboratory tests and finally histological assessment as gold standard. Since these disorders show varying potential for local invasion and metastasis، the accurate diagnosis، follow up and recommendations given to patients may differ. Consecutive cases with diagnosis of GTD from archive of pathology department of women (Mirza Kochak Khan) hospital were reviewed in whom results of clinical presentation and pre-evacuation ultrasound examination were documented. There were overall 220 cases for which the following clinical features were determined: gravidity، parity، history of previous abortion and gestational trophoblastic disease، the clinical symptoms such as vaginal bleeding and hypertension. Finally concordance between pre-evacuation ultrasonographic and histological diagnosis by kappa test is calculated. Out of 220 cases with clinically gestational trophoblastic disease diagnosis، 197 cases were confirmed by histological diagnosis. The concluding histological diagnosis includes: 98 cases of complete mole (CM)، 84 partial mole (PM)، 4 invasive mole and 11 cases of choriocarcinoma. Outside 98 cases with histological diagnosis CM only in 4 cases misdiagnosed by ultrasonoghraphy (4. 1%) and high degree of concordance between ultrasonography and histological diagnosis is seen. Ultrasonographic examination accompanied with clinical examination، beside histological assessment as gold standard have high efficacy in diagnosing complete mole. This study did not show this finding for partial mole.