Effect of foliar application of Putrescine and nutrient elements on grain yield and quality of two bread wheat cultivars

This experiment was conducted at research field of Shahid Chamran University in 2010 2011 growing season as split plot arrangement in randomized complete block design with four replications. Two bread wheat cultivars (Chamran and Star) were assigned to main plots and plant nutrients including; foliar application of Putrescine, boron, molybdenum in booting and tillering + booting stages (from the source of Nitrate Balancer), phosphorus and potassium in booting and booting + tillering stages (from the source of Basfoliar active), nutrients foliar application chelated by Glycin amino acid in the tillering stage (from the source of Biomin). B, Fe, and Mo micronutrients in the tillering stage (from the source of Flower power), and control conditions (without any foliar application of nutrients) were randomized in sub-plots. Results showed that foliar application of Nitrate Balancer increased grain yield in Star and Chamran cultivars (88.8% and 91.1%, respectively), and also increased yield components, starch, and protein content compared to control. The highest grain yield belonged to Nitrate Balancer in the tillering + booting stages in Chamran and Star cultivars (11890 and 11520 kg.ha-1, respectively). The lowest grain yield measured was in the control conditions for Chamran and Star cultivars (6290 and 6030 kg.ha-1, respectively). The longest effective grain filling period (EFP) was observed in the foliar application of Nitrate Balancer in the tillering + booting stages of Chamran and Star cultivars (45.7 and 53.8 days, respectively). The shortest EGFP was in the control treatment of cultivars 30.1 and 27.6 days, in Chamran and Star, respectively). The highest leaf area duration (LAD) was obtained in the foliar application of Nitrate Balancer in tillering + booting stages compared to control.. In all foliar application treatments, the grain yield had positive and significant correlation with grains.pikelet-1, spikelet.spike-1, harvest index, grain weight, and spike.m-2. It can be concluded that Putrescine and nutrients application enhanced leaf area duration of flag leaf, effective grain filling period and finally increased grain yield.