Bayyinah not Pertaining to Two Witnesses

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Abstract:
Bayyinah (two just witnesses) is known as the most important reason for proving the Islamic rules and matters, and it has been stated as two fair witnesses in the reports and orders of jurists. According to the legislation, it is one of the best reasons to prove any kind of claim. Bayyinah has been mentioned in many Hadiths as the evidence of fairness. The number of the witnesses has also been reported, which has caused the jurists to interpret it as two fair witnesses and because of this fairness and number (two persons) are contained in this interpretation. Hence, this group assumes Bayyinah as being two men and does not pertain it to anything except this. Firstly, the number of the witnesses should be two persons, no more or less. Secondly, they should be male and the female witnesses are known as being against the principle unless in case of some exceptions. Thirdly they should be fair. In addition to this assertion, another statement is used for using Bayyinah by absolute means, by using the whole Hadith, facts and figures in jurisdiction. It means any reason which is proving and explanatory is used. Therefore, the judiciary knowledge is used as Bayyinah and it can be applied to all reasons. In addition, by taking a look at the judiciary knowledge and pertaining it to the witnesses, there is no notion of either the two persons or the masculinity of the witnesses.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Contemporary Comparative Legal Studies, Volume:3 Issue: 6, 2013
Pages:
165 to 206
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