Oudh/Awadh Bequest(18th -20th century)

consigning cash presents for the holy shrines in Najaf and Karbala was the most significant cultural- spiritual customs in India. Not only Indian shi’ite also Nawāb, Kings and Royal families used to send such gifts for the sake of holy purpose and spiritual intention. Attributed to Northern Province the Awadh, Endowment or Endowment historically formed from 18th century when Āsif al-Dawla began to fund Najaf irrigation project during the famine. Then the Endowment underwent historical evolution in mid 19th century when the British began to distribute the cash among Ulama of Najaf and Karbala. The British tried to use it as a political tool for themselves. The main question is how could former Awadh Endowment as cultural-spiritual phenomena turned into a political tool in terms of historical process? Based on the historical method, this article is compiled from information which originated from original sources in the British Library and London national archives.