A sociological study of Factors Affecting urbanism (case of study: the city of Sary)

Urbanism, unlike urbanization, is not a process of urban growth, but is the final stage and the result of urbanization. This research aims to determine the level of urbanism among urban dwellers, and the factors that influence this phenomenon. The urban mosaic and subcultural and deterministic theories of urbanization provided the theoretical framework of the study. On that basis, 10 hypotheses were developed in which the variables of age, gender, marital status, education, employment status, income, years of living in the city, urban or rural origin, type of neighborhood and number of children were considered as independent variables. This was a survey research in which questionnaire and interview techniques were used. The research population consisted of all the residents of the city of Sari who were 30 to 65 years old, of which 340 individuals were selected through stratified random sampling. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to test the relationships among variables. Research findings showed that the level of urbanism is high in Sari and few people rank medium in terms of urbanism. The results also indicated that nine of the ten variables have a significant relationship with urbanism and that the only variable which was not significantly related to urbanism was income. As a result, it could be concluded that such factors as increasing population density, heterogeneity and dynamics of urban life, such as noise, traffic have affected the lifestyle and quality life of people. In closing, it could be said that the deterministic approach of urbanism is suitable to explaining the level of urbanism in the city of Sari