An Analysis of Lexical Oppositions and Antonymies in Sanaei's Poetry

The issue of opposition is one of the most important issues in structuralism which is rooted in mythological and cultural beliefs of human being. This issue which has a special position in linguistics can be used in literary researches، especially in the analysis of texts. In this study، lexical oppositions in the poetry of Hakim Sanaie، the great poet of fifth and sixth centuries (A. H) who is one of the pioneers of Persian literature regarding his innovations in sonnet، ode and ballad، are explored. The main question of this research is that how much he has used opposition and what are the reasons of using such elements in his poetry. The results show that lexical oppositions with semantic load of antonymy comprise large parts of his poetry. Looking at his poetry structurally، it can be said that such opposite words are like signs which are related to the totality of his works، that is، no matter at which dimension we look at his poetry، there are elements which propel his poetry toward dichotomy. Such signs explain objectively his character، his individual and collective unconscious، the conditions of society and his epoch، his concern with mystical issues، presence of pedagogical thoughts in his poetry and semantic and artistic features of poet’s language.