A Review of Islamic Theological (Related To Kalam) and Intellectual Traditions in the Book of Job

The book of Job is among the books on wisdom in the Old Testament and Hebrew scriptures as one of the world’s literary masterpieces. This book deals with some of the most serious intellectual challenges with the issue of suffering and the meaning of life. It is basically considered as a book on theodicy or divine justice it seems to possess certain components and elements which can make it the object of a Islamic Theological approach. In reviewing this book, one can easily find fhe examples of Islamic theological disputations among different intellectual trends in the Muslim world such as Asharites, Mu’tazilites and the Shi’a. The issue of human pain and suffering does not occupy an important distinct position in Islamic theology; in most disciplines, it is discussed under the rubric of “obligation". The aim of analyzing the content of this book and using methods of historical criticism and those of hermeneutics is solely to review and find some of the most longstanding ancient doctrines of the divine revealed religions. Given the changes in anthropological studies in the present era and the needs resulted from the paradigms shifts, this research can make its contribution to reconstruct and add some new dimensions to the modern theology.